ABSTRACT
A espiroquetose aviária é uma enfermidade septicêmica de curso agudo, cosmopolita, que acomete diversas espécies aviárias, causada por Borrelia anserina e transmitida pelo carrapato Argas miniatus. O experimento teve como objetivos avaliar as alterações bioquímicas e anátomo-histopatológicas no fígado de Gallus gallus, causadas pela infecção experimental por B. anserina. Quarenta aves da espécie G. gallus foram divididas em quatro grupos inteiramente casualizados com 10 animais cada: G1 - inoculado com soro infectado com B. anserina; G2 - inoculado com soro fisiológico a 0,9%; G3 - exposto a ninfas de terceiro ínstar de A. miniatus infectados por B. anserina; G4 - exposto a ninfas de terceiro ínstar de A. miniatus livres de B. anserina. As aves dos Grupos 1 e 3 manifestaram no 3º e 6º dias pós-inoculação (DPI) respectivamente, sintomatologia característica da doença como inapetência, perda de peso, sonolência, diarreia esverdeada, mucosas hipocoradas, penas arrepiadas e hipertermia. Os níveis de ALT do Grupo 1 mostraram-se significativamente mais elevados apenas no 12ºDPI e 24ºDPI em relação ao seu grupo controle (Grupo 2) e no Grupo 3 esses níveis se mantiveram elevados até o 20º DPI em comparação ao seu grupo controle (Grupo 4). Os níveis da enzima AST pouco oscilaram nos grupos experimentais, embora tenham sido encontradas elevações no 12ºDPI nos Grupos 1 e 3. Os fígados das aves dos Grupos 1 e 3 apresentaram à necropsia, moderada hepatomegalia, congestão, superfície irregular e coloração vermelha a cianótica; constataram-se ainda pequenos pontos esbranquiçados na superfície. A histopatologia do fígado revelou congestão, infiltrados inflamatórios mononucleares, focos de necrose fibrinoide, dilatação dos sinusoides e vacuolização de hepatócitos. A coloração de Warthin-Starry revelou, nos fígados das aves dos Grupos 1 e 3, a presença de espiroquetas compatíveis com B. anserina, frequentemente no interior de vasos sanguíneos.(AU)
Spirochetosis avian is a septicemic disease of acute course and cosmopolitan can affect various avian species, caused by Borrelia anserina and transmitted by Argas miniatus. The experiment aimed to evaluate the biochemical, anatomical and histopathological changes in the liver of Gallus gallus caused by experimental infection with B. anserina. A total of 40 fowls of the species G. gallus were divided into four randomized groups of ten fowls each: G1 - inoculated with serum infected with B. anserina; G2 - inoculated with 0.9% saline; G3 - exposed to nymphs of 3rd instar of A. miniatus infected with B. anserina; G4 - exposed to ticks nymphs of 3rd instar of A. miniatus free of B. anserina. The fowls of Groups 1 and 3 expressed at 3 and 6 days post-inoculation (DAI) respectively , symptoms characteristic of the disease as lack of appetite , weight loss , drowsiness, greenish diarrhea, pale mucous membranes , ruffled feathers and hyperthermia. ALT of group 1 levels were significantly higher only at the 12º and 24º day after inoculation (DAI) compared with its control group (group 2), and in group 3 these levels remained high until the 20º DAI as compared with its control group (group 4). AST enzyme fluctuated little in the experimental groups, although elevations at 12ºDAI has been found in group 1 and 3. The liver of fowls in groups 1 and 3, presented at necropsy moderate hepatomegaly, congestion, irregular surface and red color to cyanotic. If found even small whitish spots on the surface. The histopathology revealed congestion, mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, fibrinoid necrotic foci, dilatation of sinusoids, and vacuolation of hepatocytes. The Warthin-Starry staining revealed in the liver of fowls in groups 1 and 3 the presence of spirochetes compatible with B. anserina, often within blood vessels.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Borrelia Infections/blood , Borrelia Infections/veterinary , Chickens/anatomy & histology , Chickens/physiology , Liver/anatomy & histology , Liver/physiopathology , Biochemical Phenomena , Spirochaetales Infections/veterinary , Tick-Borne Diseases/veterinaryABSTRACT
Three new species of dactylogyrids (Monogenea) from the Araguaia River in Brazil are described herein. Specimens of Demidospermus ceccarellii n. sp., Demidospermus brachyplatystomae n. sp., and Demidospermus araguaiaensis n. sp. were collected from the gills of the siluriform fish, Brachyplatystoma filamentosum (Lichtenstein, 1819). The 3 new species can be easily distinguished from their congeners by the shape of the male copulatory organ (MCO) and accessory piece. Demidospermus ceccarellii n. sp. presents a J-shaped and robust MCO, a base with a short sclerotized margin, and a slightly curved and robust accessory piece with the base slightly dilated. In contrast, D. brachyplatystomae n. sp. has a thin MCO forming an incomplete ring, a base with an irregular sclerotized margin, and a long and curved accessory piece with a wider distal portion. Demidospermus araguaiaensis n. sp. has a thin MCO with a base directly coupled to the accessory piece and an articulated accessory piece that is sinuous in shape in the distal portion. In addition, the 3 species present haptoral hooks similar in shape and size and, thus, were compared in detail with the other Demidospermus species with this particular characteristic. This is the first record of monogeneans that are parasitic on B. filamentosum.
Subject(s)
Catfishes/parasitology , Fish Diseases/parasitology , Platyhelminths/classification , Trematode Infections/veterinary , Animals , Brazil , Female , Gills/parasitology , Male , Rivers , Trematode Infections/parasitologyABSTRACT
During the study of the metazoan parasites of fishes from Araguaia River, municipality of Araguatins (05 degrees 39'S, 48 degrees 07'W), State of Tocantins, Brazil, a third stage larvae of an undescribed species of Terranova were collected from the mesenteries of Plagioscion squamosissimus. These larvae were characterized to present large size, excretory pore situated near of the base of ventrolateral lips, presence of short intestinal caecum dorsal to oesophagus, ventriculus less than seven times as long as wide and absence of mucron. This is the first record and description of larval of species of Terranova parasitic in South American freshwater fishes.
