ABSTRACT
Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial leaf blight in rice, and its global spread has been exacerbated by climate change. To understand the genetic diversity and virulence of B. glumae strains isolated from rice cultivars in Perú, 47 isolates were obtained from infected rice fields, all belonging to B. glumae, and confirmed by recA and toxB sequences. The BOX-PCR typing group has 38 genomic profiles, and these turn into seven variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) haplotypes. There was no correlation between clustering and geographical origin. Nineteen strains were selected for phenotypic characterization and virulence, using both the maceration level of the onion bulb proxy and inoculation of seeds of two rice cultivars. Several strains produced pigments other than toxoflavin, which correlated with onion bulb maceration. In terms of virulence at the seed level, all strains produced inhibition at the root and coleoptile level, but the severity of symptoms varied significantly between strains, revealing significant differences in pathogenicity. There is no correlation between maceration and virulence scores, probably reflecting different virulence mechanisms depending on the host infection stage. This is the first study to evaluate the VNTR diversity and virulence of Peruvian strains of B. glumae in two commercial cultivars.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: El síndrome de Moebius es una entidad rara que puede acompañarse de alteraciones que dificulten la anestesia, tales como dificultad de venoclisis, mayor incidencia de depresión respiratoria o de vía aérea difícil. En ocasiones se presenta de forma atípica y puede tener alteraciones del gen RyR con susceptibilidad a hipertermia maligna. Nuestro objetivo en este caso clínico es revisar la preparación necesaria para estos pacientes previa al acto anestésico y quirúrgico, centrándonos en la hipertermia maligna.
Abstract. Moebius syndrome is an uncommon illness that can be associated with different alterations related to anesthesia such as difficult peripheral venous catheterization, more respiratory failure incidence or difficult airway. When this syndrome is accompanied by atypical presentation it can be associated with RyR gen alterations and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Our objective with this case is to review which is the preparation required in order to a general anesthesia, focusing on malignant hyperthermia.
