ABSTRACT
Introduccion. Persiste la controversia en cuanto a la superioridad de la profilaxis sobre el tratamiento antimicrobiano para evitar la infeccion posquirurgica. Objetivo. Comparar el control de la infeccion bacteriana mediante el uso de profilaxis con el tratamiento antimicrobiano en pacientes sometidos a implantes. Materiales y metodos. Los pacientes de la muestra (n=30), con edades entre los 30 y los 70 anos de edad, se asignaron aleatoriamente en dos grupos. Quince recibieron profilaxis de 2 g de amoxicilina 30 minutos antes de la cirugia y los restantes recibieron tratamiento de 500 mg de amoxicilina cada ocho horas por siete dias. Se valoraron los signos de infeccion .dolor, rubor, tumefaccion y exudacion. a los 3, 8 y 15 dias despues del procedimiento. Una semana despues se determino el numero de leucocitos, neutrofilos y linfocitos. Las variables categoricas se compararon mediante la prueba de ji al cuadrado y razon de verosimilitud. Los contrastes numericos se valoraron mediante la prueba t de Student, segun la validacion de los supuestos de normalidad y homocedasticidad (ƒ¿=0,05, en todos los casos). Resultados. La proporcion de infeccion fue menor en el grupo de profilaxis que en el grupo de tratamiento. El grupo de profilaxis tuvo una menor proporcion de signos y sintomas de infeccion (6,7 % Vs. 13,3 %), sin alcanzar significancia estadistica (p=0,27). El promedio de la fraccion de leucocitos, linfocitos y neutrofilos en el cuadro hematico, estuvo dentro del rango de normalidad en los dos grupos (p=0,79, p=0,91 y p=0,82, respectivamente). Conclusiones. La menor proporcion de infeccion confirma los resultados previamente publicados, que sustentan la superioridad de la profilaxis antibiotica sobre el tratamiento antibiotico para prevenir las infecciones posquirurgicas.
Introduction: There is persistent controversy over the superiority of antibiotic prophylaxis versus antimicrobial therapy in avoiding postoperative infection following dental implants. Objective: To compare the use of antibiotic prophylaxis versus antimicrobial therapy in the control of infection in patients undergoing dental implant surgery. Method: The sample consisted of thirty patients, ages between 30 and 70 years that were randomly divided into two groups, 15 patients each. The average age in the prophylaxis group was 52 years and 59 in the therapy group, and the average was 2 implants placed per patient. One group received prophylaxis with amoxicillin 2 g 30 minutes before surgery and the other group received therapy with amoxicillin 500 mg capsules every 8 hours for 7 days. Postoperative clinical control of signs of infection -pain, redness, swelling, and oozing- was registered at 3, 8 and 15 days. The count of leukocytes, neutrophiles and lymphocytes was determined at one week following the procedure. Results: The number of signs of infection were lower in the prophylaxis group than in the therapy group. The prophylaxis group exhibited lesser number of signs and symptoms of infection (6.7% versus 13.3%), although not reaching statistical significance. The average number of leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils in the blood counts were within normal range in both groups, with no statistical difference between the two groups (p = 0.79, p = 0.91, p = 0.82, respectively). Conclusions: The lesser number of signs of infection confirms recently reported results that support the superiority of antibiotic prophylaxis over antibiotic therapy in the prevention of infection following dental implants.
Subject(s)
Dental Implantation , Infection Control, Dental , Dental Prophylaxis , InfectionsABSTRACT
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a highly prevalent clinical problem associated with significant mortality and morbidity. In the United States alone, it is estimated that DVT affects approximately 50 per 100,000 people per year. This results in >600,000 inpatient and outpatient treatments per year and accounts for approximately 100,000 deaths from thromboembolic complications. Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is associated with serious long-term physical, social and economic sequelae for patients. In this article, we attempt to perform a contemporary review of the literature pertaining to the use of thrombolytic therapy and endovascular thrombectomy in the treatment of acute DVT.
Subject(s)
Thrombectomy/methods , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Acute Disease , Humans , Thrombectomy/trends , Thrombolytic Therapy/trends , Venous Thrombosis/complicationsABSTRACT
Hasta hoy, diferentes estudios han tratado de determinar la manera más efectiva de aprender Anatomía: algunos autores apoyan el método tradicional, otros prefieren el uso de computadores y algunos creen en la integración de ambos. En nuestra Escuela de Medicina utilizamos el método tradicional y el uso de computadores, así hemos desarrollado un programa multimedia que tiene por objetivo optimizar la disección como herramienta de aprendizaje. Este programa multimedia de apoyo está adaptado al manual de disecciones que es utilizado durante el curso. El programa cuenta con 6 módulos, de 5 regiones cada uno, en los que se incluyen: imágenes fotográficas y diagramas de las regiones, información acerca de las estructuras que deben ser identificadas, radiografías, correlaciones clínicas y autoevaluaciones.
A multimedia program has been developed at the Departament of Human Anatomy, Medicine School of Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. It offers an alternative to support the traditional laboratory practice and resolve, during the dissection, the most common problems that we have already identify in our students. Some features of this program are: photography's, diagrams, information about the structures, clinical correlation and tests. All this tools were integrated in a software using Macromedia Flash. The final result is a multimedia program that will be used by students during their laboratory practice. At present, we are making a study to determine the effect that is produced in the development of the students in the anatomy lab.
