Prevalence of malnutrition and factors associated with the nutritional status of oncological patients / Prevalencia de la desnutrición y factores asociados con el estado nutricional de los pacientes oncológicos

Objective: The study aim was to identify the nutritional status and factors associated with possible nutritional changes of cancer patients undergoing antineoplastic treatment. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with cancer patients on chemotherapy treatment, of both sexes, aged 18 years or older, admitted between November 2016 and June 2017 at a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected from nutritional evaluation using the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), biochemical exams and patient records. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, and correlation and association tests were conducted, depending on the nature of each variable, considering a 95% confidence interval, and a P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Sixty patients were evaluated, most of them were female (58.3%), adult individuals (51.7%), suffering from colon and rectal cancer (45%) and were enrolled in the first cycles of chemotherapy treatment (68%) with associated comorbidities (77%). The PG-SGA showed a prevalence of malnutrition (77%) in the sample, severe weight loss (40%), and a reduction in food consumption (41.7%) with gastrointestinal symptoms (75%), and changes on functional capacity (78%), concluding the need for critical nutritional intervention (70%). Biochemical parameters showed some reduction of serum albumin (56%) and total lymphocyte count (76%). Conclusion: Based on the results, it is important to well evaluate nutritional status and carry out a good nutritional intervention at the beginning and in the course of the treatment, allowing the recovery and maintenance of patient's nutritional status, contributing positively to the clinical outcome of these patients

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[Nutritional evaluation of postmenopausal women treated at a nutrition clinic in the north of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil]. / Avaliação nutricional de mulheres no climatério atendidas em ambulatório de nutrição no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

The menopause is the stage of a woman's life when the transition from the reproductive to the non-reproductive condition occurs. The objective was to conduct a nutritional assessment of 30 postmenopausal women aged between 40 and 65, by compiling data from the first consultation of nutritional records related to food intake, as well as anthropometric and biochemical data. It was observed that the average result found for body mass index was considered high, being characterized as overweight (30.7 ± 5.9kg/m2) and waist circumference revealed a very high risk for developing cardiovascular disease (98.2 ± 15.9cm). Saturated fats were above the recommended level (8.14 ± 3.63%), whereas monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats were lower resulting in 6.47 ± 3.40% and 5.37 ± 2.60% respectively. The average calcium intake was 549.63 ± 315.87mg, while vitamin D intake was 549.63 ± 315.87mcg, both of which were considered inadequate. Triglycerides were classified as optimal (134,3 ± 85,4mg/dL), total cholesterol was borderline (223.9 ± 141.3md/dL), HDL-C adequate (54.3 ± 18.5mg/dL) and LDL-C desirable (128.4 ± 45.1mg/dL). The results demonstrate that nutritional care is important and can prevent specific comorbidities in this age group, contributing to the quality of life of menopausal women.

Avaliação nutricional de mulheres no climatério atendidas em ambulatório de nutrição no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Nutritional evaluation of postmenopausal women treated at a nutrition clinic in the north of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

O climatério é a fase da vida da mulher em que ocorre a transição do período reprodutivo para o não reprodutivo. O objetivo da pesquisa foi realizar a avaliação nutricional de 30 mulheres no climatério com idades entre 40 e 65 anos, compilando os dados da primeira consulta dos prontuários nutricionais referentes ao consumo alimentar, dados antropométricos e bioquímicos. Observou-se que o resultado médio encontrado para o Índice de Massa Corporal foi considerado elevado, caracterizando excesso de peso (30,7 ± 5,9kg/m2) e a circunferência da cintura apresentou risco muito alto para desenvolver doenças cardiovasculares (98,2 ± 15,9cm). As gorduras saturadas estiveram acima do preconizado (8,14 ± 3,63%), enquanto que as gorduras mono e poli-insaturada estiveram abaixo, resultando em 6,47 ± 3,40% e 5,37 ± 2,60%, respectivamente. O consumo médio de cálcio foi de 549,63 ± 315,87mg, já o de vitamina D, 549,63 ± 315,87mcg e ambos estiveram inadequados. Os triglicerídeos foram classificados como ótimos (134,3 ± 85,4mg/dL), o colesterol total limítrofe (223,9 ± 141,3md/dL), o HDL-C adequado (54,3 ± 18,5mg/dL) e o LDL-C desejável (128,4 ± 45,1mg/dL). Os resultados demonstram que o cuidado nutricional é importante, podendo prevenir comorbidades específicas desta faixa etária, contribuindo para a qualidade de vida das mulheres climatéricas.

The menopause is the stage of a woman's life when the transition from the reproductive to the non-reproductive condition occurs. The objective was to conduct a nutritional assessment of 30 postmenopausal women aged between 40 and 65, by compiling data from the first consultation of nutritional records related to food intake, as well as anthropometric and biochemical data. It was observed that the average result found for body mass index was considered high, being characterized as overweight (30.7 ± 5.9kg/m2) and waist circumference revealed a very high risk for developing cardiovascular disease (98.2 ± 15.9cm). Saturated fats were above the recommended level (8.14 ± 3.63%), whereas monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats were lower resulting in 6.47 ± 3.40% and 5.37 ± 2.60% respectively. The average calcium intake was 549.63 ± 315.87mg, while vitamin D intake was 549.63 ± 315.87mcg, both of which were considered inadequate. Triglycerides were classified as optimal (134,3 ± 85,4mg/dL), total cholesterol was borderline (223.9 ± 141.3md/dL), HDL-C adequate (54.3 ± 18.5mg/dL) and LDL-C desirable (128.4 ± 45.1mg/dL). The results demonstrate that nutritional care is important and can prevent specific comorbidities in this age group, contributing to the quality of life of menopausal women.