ABSTRACT
Introducción: La pandemia de la obesidad necesita nuevos enfoques y un consenso en el tratamiento de condiciones que conducen a la morbilidad, los biomarcadores, definidos como indicadores de procesos biológicos en salud y enfermedad. Objetivo: Examinar los biomarcadores de obesidad en adultos y potencial el diagnóstico, el pronóstico y el tratamiento. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de revisión bibliográfica, los artículos consultados se identificaron mediante la búsqueda en la base de datos PubMed con los términos obesidad, obesidad central, índice de masa corporal, biomarcadores, genómica, epigenómica, metabolómica y microbiómica. Se revisaron las listas bibliográficas de las publicaciones analizadas para identificar artículos adicionales. En la búsqueda se obtuvieron 37 artículos publicados en el período comprendido del 1 de enero de 2015 hasta el 31 de marzo de 2022. Se compararon biomarcadores asociados con la obesidad IMC ≥ 30 kg/m2 (en la población occidental) o 28 kg/m2 (en la población oriental), estos proporcionaron estimaciones de riesgo de dicho padecimiento, también estimaciones de riesgo con un IC del 95 por ciento para las asociaciones de un factor de riesgo evidenciado en pruebas diagnósticas. Resultados: La predisposición para la obesidad varía según la geografía, las condiciones sociales, los factores políticos y económicos y la genética humana. Conclusiones: Los biomarcadores poseen un valioso poder diagnóstico y pronóstico, no solo en el comportamiento y estilo de vida, sino para examinar los efectos de las intervenciones vinculadas en la prevención y el tratamiento de la obesidad(AU)
Introduction: The obesity pandemic needs new approaches and a consensus in the treatment of conditions that lead to morbidity, biomarkers, defined as indicators of biological processes in health and disease. Objective: To examine the obesity biomarkers in adults and the potential in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Methods: A bibliographic review study was carried out, the articles consulted were identified by searching the PubMed database with the terms obesity, central obesity, body mass index, biomarkers, genomics, epigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics. The bibliography lists of the analyzed publications were also reviewed to identify additional articles. The search found 37 articles published from January 1, 2015 to March 31, 2022, which compared biomarkers associated with obesity BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (in the Western population) or 28 kg/m2 (in the oriental population), which provided risk estimates for this condition, as well as risk estimates with a 95percent CI for associations of a risk factor evidenced in diagnostic tests. Results: The predisposition for obesity varies according to geography, social conditions, political and economic factors, and human genetics. Conclusions: Biomarkers have valuable diagnostic and prognostic power, they can envision a new frontier treating not only related behaviors and lifestyles, but also being able to describe the effects of interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biomarkers , Life Style , ObesityABSTRACT
Currently, the evaluation of mental disorders in patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is essential in the management of the illness because of their impact in morbimortality. The main purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in a group of patients with SLE in a tertiary referral hospital in Quito-Ecuador. The main diffuse central nervous system psychiatric syndromes in SLE (psychosis, anxiety and mood disorders) and cognitive dysfunction were evaluated with the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Montreal scale, respectively. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which included patients 15 years and older diagnosed with SLE in a tertiary referral hospital in Quito, Ecuador. 85 patients diagnosed with SLE attending the internal medicine outpatient clinic during October 2017-May 2018 were included. A bivariate analysis of possible associations between these mental disorders with corticosteroid use, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and quality of life was also studied. Eighty-five patients, with an average age of 34.12 ± 11.5 years were included, of which 94% were females. 71% of participants (60 patients) had at least one mental disorder evaluated in this study. The most frequent was cognitive impairment (n = 43, 51%) followed by anxiety disorders (n = 35, 41%), mood disorders (n = 34, 40%) and psychosis (n = 1; 1%). 38% presented mild cognitive impairment and 13% had moderate cognitive impairment. Memory and visuospatial/executive function were the most affected domains in the cognitive assessment. 38% of participants were previously diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome, of which 78% had a mental disorder (OR = 1.83, p = 0.2). Most patients (n = 84; 99%) were treated with corticosteroids, of these, 59 patients presented a mental disorder (OR = 0.9, p = 0.8). Associations with APS or corticosteroid use were not statistically significant. However, the multivariate regression suggests an association between presence of mental disease and quality of life. There were statistically significant alterations in anxiety/depression and pain. There is a high prevalence of neuropsychiatric syndromes in this cohort of patients. Almost ¾ of our cohort had at least one mental disorder, the most common was cognitive impairment.
