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1.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(12): 1067-1073, dic. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-169305

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: El tratamiento óptimo de pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) y síndrome cardiorrenal tipo 1 (SCR-1) no está bien definido. La hipoperfusión arterial y la congestión venosa tienen un papel fundamental en la fisiopatología del SCR-1. El antígeno carbohidrato 125 (CA125) ha emergido como marcador indirecto de sobrecarga de volumen en la ICA. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la utilidad del CA125 para el ajuste del tratamiento diurético de pacientes con SCR-1. Métodos: Ensayo clínico multicéntrico, abierto y paralelo, que incluye a pacientes con ICA y creatinina ≥ 1,4 mg/dl al ingreso, aleatorizados a: a) estrategia convencional: titulación basada en la evaluación clínica y bioquímica habitual, o b) estrategia basada en CA125: dosis altas de diuréticos si CA125 > 35 U/ml y bajas en caso contrario. El objetivo principal es el cambio en la función renal a las 24 y las 72 h tras el comienzo del tratamiento. Como objetivos secundarios: a) cambios clínicos y bioquímicos a las 24 y las 72 h, y b) cambios en la función renal y eventos clínicos mayores a 30 días. Resultados: Los resultados de este estudio aportarán datos relevantes sobre la utilidad del CA125 para guiar el tratamiento diurético en el SCR-1. Además, permitirá ampliar el conocimiento de la fisiopatología de esta compleja entidad clínica. Conclusiones: La hipótesis del presente estudio es que las concentraciones de CA125 aumentadas pueden identificar a una población de pacientes con SCR-1 para quienes una estrategia diurética más intensa puede ser beneficiosa. Por el contrario, las concentraciones bajas de esta glucoproteína seleccionarían a los pacientes para los que serían perjudiciales las dosis altas de diuréticos (AU)


Introduction and objectives: The optimal treatment of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS-1) is far from being well-defined. Arterial hypoperfusion in concert with venous congestion plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of CRS-I. Plasma carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) has emerged as a surrogate of fluid overload in AHF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of CA125 for tailoring the intensity of diuretic therapy in patients with CRS-1. Methods: Multicenter, open-label, parallel clinical trial, in which patients with AHF and serum creatinine ≥ 1.4 mg/dL on admission will be randomized to: a) standard diuretic strategy: titration-based on conventional clinical and biochemical evaluation, or b) diuretic strategy based on CA125: high dose if CA125 > 35 U/mL, and low doses otherwise. The main endpoint will be renal function changes at 24 and 72 hours after therapy initiation. Secondary endpoints will include: a) clinical and biochemical changes at 24 and 72 hours, and b) renal function changes and major clinical events at 30 days. Results: The results of this study will add important knowledge on the usefulness of CA125 for guiding diuretic treatment in CRS-1. In addition, it will pave the way toward a better knowledge of the pathophysiology of this challenging situation. Conclusions: We hypothesize that higher levels of CA125 will identify a patient population with CRS-1 who could benefit from the use of a more intense diuretic strategy. Conversely, low levels of this glycoprotein could select those patients who would be harmed by high diuretic doses (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Heart Failure/therapy , Kidney Diseases/complications , Biomarkers , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/complications , 28599
2.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 70(12): 1067-1073, 2017 Dec.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28341415

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The optimal treatment of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS-1) is far from being well-defined. Arterial hypoperfusion in concert with venous congestion plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of CRS-I. Plasma carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) has emerged as a surrogate of fluid overload in AHF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of CA125 for tailoring the intensity of diuretic therapy in patients with CRS-1. METHODS: Multicenter, open-label, parallel clinical trial, in which patients with AHF and serum creatinine ≥ 1.4mg/dL on admission will be randomized to: a) standard diuretic strategy: titration-based on conventional clinical and biochemical evaluation, or b) diuretic strategy based on CA125: high dose if CA125 > 35 U/mL, and low doses otherwise. The main endpoint will be renal function changes at 24 and 72hours after therapy initiation. Secondary endpoints will include: a) clinical and biochemical changes at 24 and 72hours, and b) renal function changes and major clinical events at 30 days. RESULTS: The results of this study will add important knowledge on the usefulness of CA125 for guiding diuretic treatment in CRS-1. In addition, it will pave the way toward a better knowledge of the pathophysiology of this challenging situation. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that higher levels of CA125 will identify a patient population with CRS-1 who could benefit from the use of a more intense diuretic strategy. Conversely, low levels of this glycoprotein could select those patients who would be harmed by high diuretic doses.


Subject(s)
Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , CA-125 Antigen/blood , Cardio-Renal Syndrome/drug therapy , Chlorthalidone/therapeutic use , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Furosemide/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Membrane Proteins/blood , Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Cardio-Renal Syndrome/blood , Cardio-Renal Syndrome/complications , Creatinine/blood , Heart Failure/blood , Heart Failure/complications , Humans , Patient Care Planning , Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/blood , Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/etiology
3.
Rev. lab. clín ; 8(4): 188-191, oct.-dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-146405

ABSTRACT

La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad parasitaria ocasionada por protozoos del género Leishmania, cuya forma de transmisión habitual es vectorial. Actualmente está clasificada como enfermedad tropical desatendida. A pesar de esto, se ha visto un aumento de casos en los últimos años en relación con 3 hechos: falta de medidas de control, movimientos de población y presencia de inmunosupresión. A continuación, exponemos el caso de un varón de 26 años sin antecedentes previos, que presentaba un cuadro de 2 meses de evolución inespecífico con predominio de sensación de distermia, astenia, diaforesis e hiperoxia. En la exploración se evidenció hepatoesplenomegalia y en la analítica inicial se objetivó una marcada neutropenia y anemia. Se procedió al estudio citomorfológico de sangre periférica y aspirado de médula ósea donde se evidenció parasitación por Leishmania, a pesar de no presentar ningún factor de inmunosupresión; característica habitual de esta dolencia (AU)


Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Its usual transmission form is vectorial. It is currently classified as a neglected tropical disease. Despite this, cases have been increasing in recent years due to three factors: lack of control measures, population movements, and presence of immunosuppression. The case is presented of a 26 year-old male with no previous history, who had a clinical profile of two months non-specific evolution with dysthermic feeling, asthenia, diaphoresis and hyperoxia. On physical examination he had hepatosplenomegaly and the initial laboratory results showed a marked anaemia and neutropenia. A cyto-morphological study of peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate were performed that reported a Leishmania parasite infestation, but no evidence of any immunosuppressive factor, which is a regular feature of this disease (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Immunosuppression Therapy/methods , Neutropenia/diagnosis , Thrombocytopenia/blood , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis , Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Blood Chemical Analysis , Clinical Chemistry Tests , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral , Leukopenia/diagnosis , Bilirubin/analysis , Radiography, Abdominal/methods , Radiography, Abdominal , Splenomegaly , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use
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