ABSTRACT
During the years 1964 to 1970, 171 arboviruses of 15 different types were isolated from humans in Nigeria. Isolation rates were highest in 1969, and lowest in 1965 and 1967. Monthly arbovirus activity was highest in the rainy season months of June, July and August and lowest in the dry months of January and February. Viruses were isolated from all age groups, with the majority from children one to four years old. The viruses isolated in largest numbers were chikungunya and yellow fever, which caused epidemics in 1969, and dengue types 1 and 2 and Tataguine, which are endemic in Ibadan. Bwamba virus was isolated in 1964 and 1969, and Bunyamwera group viruses were encountered for the first time in 1969. Other viruses recovered less frequently were Zika, Igbo-Ora (an agent related to o'nyong-nyong), two viruses related to the Uganda mosquito virus Ug MP 359, Dugbe, Thogoto, Lebombo and Shuni. Several of these are new agents and have not previously been isolated from man. Clinical details are presented where available.
Subject(s)
Arbovirus Infections/virology , Arboviruses/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Arbovirus Infections/epidemiology , Arbovirus Infections/transmission , Arthropod Vectors , Blood/virology , Bunyamwera virus/isolation & purification , Cerebrospinal Fluid/virology , Chikungunya virus/isolation & purification , Child , Child, Preschool , Dengue Virus/isolation & purification , Female , Fever of Unknown Origin/virology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Nigeria , Rain , Seasons , Yellow fever virus/isolation & purification , Zika Virus/isolation & purificationSubject(s)
Virus Diseases/veterinary , Viruses/isolation & purification , Africa, Western , Animals , Arboviruses/isolation & purification , Carnivora , Chiroptera , Eulipotyphla , Gerbillinae , Haplorhini , Liver/microbiology , Mice , Papio , Poxviridae/isolation & purification , Rabbits , Rabies virus/isolation & purification , Rats , Reoviridae/isolation & purification , Rodentia , Semliki forest virus/isolation & purification , Spleen/microbiology , West Nile virus/isolation & purificationSubject(s)
Arbovirus Infections/epidemiology , Chikungunya virus , Adolescent , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Arbovirus Infections/diagnosis , Arbovirus Infections/immunology , Chikungunya virus/isolation & purification , Child , Child, Preschool , Complement Fixation Tests , Culicidae , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Nigeria , Seasons , Serologic Tests , WeatherSubject(s)
Rabies virus/classification , Animals , Antibodies, Viral , Antigens, Viral , Birds , Cattle , Ceratopogonidae , Chickens , Complement Fixation Tests , Disease Vectors , Eulipotyphla , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Haplorhini , Horses , Humans , Inclusion Bodies, Viral , Insect Vectors , Mice , Microscopy, Electron , Neutralization Tests , Nigeria , Rabies virus/isolation & purification , Rats , Sheep , SwineSubject(s)
Arboviruses/isolation & purification , Bird Diseases/microbiology , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Sheep Diseases/microbiology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral , Arboviruses/immunology , Bird Diseases/epidemiology , Birds , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Ceratopogonidae , Cross Reactions , Goats , Humans , Neutralization Tests , Nigeria , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/epidemiologySubject(s)
Animals, Domestic , Arboviruses/isolation & purification , Arthropod Vectors , Ticks , Animals , Cattle , Goats , Nigeria , SheepSubject(s)
Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary , Primates , Simplexvirus/isolation & purification , Animals , Brain/microbiology , Disease Outbreaks/epidemiology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Herpesviridae Infections/epidemiology , Herpesviridae Infections/mortality , Kidney , Mice , Neutralization Tests , Nigeria , Saliva/microbiology , Virus CultivationSubject(s)
Seizures/etiology , Virus Diseases/complications , Adenoviridae Infections/complications , Arbovirus Infections/complications , Child, Preschool , Coxsackievirus Infections/complications , Dengue/complications , Enterovirus Infections/complications , Female , Fever/etiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Nigeria , Virus Diseases/diagnosisSubject(s)
RNA Viruses/isolation & purification , Rabies virus/isolation & purification , Zoonoses , Animals , Birds , Brain/microbiology , Cattle , Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Chiroptera , Complement Fixation Tests , Female , Goats , Humans , Mice , Neutralization Tests , Sheep , Shrews , Swine , Virus Diseases/etiologySubject(s)
Dengue Virus/isolation & purification , Dengue/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Africa , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Complement Fixation Tests , Dengue Virus/classification , Humans , Infant , Mice , Neutralization Tests , NigeriaABSTRACT
Lagos bat virus and an isolate from shrews (IbAn 27377), both from Nigeria, were found to be bullet-shaped and to mature intracytoplasmically in association with a distinct matrix. They were related to, but readily distinguishable from, rabies virus and each other by complement fixation and neutralization tests. The three viruses, including rabies, form a subgrouping within the rhabdoviruses.