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1.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 31(4): 1127-1131, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29254325

ABSTRACT

When splinting multiple implants passive fit of the framework should be achieved to avoid excessive force distribution on the implants. Recently, a protocol was suggested for immediate loading of multiple implants by welding a titanium bar to implant abutments directly in the oral cavity so as to create a customized, precise and passive metal-reinforced provisional restoration. The intraoral welding technique subsequently proves to be a successful option in the full-arch immediate restorations of the mandible and maxilla. The aim of this article is to present a case report in which a new prosthetic approach, using trans-mucosal implants, is described. Dental implants are instantly loaded with a provisional prosthesis supported by an intraoral welded titanium framework to obtain a precise passive fit of the immediate loaded prosthesis.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Mandible/surgery , Maxilla/surgery , Titanium , Welding/methods , Adult , Humans , Male , Osseointegration/physiology , Treatment Outcome
2.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 31(2): 517-521, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28685561

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study is to define the optimal thread form and why the macroscopic shape of the dental intra-osseous implant interacts with the biological environment thus conditioning its lifespan and long-term success.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Materials Testing , Animals , Humans
3.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 31(2): 523-528, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28685562

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to determine in an experimental way through mechanical tests the static, fatigue and torque resistance of two types of implant/abutment connectors with diameters of 3.4–5.2 mm.


Subject(s)
Dental Abutments , Stress, Mechanical , Humans
4.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol ; 26(2): 549-56, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23755773

ABSTRACT

In this article, the authors describe their experience with using cortical deantigenated equine bone sheets in sinus lift grafting procedures performed on 23 patients. The technique employed resembles that described by Tulasne but avoids the need for using harvested calvaria bone and introduces some additional operating variants. The use of heterologous cortical bone sheets effectively managed even large lacerations of the Schneiderian membrane and allowed for immediate stabilization of the heterologous bone granules. Average histomorphometric values for bone cores collected six months after grafting, at the time of implant placement, were: newly formed bone tissue, residual bone substitute, medullary spaces. At seven year follow-up, clinical and radiographic examination indicated that the use of the bone sheets preserved the regenerated bone volume. In conclusion, the use of heterologous cortical bone sheets in association with granular bone graft material enabled long-term stabilization of the graft material and effective management of intra-surgical complications.


Subject(s)
Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use , Maxillary Sinus/surgery , Osseointegration , Sinus Floor Augmentation/methods , Animals , Horses , Humans , Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Maxillary Sinus/physiopathology , Radiography , Sinus Floor Augmentation/adverse effects , Time Factors , Transplantation, Heterologous , Treatment Outcome
5.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 26(2 Suppl): 9-17, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23164322

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the microbiota around natural teeth and dental implants with different restorative platforms. Attention was focused on whether the microbiological environment could change according to the implant platform used i.e. traditional or Platform Switching implants. As the latter show less signs of bone resorption, a correlation with the presence of certain periodontal bacteria was suggested. METHODS: Seven partially edentulous patients with dental implants, either traditional or Platform Switching, were included in this study. All the implants were in function at least for 1 year. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were obtained before any periodontal probing from natural teeth and different implant platforms and assayed using DNA extraction and PCR sequences in order to determine quality and quantity of microbiota. Statistical analysis included chi square test were used to establish differences in the microbiological distribution between the two implant platforms. RESULTS: There were not statistical differences neither regarding the distribution of microbiota around natural teeth and implants nor between the two implant platforms. The presence of B.forsythus was revealed in the majority of the samples (from 90 to 100 percent) while A.actinomycetemcomitans was rarely found (from 0 o 25 percent). As for the other periodontal microbiota, their presence or absence showed a variation according to different sites or patients, without a predictable pattern. CONCLUSIONS: It was not possible to find a link between the colonization of certain types of bacteria and the reduction of bone loss which occurs around Platform Switching implants. Therefore the preservation of bone crest is only due to biomechanical aspects, which are related to the reposition of the implant-abutment interface away from the outer edge of the implant platform and from the bone.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/microbiology , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolation & purification , Bacteroides/isolation & purification , Humans , Microbiota
6.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol ; 21(4): 845-9, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19144270

ABSTRACT

Salivary levels of alpha-defensins 1-4 and histatins 1, 3 and 5 were determined in 11 totally edentulous patients, 11 younger healthy adults with normal gingival mucosa (Control group I) and 8 subjects, age-matched with edentulous patients, having a minimum of 25 teeth (Control group II). Whole saliva was treated with trifluoroacetic acid and the acidic soluble fraction analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The area of the extracted ion current peaks was used for peptide quantification. Levels of alpha-defensins1-4, but not of histatins, were significantly lower in totally edentulous patients with respect to both Control group I and Control group II. The two control groups did not show significant differences. The reduced level of oral alpha-defensins, which are mainly of crevicular origin, is most likely due to the absence of the gingival sulcus in the edentulous subjects. The near absence of alpha- defensins might be in part responsible for the higher vulnerability of the oral cavity to oral pathogen infections observed in totally edentulous patients.


Subject(s)
Mouth, Edentulous/metabolism , Saliva/metabolism , alpha-Defensins/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Humans , Middle Aged
8.
Clin Oral Implants Res ; 12(5): 423-32, 2001 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11564101

ABSTRACT

Initial stability of the implant is one of the fundamental criteria for obtaining osseointegration. An adequate primary anchorage is often difficult to achieve in low density bone (type IV). Various surgical suggestions were advanced in the 1980s which were aimed at achieving optimal osseous integration in poor quality bone. They offered satisfactory short-term results. Recently, as a result of surgical and technological innovations, new therapeutic proposals have shown very interesting results in their initial studies.


Subject(s)
Bone Density , Dental Implants , Osseointegration , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/instrumentation , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Prosthesis Design , Humans , Jaw, Edentulous/diagnostic imaging , Jaw, Edentulous/surgery , Osteotomy/instrumentation , Osteotomy/methods , Surface Properties , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment Outcome
9.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res ; 3(2): 111-8, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11472658

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This prospective multicenter study evaluates the cumulative success rate of the Osseotite implant after 3 years of prosthetic loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 413 Osseotite implants (Implant Innovations) were placed in 142 patients (completely or partially edentulous) in five dental offices exclusively devoted to implants. The average age of the patients was 58.3 years. Of the 413 implants, 191 were placed in the maxilla and 222 in the mandible; 271 (65.6%) were posterior implants and 142 (34.4%) were anterior implants. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were made after completion of the prosthetic restoration, after 6 months of loading, at 1 year, and at 3 years. RESULTS: A cumulative success rate of 95.3% was obtained after 3 years of prosthetic loading. The success rate was similar in both arches: 95.1% in the maxilla and 96.8% in the mandible. Early failures (before prosthetic loading) were greater (n = 12) than late failures (n = 2). After 3 years of prosthetic loading, the marginal bone level of 385 (93.2%) implants were evaluated radiographically. Bone level was at the first thread for 91.4% of the implants. A slightly increased loss was observed around 26 implants (6.7%). Including survival implants, the cumulative implant success rate after 3 years was 96%. A success rate of 98.4% was obtained with 187 short implants (8, 5 and 10 mm) reported in this multicenter evaluation. CONCLUSION: This multicenter evaluation demonstrates excellent predictability for Osseotite implants.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis Design , Adult , Aged , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Dental Prosthesis Retention , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Dental Restoration Failure , Female , Humans , Jaw, Edentulous/rehabilitation , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
10.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants ; 16(1): 52-60, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11280362

ABSTRACT

This multicenter prospective clinical evaluation was undertaken to determine the therapeutic success and marginal bone level stability of 3i's self-tapping and ICE implants after 3 years of prosthetic loading. Between July 1995 and June 1996, 189 completely or partially edentulous patients were treated with 614 machined-surface screw-type commercially pure titanium implants (self-tapping or ICE). Two hundred seventy-seven self-tapping implants were placed in 85 patients (average age of 56 years), and 337 ICE implants were placed in 104 patients (average age of 61 years). A total of 360 implants (58.6%) were placed in posterior segments. Easier placement was reported with the ICE implant in normal or dense bone. For the self-tapping implants, survival rates of 92.9% and 91.6% were noted after 1 and 3 years of prosthetic loading, respectively. Survival rates of 95.4% and 93.8% were obtained with the ICE implant for the same periods. Late failures (after loading) were more common than early failures (before loading) for both types of implants. The marginal bone level of 238 self-tapping implants (85.9%) and of 307 ICE implants (91%) was radiographically evaluated at 3 years. Marginal bone level was at the first thread for 95.1% of implants. A loss of marginal bone level of 2 to 4 threads was noted for 4.9% of the evaluated implants. No implant showed bone loss greater than the fourth thread. Overall survival rates of 94.3% and 92.9% were obtained after 1 and 3 years of prosthetic loading, respectively, for 596 and 588 implants.


Subject(s)
Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis Design , Adult , Aged , Alveolar Bone Loss/diagnostic imaging , Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Dental Restoration Failure , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Jaw, Edentulous/diagnostic imaging , Jaw, Edentulous/rehabilitation , Jaw, Edentulous/surgery , Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/diagnostic imaging , Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/rehabilitation , Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/surgery , Middle Aged , Osseointegration , Prospective Studies , Radiography , Stress, Mechanical , Surface Properties , Survival Analysis , Titanium , Treatment Outcome
11.
Pract Proced Aesthet Dent ; 13(9): 761-7; quiz 768, 721-2, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11862927

ABSTRACT

Proper treatment planning and precise evaluation of various parameters (e.g., bone volume, soft tissues, dental anatomy, surgical and prosthetic components) are crucial for an aesthetic implant restoration. The three-stage approach of the emergence profile concept guides the selection of implant, healing abutment, and provisional prosthesis. Adaptation of the implant, provisional prosthesis, and crown restoration stages and their harmonious integration with the soft tissues enable the development of an optimal aesthetic result. This article demonstrates the incorporation of the emergence profile concept for aesthetic implant placement.


Subject(s)
Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Implants , Esthetics, Dental , Patient Care Planning , Crowns , Dental Abutments , Dental Prosthesis Design , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Humans , Jaw/pathology , Periodontium/pathology , Surface Properties , Treatment Outcome , Wound Healing
12.
Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent ; 20(4): 412-22, 2000 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11203581

ABSTRACT

The longevity of teeth depends directly on the state of the periodontal tissues. Many etiologic factors can lead to the loss of a tooth. Tooth loss is frequently associated with bone resorption. The diagnosis of a condition and knowledge of its etiology are essential to assess the prognosis of the remaining teeth and to formulate the correct treatment plan. Many parameters must be investigated to ascertain an accurate diagnosis. An understanding of the patient's needs and the length and likely success of treatment guides the decision of whether to preserve teeth or extract them and place implants. Advanced periodontitis poses a major therapeutic dilemma. Judicious, strategic extractions may permit the placement of long implants in ideal positions.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Tooth Loss/prevention & control , Alveolar Bone Loss/surgery , Alveolar Bone Loss/therapy , Decision Making , Humans , Patient Care Planning , Periodontal Diseases/surgery , Periodontitis/surgery , Periodontitis/therapy , Prognosis , Tooth Extraction , Tooth Loss/etiology , Treatment Outcome
13.
J Esthet Dent ; 12(4): 186-94, 2000.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11323862

ABSTRACT

The choice of implant diameter depends on the type of edentulousness, the volume of the residual bone, the amount of space available for the prosthetic reconstruction, the emergence profile, and the type of occlusion. Small-diameter implants are indicated in specific clinical situations, for example, where there is reduced interradicular bone or a thin alveolar crest, and for the replacement of teeth with small cervical diameter. Before using a small-diameter implant, the biomechanical risk factors must be carefully analyzed. Preliminary reports of this type of implant show good short- and medium-term results.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis Design , Alveolar Bone Loss/rehabilitation , Biomechanical Phenomena , Bone Density , Contraindications , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Dental Stress Analysis , Humans , Odontometry , Tooth/anatomy & histology
14.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res ; 1(2): 105-12, 1999.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11359297

ABSTRACT

In mandibular posterior sextants an insufficient bone quality or volume may contraindicate implant placement. Crestal bone resorption, supra-eruption of teeth, and minimal bone coronal to the mandibular canal are the principal reasons for not placing dental implants. The available prosthetic space is also a major factor in determining surgical and prosthetic treatment. Various surgical approaches are used to create adequate bone volume in the posterior mandible, thereby allowing the possibility for implant placement. The therapeutic choice is made depending upon residual bone volume and available prosthetic space. The risks and disadvantages of the various techniques must be seriously evaluated and explained to the patient.


Subject(s)
Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Alveolar Bone Loss/surgery , Alveolar Ridge Augmentation , Bone Transplantation , Crown Lengthening , Female , Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal , Humans , Male , Mandible , Middle Aged , Molar
15.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants ; 12(2): 252-8, 1997.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9109277

ABSTRACT

This report presents the case of a teenager affected by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and rehabilitated with a fixed maxillary partial prosthesis and mandibular overdenture supported by osseointegrated implants. Treatment had a major impact on patient's self-esteem, function, and esthetics.


Subject(s)
Anodontia/rehabilitation , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Dental Implants , Ectodermal Dysplasia/rehabilitation , Adolescent , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Denture, Complete, Lower , Denture, Overlay , Denture, Partial, Fixed , Ectodermal Dysplasia/genetics , Esthetics, Dental , Humans , Incisor/abnormalities , Male , Mandible/surgery , Maxilla/surgery , Osseointegration , Patient Satisfaction , Self Concept
16.
Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent ; 15(6): 562-73, 1995 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9601254

ABSTRACT

Of concern with the use of preangled abutments on implants is the transmission of masticatory forces and the angle at which they occur. Nineteen endosseous implants were placed in two subhuman primates. After 6 months, to allow for osseointegration, the implants were fitted with preangled abutments of various degrees and restored with type IV alloy castings. Straight abutments were used as control. Histologic evaluation revealed that, after 1 year of service, the implants exhibited complete osseointegration. Implants, whether restored with straight or preangled abutments, had no adverse effect on the surrounding bone. Soft tissue pockets measured, on average, from 2.2 to 2.6 mm; acute and chronic inflammatory cells were present. When crown loss was observed, it was caused by mechanical failure of components, such as gold screws and the screws used to secure the preangled abutments to the implants. Preangled abutments appear to be a valuable adjunct in implant dentistry, although long-term studies are needed for confirmation.


Subject(s)
Dental Abutments , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Prosthesis Design , Osseointegration , Animals , Bite Force , Crowns , Dental Implants , Dental Restoration Failure , Macaca fascicularis , Male , Weight-Bearing
17.
Int Endod J ; 28(1): 41-6, 1995 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7642328

ABSTRACT

Twenty patients with large endodontic lesions, which failed to respond to conventional endodontic therapy, were selected for this study. The lesions had a radiographic diameter of at least 10 mm, were removed by periradicular surgery, before retrofilling the apices with either super EBA or dessicated zinc oxide-eugenol. In 10 test sites large e-PTFE membranes (Gortex) were placed to cover the lesions, while at the control sites the lesions were not covered before resuturing. Radio-graphic analysis of the lesions at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months revealed that lesions covered with the membranes healed quicker than the control lesions, and that the quality and quantity of the regenerated bone was superior when membranes were used. Results of the study indicate that guided tissue regeneration (GTR) principles can be effectively applied to the healing of large periapical lesions, especially in through-and-through lesions.


Subject(s)
Alveolar Bone Loss/surgery , Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal , Periapical Diseases/surgery , Tooth Root/surgery , Adult , Bone Regeneration , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Membranes, Artificial , Middle Aged , Polytetrafluoroethylene , Retrograde Obturation , Treatment Outcome , Wound Healing
18.
Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent ; 14(3): 242-53, 1994 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7995694

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the efficacy of guided tissue regeneration around exposed implant threads, 16 implants were placed into fresh extraction sockets in beagle dogs. Polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membranes and titanium membranes were used to cover the defects around implants. A control group did not receive any membranes. Results were evaluated histologically. The average gain in bone height was 2.1 mm for e-PTFE sites, 0.8 mm for titanium membranes, and 2.9 mm for control sites. The greatest gain in bone levels was seen for two sites that received e-PTFE membranes and remained covered for the entire evaluation interval. Within the limits of this study, clinical and histologic evidence demonstrated that, when primary coverage is maintained, the use of e-PTFE membranes can significantly enhance bone regeneration around implants.


Subject(s)
Alveolar Bone Loss/surgery , Alveolar Ridge Augmentation/methods , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal , Membranes, Artificial , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Bone Regeneration , Dental Implants , Dogs , Polytetrafluoroethylene , Titanium , Tooth Extraction
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