Evaluation of frequency of nausea and vomiting as well as depression level in pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of nausea and vomiting in pregnant (NVP) women, review associated factors, and evaluate the depression level. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is a cross-sectional research conducted in pregnant women who applied to Sakarya Training and Research Hospital and Sakarya Maternity and Children Hospital between January 13, 2013 and March 23, 2013. The study group consisted of 606 pregnant women who were below 20 weeks gestation and agreed to take part in the study. The questionnaire form prepared in line with the study objective was completed by the pregnant women under supervision. The women who had a complaint of nausea and vomiting at least once a day during their pregnancy were deemed as "having a history of nausea and vomiting". Rhodes index was used to evaluate the severity of nausea and vomiting. Depression level was evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory. Chi-square test and Spearman's Correlation Analysis were used to analyze the data. Statistical significance value was accepted as p < 0.05. RESULTS: The age of pregnant women in the study group ranged from 17 to 39 years (mean age: 25.55 ± 4.95). The frequency of having nausea and vomiting in the pregnant women was determined to be 35.1% (n = 213). The frequency of having nausea and vomiting was determined to be higher in those with a nuclear family, working women, those with a poor family income, those who used any contraception method before the pregnancy, and those who had a history of nausea and vomiting in their previous pregnancy(ies) (p < 0.05 for each). The pregnant women with a history of nausea and vomiting reported that their complaints increased the most with the smell of food as well as perfume/cigarette/body odor. In the women with a history of nausea and vomiting, frequency of depression was significantly higher (p < 0.05). A positive relationship was found between the severity of nausea and vomiting and depression level (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nausea and vomiting were determined to be a major health problem in pregnancy. Depression frequency was higher in those with a history of nausea and history. The severity of nausea and vomiting increased with higher depression levels. More detailed studies are required to determine the causes of NVP as well as the risk factors.

Serum irisin levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is clinically heterogeneous endocrine disorders. Insulin resistance-related proteins play a role in the etiopathogenesis of PCOS. Irisin is a newly identified myokine which act like adipokines. Irisin has been shown to be associated with the insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine the serum levels of irisin in PCOS patients and evaluate the correlations with other metabolic and hormonal parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-five PCOS patients and 35 matched healthy controls were enrolled to study. Serum irisin levels, anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters including HOMA-IR were measured. Linear regression analysis was employed to study the relationship between irisin and hormonal and metabolic parameters. RESULTS: Serum irisin level in PCOS patients (mean value; 0.491±0.145 µg/mL) was significantly elevated when compared to control group (mean value 0.281±0.138 µg/mL) (p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that serum irisin was positively associated with body mass index, luteinizing hormone, fasting insulin and total cholesterol in the overall patient population but not for PCOS group alone (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Serum irisin level of PCOS patients was high compared to that of healthy control subjects. In patients with PCOS, this situation may be due to insulin resistance, when there is leptin resistance or metabolic syndrome.

Laparoscopic management following ultrasonographic-guided drainage in a patient with giant paraovarian cyst.

BACKGROUND: Giant and paraovarian cysts are unusual masses that are usually treated by laparotomy. The safety of laparoscopic management of benign paraovarian cysts has been demonstrated, but it is believed that the size of benign paraovarian cysts is a limiting factor for laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: We describe a new technique for the laparoscopic removal of a giant and benign paraovarian cyst in a 40-year-old woman. A paraovarian cystic mass was detected on the right part of her body that extended to the liver. It was confirmed on both ultrasonography and computed tomography scans. After ultrasound-guided aspiration of the cyst, the mass was resected laparoscopically. RESULTS: No complications were noted during or after the surgical procedure. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 2. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic surgery can be safely applied in patients with giant and benign paraovarian cysts.