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1.
Molecules ; 28(20)2023 Oct 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37894697

ABSTRACT

Solubility is one of the most important physicochemical properties due to its involvement in physiological (bioavailability), industrial (design) and environmental (biotoxicity) processes, and in this regard, cosolvency is one of the best strategies to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs in aqueous systems. Thus, the aim of this research is to thermodynamically evaluate the dissolution process of triclocarban (TCC) in cosolvent mixtures of {N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) + water (W)} at seven temperatures (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K). Solubility is determined by UV/vis spectrophotometry using the flask-shaking method. The dissolution process of the TCC is endothermic and strongly dependent on the cosolvent composition, achieving the minimum solubility in pure water and the maximum solubility in NMP. The activity coefficient decreases from pure water to NMP, reaching values less than one, demonstrating the excellent positive cosolvent effect of NMP, which is corroborated by the negative values of the Gibbs energy of transfer. In general terms, the dissolution process is endothermic, and the increase in TCC solubility may be due to the affinity of TCC with NMP, in addition to the water de-structuring capacity of NMP generating a higher number of free water molecules.

2.
Rev. colomb. ciencias quim. farm ; 45(2): 256-274, ene.-mayo 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-830312

ABSTRACT

The thermodynamic properties of the 3-chloro-N-phenyl-phthalimide in acetone + methanol cosolvent mixtures were obtained from solubility data report in literature. The solubility was higher in near acetone and lower in pure methanol at all temperatures studied. A non-linear plot of ∆solnH° vs. ∆solnG° shows a negative slope from pure acetone up to x1 = 0.691. Beyond this composition, a variable positive slope is obtained with the exception of mixtures with x1 = 0.121, x1 = 0.272 and x1 = 0.356 which is a not common trend in these systems. The preferential solvation of 3-chloro-N-phenyl-phthalimide by the components of the solvents was estimated by means of the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integral method, showing the 3-chloro-Nphenyl-phthalimide is preferential solvated by methanol in more polar mixtures and by acetone in less polar ones.


Las propiedades termodinámicas de 3-cloro-N-fenil-ftalimida en mezclas cosolventes acetona + metanol fueron obtenidas a partir de los datos de solubilidad reportados en la literatura. La mayor solubilidad se presentó en acetona y la menor en metanol puro en todas las temperaturas estudiadas. La grafica ΔsolnH° vs. ΔsolnG° presenta una tendencia no lineal, con una pendiente negativa desde la acetona pura hasta x1 = 0,691 a partir de esta composición hasta el metanol puro se obtiene una pendiente positiva variable con la excepción de las mezclas con x1 = 0,121, x1 = 0,272 y x1 = 0,356, la cual es una tendencia poco común en estos sistemas. La solvatación preferencial de 3-cloro-N-fenil-ftalimida por cada uno de los solventes de la mezcla se estimó por medio del método de las integrales inversas de Kirkwood-Buff mostrando que la 3-cloro-N-fenil-ftalimida se solvata preferencialmente por metanol en las mezclas más polares y por acetona en las menos polares.

3.
Rev. colomb. ciencias quim. farm ; 44(2): 220-235, mayo-ago. 2015. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-765587

ABSTRACT

Los parámetros de solvatación preferencial, es decir, las diferencias entre la fracción molar local y de la solución de los solventes en solución de naringina se derivan de su solubilidad en mezclas cosolventes mediante el método de las integrales inversas de Kirkwood-Buff. Según el método IKBI, la naringina es sensible a los efectos específicos de solvatación según la composición cosolvente, por lo que el parámetro de solvatación preferencial por δx1,3, es negativo en mezclas ricas en agua y en mezclas ricas en etanol, pero positivo en composiciones entre 0,24 y 0,40 en fracción molar de etanol. Esto podría demostrar el papel relevante de hidratación hidrofóbica alrededor de los grupos no polares en la solvatación de fármacos en mezclas ricas en agua. Por otro lado, en mezclas de composiciones cosolventes intermedias, el fármaco es solvatado principalmente por etanol, posiblemente debido al comportamiento básico de la mezcla cosolvente; mientras que en mezclas ricas en etanol, la solvatación preferencial por el agua podría deberse al carácter ácido del agua.


The preferential solvation parameters, i.e., the differences between the local and bulk mole fractions of the solvents in solutions of naringin is derived from their solubility in binary solvent mixtures by means of the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integral (IKBI) method. According to IKBI method it is found that naringin is sensitive to solvation effects, so the preferential solvation parameter by ethanol δx1,3, is negative in waterrich and ethanol-rich mixtures but positive in compositions from 0.24 to 0.40 in mole fraction of ethanol. This could demonstrate the relevant role of hydrophobic hydration around the non-polar groups in the drug solvation in water-rich mixtures. Otherwise, in mixtures of intermediate co-solvent compositions, the drug is mainly solvated by ethanol, probably due to the basic behavior of the co-solvents; whereas, in ethanol-rich mixtures, the preferential solvation by water could be due to the acidic behavior of water.

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