ABSTRACT
In this study, we describe the genetic features of an XDR KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate by using whole-genome sequencing, its clinical-epidemiological context and susceptibility against antimicrobial combinations. The isolate belongs to clonal complex 258 and harbors several acquired genes and mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance.
Subject(s)
Azabicyclo Compounds/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Ceftazidime/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genetics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Brazil , Chromosomes, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Combinations , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plasmids/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Through a continuous bacteriological monitoring programme carried out by the Health Secretariat of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, two isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa were discovered in an endemic area in 2001, during a cholera inactive period, along with six V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains and two Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria strains showing an unusual characteristic of agglutination with O1 antiserum. Between that time and 2005, eight other O1 isolates were found. The virulence genes present in the V. cholerae differed among strains, with only three O1 strains harboring the ctxA gene. The O1 and some non-O1/non-O139 strains displayed identical patterns of amplification of the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region. RAPD of the 10 V. cholerae O1 strains, with the two primers used, revealed heterogeneity. The presence of V. cholerae carrying virulence genes in the aquatic basins examined confirms that they constitute a vibrio reservoir during a cholera inactive period, thus strengthening the argument for a continuous monitoring programme and preventative measures for cholera, mainly in the areas where the supply of drinking water is deficient.
Subject(s)
Cholera/microbiology , Vibrio cholerae O1/isolation & purification , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/isolation & purification , Water Microbiology , Brazil , Cholera/epidemiology , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Epidemiological Monitoring , Genotype , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Vibrio cholerae O1/genetics , Vibrio cholerae O1/pathogenicity , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/genetics , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/pathogenicity , Virulence/geneticsABSTRACT
An acute diarrhea outbreak, with 2170 cases, was described during January to July, 2004, in São Bento do Una, Pernambuco. 582 stools were examined and an enteric pathogen was recovered in 25% (145 patients). Aeromonas species were the most frequent (114-19.5%) and the main isolates were Aeromonas caviae (57-9.8%), Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria (23-3.9%), Aeromonas veronii biovar veronii (15-2.6%) and other species (19-3.2%). The other isolated enteropathogens were Vibrio cholerae O1-Ogawa toxigenic (18-3.1%), Salmonella spp (8-1.4%), Shigella spp (3-0.5%) and Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (2-0.3%).
Subject(s)
Aeromonas/isolation & purification , Diarrhea/microbiology , Disease Outbreaks , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Aeromonas/classification , Age Distribution , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Feces/microbiology , Female , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
No primeiro semestre de 2004, ocorreu um surto de diarréia em São Bento do Una, Pernambuco, registrando-se 2.170 casos. Nas 582 coproculturas realizadas, 145 (25 por cento) revelaram um enteropatógeno bacteriano, destacando 114 casos (19,5 por cento) com a participacão de Aeromonas, representadas por Aeromonas caviae (57/9,8 por cento), Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria (23/3,9 por cento), Aeromonas veronii biovar veronii (15/2,6 por cento) e outras espécies (19/3,2 por cento). Nos 31 episódios restantes (5,3 por cento), foram detectados: V. cholerae O1 Ogawa toxigênico (18/3,1 por cento), Salmonella spp (8/1,4 por cento), Shigella spp (3/0,5 por cento) e Vibrio cholerae não O1/não O139 (2/0,3 por cento).
