ABSTRACT
Pruritus is a frequent and difficult to treat problem in haemodialysis. This double-blind placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial assessed the role of homeopathic treatment in this situation. The code was held by the pharmacist who dispensed the medications. Pruritus was evaluated using a previously published scale. Only patients with initial values above 25% of maximum pruritus score were entered. Data were analysed after partial code break, separating the two groups of patients, but with no awareness of which one received verum or placebo. Patients were classified as responders if they had >50% reduction of pruritus score. Twenty-eight patients (16M/12F, 51 +/- 11 years of age) were entered and 20 (12M/8F, 52 +/- 8 years of age) remained for final analysis: 11 in the verum group, 9 in placebo. At entry, the mean pruritus score was 65 +/- 25% for the treated patients and 70 +/- 27% for placebo. After 15, 30, 45, and 60 days of follow-up, pruritus score were respectively: 46 +/- 29, 41 +/- 30, 42 +/- 29, and 38 +/- 33 for the treated patients and 61 +/- 29, 67 +/- 31, 64 +/- 35, and 57 +/- 39 for placebo. Reduction was statistically significant (P<0.05) at every point of observation. According to the patients' own assessment, at the end of the study period, the homeopathic treatment reduced the pruritus score by approximately 49%. Responders were more frequent in the treated group with statistical significance at 30 days (0% vs 45%, P=0.038). Homeopathic treatment may represent a worthwhile alternative to relieve pruritus in patients undergoing haemodialysis.
Subject(s)
Homeopathy/methods , Phytotherapy/methods , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Pruritus/therapy , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Adult , Brazil , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Pruritus/etiology , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
In a multicenter study, hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence was surveyed in six countries in Latin America in which in 12,000 subjects were stratified for age. The highest rates of seroprevalence were recorded in the Dominican Republic (89.0%) and Mexico (81.0%), with lower rates in Brazil (64.7%), Chile (58.1%), Venezuela (55.7%), and Argentina (55.0%). The seroprevalence of HAV in children between 1 and 5 years of age was less than 50%, except in the Dominican Republic. In the 5-10-year-old age group, seroprevalence rates have also decreased compared with previous reports. This suggests that the epidemiology is shifting from high to intermediate endemicity, with the population susceptible to HAV infection shifting from children to adolescents and adults. Furthermore, data from Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico show that HAV seroprevalence is significantly lower in people living in medium and high socioeconomic conditions. This study suggests the need for appropriate vaccination programs to be implemented targeting children, adolescents, and adults, particularly in higher socioeconomic groups.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis A/epidemiology , Hepatovirus/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hepatitis A Antibodies , Hepatitis Antibodies/blood , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Infant , Latin America/epidemiology , Male , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Sex Distribution , Social ClassABSTRACT
Houve 8.172 internamentos na Maternidade Prof. Monteiro de Moraes no ano de 1979.Destes, 6305 foram partos, dos quais, 935 cesareas. Houve 1.230 abortamentos correspondendo tal cifra a 19,5% do numero total de partos. Nos 6.305 partos havidos foram identificadas as seguintes ocorrencias obstetricas com os respectivos percentuais gravidez serotina 464 (7,4%); macrossomia fetal 364 (5,8%); eclampsia 33 (0,5%); apresentacao pelvica 202 (3,2%); descolamento prematuro da placenta normalmente inserida 53 (0,8%); placenta previa 43 (0,7%); rotura de utero 6 (0,09%); infeccao puerperal 113 (1,8%); parto gemelar 63 (1,0%) e 16 casos de prenhez ectopica representando 0,2% do total de gravidezes. O obituario materno foi de 14,87% e o perinatal 40%
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Cesarean Section , Parturition , Pregnancy ComplicationsABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino com 20 anos de idade, e historia de policirurgia. Sao discutidos os aspectos psicodinamicos do seu relacionamento familiar e enfatizados os achados psicopatologicos do caso. Foi ressaltada tambem a importancia de visao psicossomatica
