Phenolic Compound Profiles, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Potentials and Molecular Docking Studies of Astragalus gymnolobus Methanolic Extracts.

Since Astragalus is a genus with many important medicinal plant species, the present work aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and some biological activities of Astragalus gymnolobus. The methanolic fractions of four organs (stems, flowers, leaves, root and whole plant) were quantified and identified by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Hesperidin, hyperoside, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid and p-coumaric acid were identified as main compounds among the extracts. Among all cells, leaf methanol (Lm) extract had the highest cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells (IC50 = 0.069 µg/mL). Hesperidin, the most abundant compound in A. gymnolobus extract, was found to show a strong negative correlation with the cytotoxic effect observed in HeLa cells according to Pearson correlation test results and to have the best binding affinity to targeted proteins by docking studies. The antimicrobial activity results indicated that the most susceptible bacterium against all extracts was identified as Streptococcus pyogenes with 9-11 mm inhibition zone and 8192 mg/mL MIC value. As a result of the research, it was suggested that A. gymnolobus could be considered as a promising source that contributes to the fight against cancer.

Development and Validation of a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode-array Detection Method for the Determination of Eight Phenolic Constituents in Extracts of Different Wine Species.

OBJECTIVES: A new HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of some phenolic compounds; gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin, caffeic acid, vanillin, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and quercetin in some local wine and fruit wine samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analyses were performed on a Zorbax Eclipse C18 column (4.6 x 150 mm, 3.5-µm particle size) using a gradient system. Mobile phase A was a 10-mM phosphoric acid solution and mobile phase B was methanol using a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Phenolic components were monitored using a DAD at three different wavelengths. RESULTS: The developed and validated method was generally linear between the 1-100 ppm concentration range. Recovery values were obtained in the range of 95-105% and repetitive. The method was successfully applied to investigate the phenolic profiles of different wine samples. CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, an accurate, sensitive and reliable HPLC-DAD method was developed. The method was successfully used to determine the concentrations of antioxidant phenolic constituents from some local wine extracts.