Associations of Losing a Child With the Couple Relationship, Maternal Mental Health, and the Emotional Development of the Subsequent Baby.

The loss of a child can impact maternal mental health and the emotional development of a subsequent baby. Couple relationship can help women to cope with this loss. This study investigates the association among child loss, maternal mental health (including prolonged grief), couple adjustment, and psycho-functional symptoms in the subsequent babies. 598 Brazilian mothers, recruited by convenience, took part in the study. Mothers with a baby loss (23%) presented greater age and religiosity, less income, a longer couple relationship, and better couple adjustment, and their baby presented a great number of symptoms. This population needs monitoring for early emotional assistance.

Model for quality analysis of neonatal hearing screening software: theory applied.

BACKGROUND: It is necessary to ensure functional diagnosis and auditory rehabilitation as part of a continuous and inseparable follow-up process that begins with Neonatal Hearing Screening to achieve the expected outcome in children with hearing loss. Different software controls the data of this process, adopting different strategies and involving the technology for this. However, there is no specific model available in the literature for analyzing the quality of the software aimed at recording and monitoring data from Neonatal Hearing Screening. OBJECTIVE: To propose a specific model for the analysis of the quality of softwares used for monitoring Neonatal Hearing Screening data, based on the ISO/IEC 25,010/2011 standards. METHODS: This is an applied research, in which a model was proposed, applied and evaluated to analyze the quality of Neonatal Hearing Screening softwares, based on an exploratory documental analysis of softwares related to the Neonatal Hearing Screening record domain. The quality model was proposed based on the ISO/IEC 25,010/2011 standards, constituting a checklist for qualitative analysis. RESULTS: For the Neonatal Hearing Screening registration softwares quality evaluation model, general criteria were presented, classified into eight main categories: Functional Adequacy, Performance Efficiency, Compatibility, Usability, Reliability, Safety, Maintenance and Portability. Specific criteria were presented in question format. Finally, a checklist for quality control and decision making was proposed. This model was evaluated by specialists and was approved. CONCLUSION: The quality model presented in this article introduced important general and specific criteria to analyze softwares for Neonatal Hearing Screening. This model has been validated by specialists in informatics and audiology. Therefore, this model can be used comprehensively, as a standard assessment tool for Neonatal Hearing Screening softwares, allowing predicting improvements. It is suggested that the audiologists and informatics responsible for softwares of this nature, consider, in each country, the socioeconomic and health context to validate its applicability.

Epidemiologia da violência contra adolescentes no Brasil: Análise de dados do sistema de vigilância de violência e acidentes*

Objetivo : Descrever as características da violência contra adolescentes notificados a partir do Sistema de Vigilância de Violência e Acidentes/VIVA, no Brasil. Material e métodos : Estudo descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Vigilância de Violência e Acidentes/VIVA, Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2016. As variáveis analisadas foram: idade, sexo, raça, local de ocorrência, vinculo do agressor com a vítima e suspeita de uso de álcool nos casos de violência física, psicológica/moral e sexual. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e o teste de tendência de proporções no STATA. Resultados : A taxa de prevalência da violência física na faixa de 15-19 anos alcançou 104,4 por 100 000 casos, e a prevalência da violência sexual na faixa de 10-14 anos foi de 38,5 por 100 000 casos. A violência sexual alcançou nas meninas a prevalência de 52,0 por 100 000 casos, enquanto que, nos meninos, de 4,5 por 100 000 casos. Houve tendência crescente significativa de violência física na faixa de 15-19, e de violência sexual na faixa de 10-14 anos. Ambos tipos de violência atingiram as raças parda e indígena, acontecendo na residência da vítima, sendo o agressor o namorado. No caso de violência sexual, cresceu a suspeita de uso de álcool pelo agressor. A variação percentual na violência física e psicológica aumentou em mais de 400%. Conclusões: Houve aumento de todos os tipos de violência nestes oito anos. Foram mais frequentes as notificações de violência física e sexual, atingindo principalmente as meninas, na residência, sendo o amigo/conhecido ou namorado da vítima os principais agressores.

SUMMARY Objective: To describe the characteristics of violence against adolescents in Brazil reported from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (VIVA). Methods: A descriptive study, based on data from the VIVA, Brazil, from 2009 to 2016. The variables analyzed were age, gender, race, place of occurrence, bond between the aggressor and the victim, and suspected of alcohol use in cases of physical, psychological/moral and sexual violence. Descriptive statistics and tends proportion test with STATA were used. Results : The prevalence rate of physical violence in the 15-19 years age bracket reached 104.4 per 100,000 cases, and the prevalence of sexual violence in the 10-14 years age bracket was 38.5 per 100,000 cases. Sexual violence reached 52.0 per 100,000 cases in girls, compared to 4.5 per 100,000 in boys. There was a significant upward trend in physical violence in the 15-19 years age bracket, and in sexual violence in the 10-14 years age bracket. Both types of violence affecting more frequently brown and indigenous races, and happening at the victim's home, with the perpetrator being the adolescent's boyfriend. In cases of sexual violence, the suspicion of alcohol use by the aggressor has grown. The percentage change in physical and psychological violence increased by more than 400%. Conclusions : Regardless of the type of violence, there was an increase in the eight years. Notifications of physical and sexual violence were more frequent, affecting mainly girls, in their residence, being a friend/acquaintance or boyfriend of the victim the main aggressors.

Ansiedad, depresión, percepción y sentimientos de mujeres con cáncer indicadas para cirugía de exenteración pélvica / Anxiety, depression, perceptions and feelings of women with cancer referred for pelvic exenteration surgery

Objetivo: el presente estudio evalúa señales de depresión y ansiedad en mujeres con cáncer indicadas para cirugía de exenteración pélvica (EP), e identifica sus percepciones y sentimientos ante la EP. Método: Participaron en el estudio seis mujeres (37 a 64 años) que recibían tratamiento oncológico en un hospital del sur de Brasil. Las pacientes rellenaron una ficha de datos sociodemográficos y respondieron a la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión (HADS). También fueron realizadas entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados: En general, los resultados revelan reacciones emocionales a la indicación de EP para las participantes. Se verificó la presencia de ansiedad y depresión (50% y 66,7%, respectivamente) en el periodo preoperatorio. A partir del análisis de las entrevistas fue posible identificar dudas y temores sobre el resultado de la cirugía, así como sobre las expectativas de cura del cáncer. También aparecieron sentimientos de miedo, preocupación y ansiedad ante las ostomías. Conclusión: Estudios longitudinales pueden ampliar la comprensión del impacto de la EP, considerando también el periodo postoperatorio. Se subraya la necesidad de un seguimiento psicológico preoperatorio para mujeres indicadas para este procedimiento altamente especializado e invasivo (AU)

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate depression and anxiety in women with cancer who were referred for pelvic exenteration (PE), and to identify their perceptions and feelings regarding PE. Methods: Six women (aged between 37 and 64 years,) undergoing cancer treatment at a hospital in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, took part in the study. Sociodemographic data were collected and a semi-structured interview and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were employed. Results: The overall findings revealed emotional implications related to PE. Anxiety and depression were experienced by the participants (50% and 66.7%, respectively) before the surgery. The interviews showed doubts and fears regarding the surgical outcomes as well as expectations for cancer cure. Anxiety, fear and worries associated with ostomies also emerged. Conclusion: Longitudinal studies may contribute to a broader understanding of the impact of this surgery, including the postoperative period. It is possible to highlight the need to psychological assistance before the surgery to women referred to this highly specialized and invasive medical procedure (AU)

Ausência paterna e suas repercussões para o adolescente: análise da literatura / Paternal absence and its repercussions on the adolescent: analyzing the literature / La ausencia del padre y su impacto en el adolescente: análisis de la literatura

Este estudo objetivou analisar estudos empíricos publicados entre 1998 a 2008 sobre a ausência paterna e suas repercussões para o adolescente. Foi realizada uma busca em quatro bases de dados (PsycInfo, LILACS, Scielo e Pubmed), utilizando como termos descritores: ausência paterna, paternidade, pais não residentes, relações familiares e adolescência. Foram identificados apenas 16 estudos (14 internacionais e 2 brasileiros), cuja temática foi classificada como ausência paterna prolongada. A maioria deles apresentou caráter quantitativo e longitudinal. De modo geral, foi possível perceber que a ausência paterna pode trazer prejuízos ao desenvolvimento afetivo e social dos adolescentes. Importantes repercussões da ausência ocorrem também no funcionamento familiar. Constatou-se a carência de estudos nacionais sobre essa questão no período considerado, sugerindo-se a investigação da qualidade da relação pai-filho nos casos de ausência paterna temporária, bem como da qualidade do tempo de convivência entre eles.

This investigation aimed to analyze empirical studies about paternal absence and its repercussions on adolescents, published between 1998 and 2008. A research was conducted in four databases (PsycInfo, LILACS, Scielo and Pubmed), using the following key-words: paternal absence, fatherhood, non-resident fathers, family relationships and adolescence. Only sixteen studies were identified (two in Brazil, and fourteen published abroad), whose themes were classified as prolonged paternal absence. Most of those studies were of a quantitative and longitudinal nature. In general, it was possible to perceive that paternal absence can damage the adolescents’ affective and social development. Important repercussions of that absence also occur in family functioning. Only a few Brazilian studies on this issue during the period considered were identified, suggesting the need for further studies on the quality of father-adolescent relationships in the case of temporary paternal absence, as well as on the quality of the time they spend together.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar los estudios empíricos publicados entre 1998 y 2008 sobre la ausencia del padre y su impacto en el adolescente. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda en cuatro bases de datos (PsycINFO, LILACS, SciELO y Pubmed), utilizando como palabras clave: ausencia del padre, paternidad, padres no residentes, familia y adolescencia. Se identificaron solamente 16 estudios (catorce internacionales y dos nacionales), con una temática clasificada como la ausencia prolongada del padre. La mayoría de ellos presentó un carácter cuantitativo y longitudinal. En general, se observó que la ausencia del padre puede perjudicar el desarrollo social y emocional de los adolescentes. Importantes repercusiones de esta ausencia también se producen en el funcionamiento familiar. Debido a la falta de estudios nacionales sobre este asunto durante el período considerado, fue necesario investigar la calidad de la relación padre-hijo en los casos de ausencia temporal del padre, y el tiempo de convivencia entre ellos.