ABSTRACT
AIM OF THE STUDY: To valorize fish by-products oil by investigating its effects on dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, reverse cholesterol transport and paraoxonase-1 activity in obese rat. METHODS: Sixteen male Wistar rats were fed a high fat diet. At 400 ± 10 g, obese rats were randomly divided into two groups: the first received 20% of sardine by-products oil and the second 20% of the edible portion oil. At d28, glycemia and serum lipids concentrations were estimated. High density lipoproteins (HDL2 and HDL3) were separated and their contents and composition in lipids and apolipoproteins were analyzed. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and paraoxonase-1 activities were assessed. RESULTS: In group which consumed sardine by-products oil, serum cholesterol and triacylglycerols were reduced (-8% and -36%, respectively). However, glycemia was similar. HDL3-phospholipids, HDL3-unesterified cholesterol and HDL3-apolipoproteins were decreased by 56%, 10% and 12%, respectively. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity was increased by 35% and the content of HDL2-cholesteryl esters was elevated by 12%. Serum paraoxonase-1 activity was increased by 25%. CONCLUSION: In obese rat, sardine by-products oil may have a protective effect against cardiovascular risk by improving the anti-atherogenic metabolic pathway of cholesterol and triacylglycerols. This anti-atherogenic action is particularly enhanced by the increase in paraoxonase-1 activity which protects lipoproteins from oxidation.
