ABSTRACT
During the nineties it was described, as an original finding, the existence of afferent amyelinic nerve endings in animal dorsal root ganglia (DRG) caused by diverse experimental lesions. These works do not take into account the historical studies carried out by Ehrlich (1886), Ramón y Cajal (1890) and Dogiel (1885) among others. Ramón y Cajal (1899) confirmed the existence of these nerve endings naming them after their discoverer as "Dogiel's arborisations". Ramón y Cajal claims that these endings originate from fibres of sympathetic nature, something supported by later authors devoted to this topic. In any case, the same authors remarked already a possible relationship with pathological phenomena, nonetheless always referring to the frequent occasions in which the same images appeared in healthy animals. In this work we review the bibliography about the classically named "Terminal Dogiel's nests" which in modern literature have been referred to as sprouting of sympathetic axons in dorsal root ganglia likely related with sympathetically maintained pain. Furthermore, we present the finding, not described up to date, of multiple afferent amyelinic nervous endings related with the "Terminal Dogiel's nests" observed in different DRG from young adult healthy rabbits.
Subject(s)
Ganglia, Spinal/cytology , Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology , Animals , Dendrites/physiology , Humans , Nerve Growth Factors/physiology , Norepinephrine/physiology , Peripheral Nerve InjuriesABSTRACT
The duct system of murine submandibular gland is composed, in contrast with other mammals, by four types of ducts, among which the granular duct is unique for rodents. The granular duct shows a typical secretory structure with a clear intersex morphological diversity on which we carried out a morphometrical study in order to determine the relative area of each duct in rats in comparison with the rest of ducts and the whole gland. Our results, in both sexes, show that the duct with the broadest surface is the granular duct, followed by the excretory, striated and the intercalated ducts. In addition, we found a significant intersex difference between the relative surface of the granular and the excretory ducts, being bigger in males than in females. Finally, in both sexes, there is a greater variation in the data related to the excretory ducts than to the other ducts.
Subject(s)
Submandibular Gland/metabolism , Submandibular Gland/pathology , Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sex Factors , SoftwareABSTRACT
Los importantes movimientos poblacionales y los viajes a países exóticos tan frecuentes en los tiempos modernos hacen que cada vez más a menudo el médico sea consultado sobre vacunaciones o medidas preventivas que un viajero debería recibir antes de emprender su viaje. Actualmente la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) sólo exige la vacunación de la Fiebre Amarilla cuando se viaje a zonas endémicas así como la vacuna antimeningocócica para entrar en Arabia Saudí, el resto de las vacunas disponibles serán recomendadas según el tipo de viaje y la situación del viajero (AU)
