Probiotics as a therapeutic strategy in obesity and overweight: a systematic review.

Obesity and overweight are two of the most health challenges with an increasing prevalence in recent years, in which several complications have been identified to have a high impact in patients' health conditions. In this vein, an increasing interest in the gut microbiota has emerged as a target for therapeutic strategies in obesity and overweight due to its direct relation with the aforementioned health conditions and complications. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics as a therapeutic strategy in the management of obesity and overweight. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials was carried out in 6 databases until May 2019 to assess the use of probiotics in obesity and overweight patients. The Jadad Scale was used to assess the quality of the clinical trials. Twenty-three clinical trials published between 2000 and 2019 met the inclusion criteria. The role of probiotics in reducing body mass index and weight as well as changing the visceral abdominal fat area, waist and hip circumference were shown in 14 of 23 trials (60.87%); 14 trials (60.87%) showed changes on patients' fatty acids and biomarkers; and 4 trials (17.39%) studied the role of the gut microbiota in obese and overweight patients. Some probiotics strains are shown to be effective in reducing body mass index and hip circumference. This review provides evidence of successful results in weight loss using probiotic groups.

The effects of treadmill or overground walking training program on gait in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: Gait impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is characterized by the inability to generate appropriate stride length. Treadmill training has been proposed as a therapeutic tool for PD patients. However, it remains unknown whether treadmill training effects are different from overground walking training. Thus, our goal was to explore the effects of two training programs, walking on a treadmill and walking overground, in PD patients. METHODS: 22 PD patients were randomly assigned to a treadmill or overground training group. The training program consisted of 5 weeks (3 sessions/week). Before and after the program we evaluated gait kinematics during walking at preferred and maximal speed; Timed Up and Go (TUG); static posturography and knee extensors strength. Gait parameters were reevaluated in the treadmill training group one month after the cessation of the training. RESULTS: Preferred speed walking improved in both groups after the training program. The treadmill training program, but not the overground, led to an improvement in the stride length at the preferred and maximal walking speed in the PD patients. In addition, the treadmill training group showed improvement of the TUG and static posturography tests. The improvement in gait parameters was maintained one month after the cessation of the treadmill training. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of a specific therapeutic effect of treadmill training on Parkinsonian gait and balance. Walking on a treadmill may be used as an easy, effective and accessible way to improve the stride length and balance in PD patients.

Herpesvirus / Herpesvirus

El Herpes virus (HSV) destaca por ser el principal responsable de un gran número de infecciones de la región orofacial, así como de la región genital. El virus del herpes simple es el prototipo de una gran familia de virus de doble cadena de ADN, los herpes viridiae, que causan una gran morbilidad en humanos. La infección en las células de la mucosa epitelial da lugar a una serie de signos clínicos y a la infección latente a nivel de las neuronas sensoriales. Durante la fase de infección productiva se expresan múltiples proteínas virales mientras que en fases latentes apenas se expresan dichas proteínas. La reactivación del virus da lugar a infecciones recurrentes, desencadenando en lisis celular y múltiples cuadros con manifestaciones clínicas bien definidas y que desarrollaremos en esta revisión. Por otro lado analizaremos la evidencia disponible que relaciona ciertos virus de esta familia con la progresión de la enfermedad periodontal tanto en adultos como en niños (AU)

The HSV is a virus that causes of a great number of infections both in the orofacial and in the genital area. The herpes simple virus is the prototype of a big family of double DNA strand viruses, the herpes viridiae, which causes a great morbidity in humans. The infection of epithelial cells of the oral mucosa gives rise to a series of clinical signs and symptoms and to a latent infection of the sensitive neurons. During the active phase of infection, multiple viral proteins are expressed while in the latent phase they are barely expressed. When the virus is reactivated, recurrent infection starts, producing cell lisis and different clinical manifestations that we are will reviewed in this article. We will explain the. The fact that certain virus of the herpesvirus family might be related with the progression of periodontal diseases in adults and children which is gaining interest lately (AU)

Inveginación de íelon por metástasis de melanoma cutáneo / Small bowel intussusception caused by metastatic cutaneous melanoma

No disponible

[The need to teach research methodology in the career of medical surgeon]. / Necesidades de enseñanza de metodología de la investigación en la carrera de médico cirujano.

A survey on the interest in doing medical research, present or previous involvement in it, and opinions on the need for a research course in the medical doctor and surgeon degree program was administered to 310 persons. The participants were divided into seven groups in accordance with their main lines of work: professors, administrative personnel, doctors at the primary, secondary and tertiary care level, residents, and medical students. The participants were in favor of research: 93.5% felt that they would have profited from a research course during their undergraduate studies and 94.8% were of the opinion that an introductory course in scientific research was needed in the graduate program; although 23.5% of the administrative personnel (a figure significantly different from the other groups, p less than 0.05) thought that the course was unnecessary. From the data obtained, the authors consider that an introductory course in scientific research should be included in the medical doctor and surgeon degree program.