Characterization of workers or population percentage affected by low-back pain (LPB), sciatica and herniated disc due to whole-body vibrations (WBV).

Whole-body vibrations have several harmful effects on the population's health. The most suitable way to characterize the vibrations is to use the daily vibration exposure A (8) and Vibration Dose Value as specified in Directive 2002/44/EC. Therefore, based on the existing literature, we propose Probit equations that allow us to relate the population percentage affected by the vibration effects (low-back pain, sciatica, and herniated disc) with the A (8) and the Vibration Dose Value. It is worth noting that there is a good correlation between the experimental data and the expressions obtained, especially for low-back pain and herniated discs. Once the expressions have been validated, we analyze the limit values given in the aforementioned legislation, showing that the percentage of the affected population is significant for them. Therefore, this study also proposes new limits based on their own definitions, which are more in line with the results shown in the bibliography.

[Analysis of accidental falls and the integration in the chronicity programs of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. / Análisis de las caídas accidentales y la integración en los programas de cronicidad de los pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica.

INTRODUCTION: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common degenerative motor neuron disease. There is no curative treatment available, and these patients require multidisciplinary support to promote their comfort and quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Longitudinal descriptive study in patients registered in primary care (PC), Costa de Ponent-Barcelona Institut Catala de la Salut to analyse emergency hospital visits, use of support devices and their integration into the primary care chronicity program. Variables were sex, age and evolution time, emergency visits, patients with percutaneous gastrostomy (PEG), non-invasive or invasive ventilation (NIV/VI), integration in the primary care chronicity program. RESULTS: 81 patients, 49.4% male, mean age 65.6 years (±11.7), evolution time less than 2 years or equal to or greater than 2 years (42 and 58%, respectively). Of them, 47 (58.5%) made 107 consultations. The most frequent reasons for consultation were falls (26.8%), respiratory difficulties (23.3%), comorbidity (16.7%), eating problems (11%) and pain (10.2%) without differences by age or sex. Greater frequency (p < 0.001) was observed in patients with less than two years of evolution and significant increases in the use of NIV and PEG up to 51.9 and 35.8% respectively, as well as integration in primary care chronicity program of 61.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Accidental falls were the most frequent and potentially avoidable reason for hospital emergency visits in patients with ALS, especially in the first two years of the disease. Significant increases are detected in the use of support devices and in primary care chronicity program integration. It is necessary to increase home resources, especially in physiotherapy and occupational therapy.

TITLE: Análisis de las caídas accidentales y la integración en los programas de cronicidad de los pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica.Introducción. La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) es la enfermedad degenerativa de las motoneuronas más frecuente. No dispone de tratamiento curativo y estos pacientes requieren un soporte multidisciplinar para favorecer su confort y calidad de vida. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio descriptivo longitudinal en pacientes registrados en atención primaria, Costa de Ponent-Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, para analizar las visitas urgentes hospitalarias, la utilización de dispositivos de soporte y su integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad. Las variables fueron sexo, edad y tiempo de evolución, visitas urgentes, portadores de gastrostomía percutánea (PEG), ventilación no invasiva o invasiva (VNI/VI) e integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad. Resultados. Se incluyó a 81 pacientes, un 49,4% varones, con una edad media de 65,6 años (±11,7), y un tiempo de evolución menor de 2 años o igual o mayor de 2 años (42 y 58%, respectivamente). De ellos, 47 (58,5%) realizaron 107 consultas. Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes fueron: caídas (26,8%), dificultades respiratorias (23,3%), comorbilidad (16,7%), problemas en la alimentación (11%) y dolor (10,2%), sin diferencias por edad o sexo. Se observó una mayor frecuentación (p menor de 0,001) en pacientes con menos de dos años de evolución e incrementos significativos en la utilización de la VNI y la PEG hasta el 51,9 y el 35,8%, respectivamente, así como integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad del 61,7%. Conclusiones. El motivo más frecuente de consulta a urgencias hospitalarias de pacientes con ELA y potencialmente evitable fueron las caídas accidentales, especialmente en los primeros dos años de enfermedad. Se detectan incrementos significativos en la utilización de dispositivos de soporte y en la integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad. Es necesario incrementar los recursos domiciliarios, especialmente en fisioterapia y terapia ocupacional.

Análisis de las caídas accidentales y la integración en los programas de cronicidad de los pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica / Analysis of accidental falls and the integration in the chronicity programs of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Introducción: La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) es la enfermedad degenerativa de las motoneuronas más frecuente. No dispone de tratamiento curativo y estos pacientes requieren un soporte multidisciplinar para favorecer su confort y calidad de vida. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal en pacientes registrados en atención primaria, Costa de Ponent-Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, para analizar las visitas urgentes hospitalarias, la utilización de dispositivos de soporte y su integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad. Las variables fueron sexo, edad y tiempo de evolución, visitas urgentes, portadores de gastrostomía percutánea (PEG), ventilación no invasiva o invasiva (VNI/VI) e integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad. Resultados: Se incluyó a 81 pacientes, un 49,4% varones, con una edad media de 65,6 años (±11,7), y un tiempo de evolución menor de 2 años o igual o mayor de 2 años (42 y 58%, respectivamente). De ellos, 47 (58,5%) realizaron 107 consultas. Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes fueron: caídas (26,8%), dificultades respiratorias (23,3%), comorbilidad (16,7%), problemas en la alimentación (11%) y dolor (10,2%), sin diferencias por edad o sexo. Se observó una mayor frecuentación (p < 0,001) en pacientes con menos de dos años de evolución e incrementos significativos en la utilización de la VNI y la PEG hasta el 51,9 y el 35,8%, respectivamente, así como integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad del 61,7%. Conclusiones: El motivo más frecuente de consulta a urgencias hospitalarias de pacientes con ELA y potencialmente evitable fueron las caídas accidentales, especialmente en los primeros dos años de enfermedad. Se detectan incrementos significativos en la utilización de dispositivos de soporte y en la integración en el programa de atención a la cronicidad. Es necesario incrementar los recursos domiciliarios, especialmente en fisioterapia y terapia ocupacional.(AU)

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common degenerative motor neuron disease. There is no curative treatment available, and these patients require multidisciplinary support to promote their comfort and quality of life. Patients and methods: Longitudinal descriptive study in patients registered in primary care (PC), Costa de Ponent-Barcelona Institut Català de la Salut to analyse emergency hospital visits, use of support devices and their integration into the primary care chronicity program. Variables were sex, age and evolution time, emergency visits, patients with percutaneous gastrostomy (PEG), non-invasive or invasive ventilation (NIV/VI), integration in the primary care chronicity program. Results: 81 patients, 49.4% male, mean age 65.6 years (±11.7), evolution time less than 2 years or equal to or greater than 2 years (42 and 58%, respectively). Of them, 47 (58.5%) made 107 consultations. The most frequent reasons for consultation were falls (26.8%), respiratory difficulties (23.3%), comorbidity (16.7%), eating problems (11%) and pain (10.2%) without differences by age or sex. Greater frequency (p < 0.001) was observed in patients with less than two years of evolution and significant increases in the use of NIV and PEG up to 51.9 and 35.8% respectively, as well as integration in primary care chronicity program of 61.7%. Conclusions: Accidental falls were the most frequent and potentially avoidable reason for hospital emergency visits in patients with ALS, especially in the first two years of the disease. Significant increases are detected in the use of support devices and in primary care chronicity program integration. It is necessary to increase home resources, especially in physiotherapy and occupational therapy.(AU)

Relationship between ultraviolet index (UVI) and first-, second- and third-degree sunburn using the Probit methodology.

In this paper, a relation between the ultraviolet index (UVI) as a Sun exposure time and its effects in the form of burns according to the skin type has been elaborated. Moreover, we present a new expression that relates the intensity of solar radiation and the UVI, as well as expressions to obtain the percentage of population affected both by first and second degree lllsunburn for every skin-type. The results have been adjusted and validated through experimental results taken from the bibliography. Finally, this paper presents a table where the population can easily interpret the UVI values and calculate the maximum time one can be exposed to solar radiation without getting sunburn. In addition, this article aims to raise awareness of the potential harm caused by solar radiation by indicating the percentage of population affected by different types of sunburn depending on skin-type. Moreover, ultraviolet exposure to sunlight could not just result in sunburn, but also have long-term effects on eyes, or even cause immune system disorders or melanoma. Therefore, managing risk perception with this useful table could familiarize the population with actual harm prevention.

Secuestro pulmonar intralobar sobreinfectado, a propósito de un caso / No disponible

El secuestro pulmonar es una malformación congénita poco frecuente, generalmente asintomática hasta que la lesión se infecta, debutando entonces como infecciones respiratorias de repetición. El diagnóstico se confirma mediante pruebas de imagen que permitan objetivar el tejido pulmonar no funcionante irrigado por circulación sistémica. El tratamiento de elección es la resección quirúrgica con ligadura de los vasos nutricios

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital abnormality. Most of them are asymptomatic but they can appear as recurrent respiratory infections. Radiological tests bring to light a non functioning mass of lung that receives its arterial blood supply from the systemic circulation. Treatment is made with a surgical resection by bonding the vascular supply

Tomografía Computada Multidetector en el paciente con síndrome coronario agudo / Multidetector computed tomography in patients with acute coronary syndrome

La tomografía computada multidetector es una técnica no invasiva que permite visualizar las arterias coronarias y detectar en ellas la presencia de lesiones. Los tiempos de adquisición son muy breves. La tomografía computada multicorte permite hacer un diagnóstico precoz de la presencia de arterosclerosis con un estudio en el que no se requiere la administración de contraste en el sistema circulatorio. En los pacientes con dolor torácico sospechoso de síndrome coronario agudo, la tomografía computada multidetector inmediata ayuda a dar de alta más rápidamente a los pacientes, reduciendo el costo de la asistencia. Los cuidados de enfermería en la realización del estudio son fundamentales para el buen fin de la prueba y tratamiento.

Multidetector computed tomography is a noninvasive technique to visualize the coronary arteries and detect in them the presence of lesions . The acquisition times are very short . Multislice computed tomography allows early diagnosis of the presence of atherosclerosis in a study in which contrast administration is required in the circulatory system. In patients with chest pain suspected of acute coronary syndrome , computed tomography multidetector immediate help to enlist patients more quickly , reducing the cost of care. Nursing care in the study are fundamental to the success of the testing and treatment.

Errores diagnósticos en los infiltrados radiológicos pulmonares / No disponible

No disponible

Pseudotumor inflamatorio: una causa poco frecuente de masa pulmonar / Inflammatory pseudomotor: a rare etiology of lung mass

No disponible

[Riboprobes: an alternative in the detection of viral sequences]. / Las ribosondas: una alternativa en la detección de secuencias virales.

The use of riboprobes for the detection of RNA viral sequences is analyzed. Subgenomic fragments of cDNA from poliovirus type 2, dengue virus type 4 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1, were inserted downstream SP6 and/or T7 promoters in the transcription vectors pGEM-4z or pSP64. RNAs obtained by in vitro transcription in the presence of UTP infinity (32P) were used as probes for the detection of RNA viral sequences from infected cell lines in slot and Northern blot assays. The poliovirus riboprobe (P2-221) was able to detect specific viral sequences; thus, it could be used for the detection of the virus in serum, as well as in residual waters. The human immunodeficiency virus riboprobe (HIV-378), detected viral sequences poly A+RNA from infected cells; thus it can be used as a confirmatory test or as a tool in basic research. Finally, the dengue virus riboprobes (D4-2819 and D4-1134) detected specifically dengue 4 virus; however the sensitivity of the detection could be significantly improved amplifying viral sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prior to probe hybridization.