ABSTRACT
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly being used as an adjunct to ultrasound. It allows for better visualization of in utero brain development and intracranial abnormalities (especially cerebral malformations). Hypothalamic hamartoma is a nonneoplastic malformation resembling normal hypothalamic tissue both histologically and on magnetic resonance imaging. Although it is rare, this entity is important to recognize for appropriate management and genetic counseling. We describe a unique patient in whom magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain allowed a prenatal diagnosis of Pallister-Hall syndrome.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/pathology , Hamartoma/pathology , Hypothalamus/embryology , Hypothalamus/pathology , Pallister-Hall Syndrome/pathology , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/etiology , Female , Hamartoma/diagnosis , Hamartoma/etiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Pallister-Hall Syndrome/complications , Pallister-Hall Syndrome/diagnosis , Pregnancy , Prenatal Diagnosis/methodsABSTRACT
OBJECT: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of myelography using flat-panel detector-based computed tomography (fpCT) in 5 patients in whom the image quality of multislice CT (MSCT) or MR imaging was limited by metal artifacts. METHODS: The application of fpCT to myelographic imaging of the lumbar spine and cervicothoracic junction after surgery was feasible. Multiplanar, preferably sagittal, and 3D reconstructions adequately depicted disc space implants and provided high resolution images of osseous structures. RESULTS: The images obtained with fpCT allowed evaluation of anatomical details such as single nerve roots and proved especially valuable in a patient with impaired MR imaging results caused by metal artifacts from an intraoperative abrasion. In a case of recurrent disc herniation, imaging results of myelographic fpCT and MSCT scanning were in good agreement. CONCLUSIONS: The novel imaging technique the authors describe yielded adequate results in patients with a history of spinal surgery, may be superior to MSCT scanning in depicting osseous structures and metallic implants, and has the potential to provide multilevel spinal images. Myelographic fpCT scanning may be the preferred modality in patients with expected or known metal artifacts on myelographic MSCT scans and/or MR images.
Subject(s)
Intervertebral Disc Displacement/diagnostic imaging , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/surgery , Myelography , Spine/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Artifacts , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Feasibility Studies , Female , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Low Back Pain/diagnostic imaging , Low Back Pain/surgery , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , Thoracic Vertebrae/diagnostic imagingSubject(s)
Angioplasty , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery , Aortic Dissection/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Dissection/surgery , Aortic Rupture/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Rupture/surgery , Back Pain/etiology , Dyspnea/etiology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Stents , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Aged , Humans , Male , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Introducing gas to the circulation is a largely iatrogenic problem which can result in serious morbidity and even death. We report a case of CT-guided needle biopsy of a pulmonary lesion complicated by acute stroke. The English literature on cerebral air embolism is reviewed, including an update of current opinions on its pathomechanism, diagnostic findings, therapeutic strategies, and means of prevention.
Subject(s)
Biopsy, Needle/adverse effects , Cough/complications , Embolism, Air/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Stroke/etiology , Biopsy, Needle/methods , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Embolism, Air/diagnostic imaging , Embolism, Air/therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hyperbaric Oxygenation/methods , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Positron-Emission Tomography , Radiography, Interventional/adverse effects , Risk Assessment , Stroke/diagnostic imaging , Stroke/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Aneurysm, False/diagnostic imaging , Aneurysm, False/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Salvage Therapy/adverse effects , Splenic Artery/diagnostic imaging , Wounds, Stab/complications , Adult , Aneurysm, False/etiology , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Humans , Male , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography , Wounds, Stab/diagnostic imaging , Wounds, Stab/surgeryABSTRACT
Development of the aorta takes place during the third week of gestation. It is a complex process that can lead to a variety of congenital variants and pathological anomalies. In diagnostic and interventional radiology, knowledge of aortic abnormalities and variant branching sequence is crucially important. This article gives a systematic overview of anatomical variability of the aorta.
