Epidemiological Characteristics and Overall Burden of Accidental Injuries in Navarra, Spain: Epidemiology of Injuries in Children.

Injuries caused by accidents or violent situations in pediatric patients are a serious social problem where prevention plays a key role. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of pediatric injuries in Spain. A prospective study of pediatric patients receiving care in the Emergency Service of the Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra due to for reasons of accidental injury was conducted. The study covered a period of 1 year and assessed a total of 16 variables. There were a total of 8,876 patients, of whom 56.4% were males. Traumatic injuries such as fractures and craniocerebral trauma were identified as the most frequent injuries, occurring as a result of injuries mainly in the home. In females, there was a decrease in the incidence of injuries related to age. There was a greater incidence at the end of the day, during the weekend, and in the months of March to October. The epidemiological profile of pediatric patients who met with accidents in Navarra, Spain, is described. The knowledge of the main areas and factors related to injuries allows us to improve preventive measures, which would contribute to better control in this region of Spain.

Evisceración vaginal traumática en mujer posmenopáusica / Traumatic vaginal evisceration in a postmenopausal woman

La evisceración vaginal es una emergencia médica rara que se presenta con mayor frecuencia en mujeres posmenopáusicas con antecedente de cirugía pélvica o vaginal, especialmente histerectomía, y cierta disfunción del suelo pélvico. Sin embargo, la evisceración espontánea vaginal sin antecedentes de cirugía previa en este tipo de pacientes es aún más infrecuente. Se describe a continuación un caso de evisceración vaginal traumática en una mujer posmenopáusica (AU)

Vaginal evisceration is a rare medical emergency that usually occurs in postmenopausal women with a history of pelvic or vaginal surgery, especially hysterectomy, and some pelvic floor dysfunction. Spontaneous vaginal evisceration without previous surgery in these patients is even more uncommon. We discuss a case of spontaneous vaginal evisceration after vaginal trauma in a postmenopausal woman (AU9

Cáncer neuroendocrino de mama. A propósito de un caso / Neuroendocrine breast cancer. A case report

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Mass spectrometry identification of alkyl-substituted pyrazines produced by Pseudomonas spp. isolates obtained from wine corks.

We investigated the pyrazine production of 23 Pseudomonas isolates obtained from cork in order to assess their implications in off-flavour development. Off-flavour development in cork stoppers is a crucial process in maintaining the high quality of some wines. Pyrazine production was analyzed by headspace solid-phase-microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five out of the 23 isolates, i.e. Pseudomonas koreensis TCA20, Pseudomonas palleroniana TCA16, Pseudomonas putida TCA23 and N7, and Pseudomonas stutzeri TRA27a were able to produce branched alkyl-substituted pyrazines. For isolates N7 and TCA16, 14 compounds could be identified as pyrazines. The use of mineral media supplemented with different carbon and nitrogen sources resulted in changes in the pyrazine production capacity. In the two strains the amount of pyrazines produced was higher with glucose and decreased significantly with lactate. In all cases, 2,5-di(1-methylethyl)pyrazine was found to be dominant and independent of amino acid addition, suggesting a completely de novo synthesis. Aroma descriptions of most alkyl substituted pyrazines include mild vegetal aromas, not necessarily undesirable for the cork manufacturing industry. Methoxypyrazines, exhibiting earthy and musty aromas, could not be detected in any of the strains analysed.

[Coping strategies used by the family of a patient with acute fulminant hepatitis]. / Paciente con hepatitis aguda fulminante.

In the holistic care to the patient, the family should be an important part because its members are also affected by the situation. Therefore, nursing work should be directed to both the individual and his environment, being of great help to identify family's needs in order to meet their specific needs accurately. Also in the process of recovery the family goes through several stages of coping, each of them have its own characteristics and nurses' interventions should be adapted to them. The aim of this paper is to evidence the importance of caring for the family, identifying the stages of coping, recognizing their needs and identifying relevant care. For this, a clinical case of a family with a relative hospitalised in an intensive care unit because of an acute fulminant hepatitis was developed. The instruments used to carry out the analysis of the case are: family's needs described by Leske et al., coping stages identified by Kubler-Ross, and ways of coping scale developed by Lazarus and Folkman. Nurses have a relevant role due to their close contact with people, this helps to become a factor which facilitates the interaction of patient and family within the hospital environment. A holistic approach of nursing care involves assessing the needs of families to develop strategies for effective interventions.

Paciente con hepatitis aguda fulminante / Clinical case: coping strategies used by the family of a patient with acute fulminant hepatitis

Dentro del cuidado integral al paciente, la familia debe ocupar una parte indispensable puesto que también se ve afectada por la situación. Por ello, la labor de enfermería debe ir dirigida tanto al individuo como a su entorno, siendo de gran ayuda identificar sus necesidades para cubrirlas adecuadamente. Además, dentro del proceso de convalecencia, la familia atraviesa varias fases de afrontamiento y cada una de ellas tiene unas características propias que hacen que las intervenciones de enfermería deban adecuarse. El objetivo de este artículo es evidenciar la importancia de la atención a la familia, identificando las fases de afrontamiento, reconociendo sus necesidades y detectando los cuidados pertinentes. Para ello, se desarrolla un caso clínico que aborda la situación de una familia con un miembro ingresado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos por una hepatitis aguda fulminante. Los instrumentos utilizados para llevar a cabo el análisis del caso son: las necesidades de la familia descritas por Leske y otros autores, las fases de afrontamiento identificadas por Kubler-Ross y la escala de modos de afrontamiento desarrollada por Lazarus y Folkman. Las enfermeras tienen un rol privilegiado por su contacto cercano con las personas; esto contribuye a ser un agente facilitador en la interacción del paciente y su familia con el ambiente hospitalario. Un enfoque holístico requiere evaluar las necesidades de las familias para posteriormente desarrollar estrategias de intervención efectivas(AU)

In the holistic care to the patient, the family should be an important part because its members are also affected by the situation. Therefore, nursing work should be directed to both the individual and his environment, being of great help to identify family’s needs in order to meet their specific needs accurately. Also in the process of recovery, the family goes through several stages of coping, each of them have its own characteristics and nurses' interventions should be adapted to them. The aim of this paper is to evidence the importance of caring for the family, identifying the stages of coping, recognizing their needs and identifying relevant care. For this, a clinical case of a family with a relative hospitalised in an Intensive Care Unit because of an acute fulminant hepatitis was developed. The instruments used to carry out the analysis of the case are: family's needs described by Leske et al., coping stages identified by Kubler-Ross, and ways of coping scale developed by Lazarus and Folkman. Nurses have a relevant role due to their close contact with people; this helps to become a factor which facilitates the interaction of patient and family within the hospital environment. A holistic approach of nursing care involves assessing the needs of families to develop strategies for effective interventions(AU)

Headspace needle-trap analysis of priority volatile organic compounds from aqueous samples: application to the analysis of natural and waste waters.

Combining headspace (HS) sampling with a needle-trap device (NTD) to determine priority volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water samples results in improved sensitivity and efficiency when compared to conventional static HS sampling. A 22 gauge stainless steel, 51-mm needle packed with Tenax TA and Carboxen 1000 particles is used as the NTD. Three different HS-NTD sampling methodologies are evaluated and all give limits of detection for the target VOCs in the ng L⁻¹ range. Active (purge-and-trap) HS-NTD sampling is found to give the best sensitivity but requires exhaustive control of the sampling conditions. The use of the NTD to collect the headspace gas sample results in a combined adsorption/desorption mechanism. The testing of different temperatures for the HS thermostating reveals a greater desorption effect when the sample is allowed to diffuse, whether passively or actively, through the sorbent particles. The limits of detection obtained in the simplest sampling methodology, static HS-NTD (5 mL aqueous sample in 20 mL HS vials, thermostating at 50 °C for 30 min with agitation), are sufficiently low as to permit its application to the analysis of 18 priority VOCs in natural and waste waters. In all cases compounds were detected below regulated levels.