ABSTRACT
The Double Chooz experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944±0.016(stat)±0.040(syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France, with two 4.25 GW(th) reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m(3) fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a nonzero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin(2)2θ(13). Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum, we find sin(2)2θ(13)=0.086±0.041(stat)±0.030(syst), or, at 90% C.L., 0.017
ABSTRACT
Novel glycopolymers have been synthesized from ethylene-vinyl alcohol, EVOH, copolymers activated with 4-nitrophenyl carbonate groups and subsequent coupling reaction with distinct diaminobutylsaccharides. The structure of the resulting glycopolymers has been confirmed by FTIR and (1)H and (13)C NMR. In addition, their thermal transitions and degradability have been examined, as well as their rheological behavior in bulk and in water solution. Those glycopolymers that are water-soluble undergo self-association processes and lead to the formation of temperature-induced reversible networks. Furthermore, their affinity to lectins, in particular to Concanavalin A and Ricinus communis Agglutinin, has also been evaluated, showing large and specific interaction.
Subject(s)
Hot Temperature , Polymers/chemistry , Polyvinyls/chemistry , Binding Sites , Carbohydrate Conformation , Lactones/chemistry , Lectins/metabolism , Phase Transition , Polymers/chemical synthesis , Polymers/metabolism , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Solubility , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
Nanocomposite films obtained by TiO2 incorporation into a polypropylene (PP) polymer matrix were prepared via a straightforward melting process. The structural characteristics of the nanocomposite materials were examined by a multitechnique approach showing the outstanding morphological uniformity of the films. TiO2 incorporation into the polymer matrix renders self-sterilized and self-degradable materials which showed an impressive performance against gram-positive, gram-negative, coccus and yeast micro-organisms. Optimization of the novel properties of TiO2-PP nanocomposite films is reached with a 2 wt% of oxide content loading. The physico-chemical bases of this optimum are discussed.
ABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo tipo serie clínica en 44 pacientes con fractura de cóndilo mandibular que ingresaron al área de emergencia del Hospital Universitario de Los Andes entre 1999 y 2004. El grupo estaba constituido por 36 hombres (81.8 por ciento) y 8 mujeres (18.2 por ciento). La edad de los pacientes osciló de 7 a 76 años, de ellos el grupo de 20-29 años fue el más afectado reportando el 40.9 por ciento (18 casos). Las fracturas simples representaron 12 casos (27.3 por ciento). Las fracturas combinadas correspondieron a 32 pacientes (72.7 por ciento). El mecanismo traumático fue colisión vehicular con 17 casos (38.6 por ciento). El 50 por ciento (6) de las fracturas condilares simples fueron manejadas sin tratamiento quirúrgico. Por el contrario 22 pacientes (68.75 por ciento) de las fracturas compuestas ameritaron al menos algún tipo de osteosíntesis. El seguimiento de los pacientes fue en promedio de 26 meses (9-60 meses). Se obtuvieron 24 (55 por ciento) excelentes resultados, 16 (36 por ciento) buenos resultados y 4 (9 por ciento) malos resultados. Las complicaciones encontradas fueron: Maloclusión 4 (9 por ciento), laterodesviación mandibular 6 (3 por ciento), hipomovilidad mandibular 4 (9 por ciento). Los resultados en nuestro servicio inclinan la balanza hacia la osteosíntesis con miniplacas como tratamiento para manejar las fracturas condilares cuando éstas tienen indicación quirúrgica.
