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1.
Rev. psiquiatr. salud ment. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 11(2): 86-93, abr.-jun. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174308

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Pocas escalas se han validado en castellano para el riesgo suicida y en ninguna de ellas se ha hallado la validez predictiva. Objetivo. Determinar la validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck en pacientes con suicidabilidad que acuden a consulta especializada. Métodos. Se aplicaron la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck, el Inventario de Razones para Vivir y el Cuestionario de Comportamiento Suicida a pacientes con suicidabilidad que asistieron a consulta externa y urgencias. A los 30 días se realizó una valoración para determinar la validez predictiva del intento suicida o suicidio. Resultados. Se evaluaron 244 pacientes con una edad promedio de 30,7 años±13,2; la mayoría de ellos fueron mujeres. La consistencia interna de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck es de 0,9 (fórmula 20 de Kuder-Richardson). Se encontraron 4 dimensiones que explican el 50% de la varianza. Tuvo una correlación positiva con el Cuestionario de Comportamiento Suicida (Spearman 0,48, p<0,001), número de intentos suicidas (Spearman 0,25, p<0,001), y severidad del riesgo suicida (Spearman 0,23, p<0,001). La correlación con el Inventario de Razones para Vivir fue negativa (Spearman -0,52, p<0,001). Con un punto de corte ≥12 el valor predictivo negativo fue de 98,4% (IC 95%: 94,2-99,8), y el valor predictivo positivo fue de 14,8% (IC 95%: 6,6-27,1). Conclusión. La Escala de Desesperanza de Beck en pacientes colombianos con suicidabilidad presenta unas dimensiones similares a la versión original, con adecuada confiabilidad y moderada validez, tanto concurrente como predictiva


Introduction. Only a few scales have been validated in Spanish for the assessment of suicide risk, and none of them have achieved predictive validity. Objective. To determine the validity and reliability of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in patients with suicide risk attending the specialist clinic. Methods. The Beck Hopelessness Scale, reasons for living inventory, and the suicide behaviour questionnaire were applied in patients with suicide risk attending the psychiatric clinic and the emergency department. A new assessment was made 30 days later to determine the predictive validity of suicide or suicide attempt. Results. The evaluation included a total of 244 patients, with a mean age of 30.7±13.2 years, and the majority were women. The internal consistency was .9 (Kuder-Richardson formula 20). Four dimensions were found which accounted for 50% of the variance. It was positively correlated with the suicidal behaviour questionnaire (Spearman .48, P<.001), number of suicide attempts (Spearman .25, P<.001), severity of suicide risk (Spearman .23, P<.001). The correlation with the reasons for living inventory was negative (Spearman -52, P<.001). With a cut-off ≥12, the negative predictive value was 98.4% (95% CI: 94.2-99.8), and the positive predictive value was 14.8% (95% CI: 6.6-27.1). Conclusion. The Beck Hopelessness Scale in Colombian patients with suicidality shows results similar to the original version, with adequate reliability and moderate concurrent and predictive validity


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Suicidal Ideation , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors
2.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27914883

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Only a few scales have been validated in Spanish for the assessment of suicide risk, and none of them have achieved predictive validity. OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity and reliability of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in patients with suicide risk attending the specialist clinic. METHODS: The Beck Hopelessness Scale, reasons for living inventory, and the suicide behaviour questionnaire were applied in patients with suicide risk attending the psychiatric clinic and the emergency department. A new assessment was made 30 days later to determine the predictive validity of suicide or suicide attempt. RESULTS: The evaluation included a total of 244 patients, with a mean age of 30.7±13.2 years, and the majority were women. The internal consistency was .9 (Kuder-Richardson formula 20). Four dimensions were found which accounted for 50% of the variance. It was positively correlated with the suicidal behaviour questionnaire (Spearman .48, P<.001), number of suicide attempts (Spearman .25, P<.001), severity of suicide risk (Spearman .23, P<.001). The correlation with the reasons for living inventory was negative (Spearman -.52, P<.001). With a cut-off ≥12, the negative predictive value was 98.4% (95% CI: 94.2-99.8), and the positive predictive value was 14.8% (95% CI: 6.6-27.1). CONCLUSION: The Beck Hopelessness Scale in Colombian patients with suicidality shows results similar to the original version, with adequate reliability and moderate concurrent and predictive validity.


Subject(s)
Hope , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Suicide , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Colombia , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Assessment , Translations , Young Adult
3.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 40(4): 637-646, dic. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-636539

ABSTRACT

Introducción: A pesar de que en la mayoría de países el suicidio es más frecuente en Hombres, las mujeres lo intentan con mayor frecuencia. Tales diferencias se explican por la Letalidad del método, la búsqueda de ayuda, la aceptación de tratamientos, la impulsividad, el abuso sexual y el consumo de sustancias. Sin embargo, en el país los datos de los intentos y sociabilidad son limitados. Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias de sexo en una muestra De pacientes con sociabilidad. Método: Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada a 593 Pacientes consecutivos con sociabilidad que solicitaban ayuda en una clínica privada de Bucaramanga. Se utilizó el análisis bivariado y la regresión logística para establecer asociaciones. Resultados: 383 (64,6%) fueron mujeres y 210 (35,4%) hombres. La edad promedio De las mujeres fue de 31,9±14,1 y la de los hombres 33,8±15,1 años. El promedio de años De estudio en las mujeres fue de 10,7±4,0 y en los hombres 10,6±4,2, y todos los pacientes Pertenecían al régimen contributivo. El incremento en el uso de sustancias (OR=2,1; 1,18-3,7), el abuso de sustancias (OR=1,65; 1,01-2,7), el consumo de alcohol (OR=1,5; 1,04-2,3) y el acceso a medios suicidas (OR=3,5; 1,9-6,4) se asociaron a los hombres con sociabilidad. Conclusión: Las diferencias por sexo estuvieron en el incremento en el uso de sustancias, el abuso de sustancia, el consumo de alcohol y el acceso a medios suicidas...


Introduction: Although in most countries suicide is more common in men, women attempt it more often. These differences have been explained by the lethality of the method, seeking for help, and acceptance of treatments, impulsivity, sexual abuse, and substance use. However, data on suicide attempts are limited in our country. Objective: To determine gender differences in a sample of suicidal patients. Method: A semi-structured interview was conducted to 593 consecutive suicidal patients that requested help at a private clinic in Bucaramanga. We used bivariate and logistic regression to establish associations. Results: 383 (64.6%) were women and 210 (35.4%) were men. The average age of the women was 31.9 ± 14.1, for men it was 33.8 ± 15.1 years. The average years of schooling for the women was 10.7 ± 4.0 and 10.6 ± 4.2 for the men, and all patients belonged to the contributive health insurance regime. Increase in substance use (OR = 2.1; 1.18 to 3.7), substance abuse (OR = 1.65; 1.01 to 2.7), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.5; 1.04 - 2.3), and access to means of suicide (OR = 3.5; 1.9 to 6.4) were associated with male sociality. Conclusion: Gender differences were found in increased substance use, substance abuse, alcohol consumption, and access to means of suicide...


Subject(s)
Gender Identity , Risk Factors , Suicide , Suicide, Attempted
4.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 39(4): 683-692, dic. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-620213

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El suicidio es la tercera causa de muerte violenta en los adolescentes colombianos. En las últimas cuatro décadas del siglo XX, en Colombia y en el mundo las tasas de suicidio aumentaron en adolescentes. Son escasos los trabajos que comparan las características de los pacientes adolescentes con potencial suicida en Latinoamérica. Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias entre adolescentes y adultos con ideas o actitudes suicidas que acuden a una clínica privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Método: Se tomó una muestra consecutiva a pacientes con potencial suicida que acudieron a atención psiquiátrica. Se les realizó una entrevista semiestructurada que interrogaba sobre los principales factores de riesgo y protectores para suicidio. Se realizó una regresión logística tomando como variable dependiente la adolescencia y se ajustó por las variables de confusión. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 448 adultos y 85 menores de 18 años de edad. Los adolescentes presentaron una edad promedio de 15,2±1,5, y los adultos, 35,9±13,6 años. Los adolescentes fueron con mayor frecuencia mujeres, presentaron más intentos suicidas (OR=3,64; IC95%: 2,13-6,20), pero menos trastornos mentales severos (OR=0,42; 0,25-0,71). Conclusiones: Los adolescentes bumangueses con riesgo suicida fueron con mayor frecuencia mujeres, tuvieron mayor porcentaje de intentos suicidas y problemas mentales de menor gravedad que los adultos...


Introduction: Suicide is the third leading cause of violent death in Colombian adolescents. In the last four decades of the twentieth century adolescent suicide rates increased in Colombia and in the world. There are few studies comparing the characteristics of suicidal adolescent patients in Latin America. Objective: To determine the differences between suicidal adolescents and adults seen at the mental health services of a private clinic in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods: The sample consisted of all consecutive suicidal patients attending a clinic for psychiatric care. They all underwent a semistructured interview asking about demographic characteristics and major risk and protective factors for suicide. A logistic regression analysis was performed with adolescence as the dependent variable adjusted for confounding variables. Results: We interviewed 448 adults and 85 patients under 18. Adolescents had a mean age of 15.2±1.5 and adults 35.9 ± 13.6 years. Adolescents were more often female, had more suicide attempts (OR=3.64; 95%CI: 2.13-6.20), but less severe mental disorders (OR=0.42; 0.25-0.71). Conclusions: Colombian suicidal adolescents were more often female, with the highest percentage of suicide attempts, and with less severe mental health problems than adults...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Suicide , Suicide, Attempted
5.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 39(4): 705-715, dic. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-620215

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El suicidio es un problema de salud pública y es una de las tres primeras causas de muerte en jóvenes. El potencial suicida contribuye a la hospitalización y representa más de un tercio de las visitas anuales a los servicios de urgencias psiquiátricas. Los intentos repetidos se asocian con un riesgo elevado de obtener un desenlace fatal e incrementan los costos en salud. Su estudio es importante para la atención en suicidio. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo y protección para intento suicida en una población de pacientes con suicidabilidad que acude a consulta especializada en una clínica privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Método: Estudio de casos y controles. Los casos fueron los pacientes con suicidabilidad en quienes el motivo de consulta fue un intento suicida, y los controles, aquellos con suicidabilidad pero sin intento suicida. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística para ajustar por las variables de confusión. Resultados: Se encontraron como factores de riesgo para intento suicida el consumo de alcohol durante el último año (OR=2,01; 1,30-3,11) y los problemas familiares o de pareja (OR=2,16; 1,31-3,55); como factores protectores, la edad (OR=0,39; 0,22-0,69) y el tener hijos (OR=0,46: 0,29-0,73). Conclusiones: Los factoresprotectores y de riesgo para intento suicida en pacientes con suicidabilidad de Bucaramanga fueron similares a los informados previamente en la literatura...


Introduction: Suicide is a public health problem and is considered one of the top three causes of death in young population. Suicidality contributes to hospitalization and represents more than one third of the annual visits to psychiatric emergencies. Repeated suicide attempts are common and are associated with an increased risk of obtaining a fatal outcome, and also increase health care costs. Research is important to determine the best care in cases of attempted suicide. Objective: To determine the risk and protective factors for suicide attempts in a population of suicidal patients seen at the mental health services of a private clinic in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods: This is a case-control study. The cases were suicidal patients that attempted suicide and the controls were also suicidal patients but without suicide attempt. We performed a logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding variables. Results: Risk factors for attempted suicide were alcohol consumption during the last year (OR=2.01; 1.30-3.11) and family or marital problems (OR=2.16; 1.31-3.55). Protective factors were age (OR=0.39; 0.22-0.69) and having children (OR=0.46; 0.29-0.73). Conclusions: The risk and protective factors for suicide attempts in suicidal patients in Bucaramanga were similar to those reported in the literature...


Subject(s)
Suicide , Suicide, Attempted , Adult
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