ABSTRACT
The therapeutic benefits of allopurinol pretreatment in renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury were investigated by monitoring renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and ATP levels together with calculated MDA/ATP ratio in ischaemic (45 min) and reperfused (15 min) rat kidneys. MDA levels remained unchanged during ischaemia, but increased after the subsequent reperfusion. ATP content of the ischaemic kidney was decreased significantly and the recovery of ATP was incomplete after the reperfusion, whereas the MDA/ATP ratio increased at both periods. Allopurinol pretreatment (40 mg kg(-1) iv) maintained higher ATP levels during the ischaemia and inhibited the MDA formation during the reperfusion and decreased the MDA/ATP ratio at both periods. Our findings demonstrate that allopurinol exerts a biphasic protective action by preserving tissue ATP and by inhibiting lipid peroxidation during ischaemia and the reperfusion period, respectively. These findings suggest the selective involvement of two protective mechanisms in the different periods of renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. The MDA/ATP ratio could be a useful parameter for monitoring these protective actions of allopurinol simultaneously.
Subject(s)
Allopurinol/therapeutic use , Kidney Diseases/drug therapy , Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Animals , Male , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
The effect of 2-chloroadenosine, stable adenosine analog, and deoxycoformycin, adenosine deaminase inhibitor on brain ATP level and Na-K ATPase activity in ischemia were studied. The brain ATP level was increased after we administered both 2-chloroadenosine and deoxycoformycin, but Na-K ATPase activity did not change after deoxycoformycin. The results suggest that 2-chloroadenosine treatment influenced both the ATP production and membrane permeability due to cerebral ischemia. Deoxycoformycin did not protect the membrane permeability, although it increased the ATP production.
Subject(s)
2-Chloroadenosine/pharmacology , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism , Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Pentostatin/pharmacology , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , 2-Chloroadenosine/therapeutic use , Adenosine Deaminase/physiology , Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors , Animals , Brain Damage, Chronic/etiology , Brain Damage, Chronic/prevention & control , Brain Ischemia/complications , Brain Ischemia/metabolism , Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Female , Gerbillinae , Male , Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use , Pentostatin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
T1. The effect of 2-chloroadenosine, an adenosine analogue, on brain ATP level and Na,K ATPase activity in ischemia and reperfusion was studied. 2. Na,K ATPase activity decreased in both ischemia and reperfusion. Although the ATP level decreased in ischemia, it increased with reperfusion (P < 0.05). 3. It is concluded that 2-chloroadenosine treatment influenced ATP production and Na,K ATPase activity in ischemia and reperfusion (P < 0.05).
Subject(s)
2-Chloroadenosine/pharmacology , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism , Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Animals , Brain/enzymology , Brain Ischemia/metabolism , Female , Gerbillinae , Male , Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists , ReperfusionABSTRACT
An experimental comparative study on isolated guinea pig lungs has been undertaken to determine the probable beneficial effects of adding selenium to pulmonary preservation solutions in lung ischemia. The isolated lungs (n = 10 in each group) previously being perfused by oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit solution were put in normothermic ischemic conditions just after the infusion of 30 ml of pulmonary preservation solution (Euro-Collins in the control group, Euro-Collins plus selenium 10(-3) mol in the experiment group). After 3 hours of normothermic ischemia the lungs were reperfused with the same buffer for 20 minutes. Pulmonary artery pressures, tissue malondialdehyde levels, and adenosine deaminase levels of the perfusate were measured before and after the ischemic period and also at the end of reperfusion. An electron microscopic analysis was performed on the lung tissues at the end of the experimental procedure. According to our data, the addition of selenium to pulmonary preservation solution showed a significant protective effect regarding both ischemic and reperfusion injury.
Subject(s)
Lung/blood supply , Lung/drug effects , Organ Preservation/methods , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Selenium/pharmacology , Adenosine Deaminase/analysis , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Ischemia/metabolism , Ischemia/pathology , Male , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Pulmonary Artery/physiology , Reperfusion Injury/metabolismABSTRACT
1. The effect of glyburide treatment on glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione levels of non-insulin diabetic rats has been studied. 2. Hepatic glutathione and glutathione peroxidase concentrations were significantly reduced in diabetic animals. 3. Glyburide treatment of diabetic rats for 4 weeks corrected the changes on the glutathione levels observed in diabetic liver. 4. High blood glucose levels of untreated diabetic rats were decreased following glyburide treatment as well. 5. Administration of glyburide to diabetic rats reversed the diabetes-induced changes suggesting that glyburide may directly increase liver glutathione concentrations.
