ABSTRACT
Aortic coarctation is a severe pathology that can be underdiagnosed in pediatric patients. We present 1 case of a patient diagnosed with aortic coarctation in the emergency department, referred by his treating physician when detecting high blood pressure figures. This study focuses on the diagnostic approach and Doppler ultrasound findings.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Nitazoxanide has shown efficacy in vitro against coronavirus infections (MERS, SARS, SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this report is to describe the results of treating COVID-19 positive patients with nitazoxanide in three clinical settings: pregnancy/puerperium, hospitalized patients in an Internal Medicine Service and in an ambulatory setting. METHODOLOGY: This was a prospective follow-up and report of COVID-19 cases in three different situations, pregnant women, hospitalized patients receiving medical attention in an Internal Medicine Service and ambulatory patients residing in Toluca City, and Mexico City. RESULTS: The experience with a first group of 20 women, pregnant (17) or in immediate puerperium (3) was successful in 18 cases with two unfortunate deaths. The five cases treated in an Internal Medicine service showed a positive outcome with two patients weaned from mechanical ventilation. Of the remaining 16 patients treated in an ambulatory setting, all got cured. Nitazoxanide seems to be useful against SARS-CoV-2, not only in an early intervention but also in critical condition as well as in pregnancy without undesired effects for the babies. As an adjunctive therapy budesonide was used that seems to contribute to the clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Nitazoxanide could be useful against COVID-19 as a safe and available regimen to be tested in a massive way immediately.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , Thiazoles/therapeutic use , Adult , Ambulatory Care , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Nitro Compounds , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/mortality , Prospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is very poor. Prediction of the response to treatment in individual patients may be possible using molecular biological alterations such as clinical biomarkers. We investigated the predictive value of apoptosis and cell cycle regulator proteins for neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in stage IIIA/IIIB NSCLC patients. METHODS: We evaluated p53, bcl-2, p21WAF1/CIP1, p27Kip1, and Ki67 immunohistochemical expression and apoptotic index in mediastinal lymph node metastases from 23 IIIA and 10 IIIB NSCLC patients before treatment with neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. Univariate analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between protein expression and survival or time to progression (TTP). RESULTS: Median follow-up was 25 months (range, 4-112), median TTP was 11 months (range, 0-112), and median overall survival was 22 months (range, 4-112). Of 32 assessable patients, 18 (56%) had stable disease, 12 (38%) had a PR, and two (6%) had progressive disease. Of the 22 patients assessable for pN2 following chemotherapy, 16 (77%) were positive. Univariate analysis showed that shorter TTP correlated with progressive disease (p = 0.000), positive pN2 after chemotherapy (p = 0.026), high Ki67 (p = 0.022), and high p21WAF1/CIP1 (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that in IIIA/IIIB NSCLC patients, a high level of p21WAF1 expression in mediastinal lymph node metastases before neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy is associated with a poor outcome. Our results suggest that expression of p21WAF1, which plays a role in preventing apoptosis, may be significant when selecting chemotherapy for NSCLC patients.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Apoptosis/drug effects , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , Cell Cycle Proteins/drug effects , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Apoptosis/physiology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Cell Cycle Proteins/analysis , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Predictive Value of Tests , Probability , Risk Assessment , Survival Analysis , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/analysis , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolismABSTRACT
La aplicación de diferentes esquemas farmacológicos para el tratamiento oncológico ha tenido en los últimos años un gran crecimiento, en muchos casos con efectos curativos o clara mejoría de la sobrevida y la calidad de vida. Algunos esquemas incluyen drogas que puedenprovocar efectos cardiotóxicos graves, lo que motiva la consulta a los cardiólogos que en la mayor parte de los casos no hemos tenido entrenamiento en esta complicación. En esta revisión se resumen mecanismos de acción y efectos adversos de diferentes drogas de usofrecuente en patología oncológica y se exponen casos clínicos con reacciones adversas graves, con dificultades en la toma de decisiones. Finalmente, se discuten los aspectos para tener en cuenta para la prevención, el control y el tratamiento de la cardiotoxicidad por agentes quimioterapéuticos.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of various pharmacological protocols for the treatment of oncological disorders, often with curative effects or a clear improvement in survival and quality of life. Some schemes include drugs that may cause severe cardiotoxic effects. Such effects prompt patients to consult the cardiologist, who generally has no previous experience in dealing with these complications. Hence, in this review, we summarize the mechanisms of action and adverse effects of various drugs that are frequently used in neoplastic diseases, and we also present clinical cases with serious adverse reactions, which complicate the decision-making process. Finally, we discuss several issues that need to be considered for the prevention, control and treatment of cardiotoxicity due to chemotherapeutic agents.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Anthracyclines/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Fluorouracil/adverse effects , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms/radiotherapyABSTRACT
La aplicación de diferentes esquemas farmacológicos para el tratamiento oncológico ha tenido en los últimos años un gran crecimiento, en muchos casos con efectos curativos o clara mejoría de la sobrevida y la calidad de vida. Algunos esquemas incluyen drogas que puedenprovocar efectos cardiotóxicos graves, lo que motiva la consulta a los cardiólogos que en la mayor parte de los casos no hemos tenido entrenamiento en esta complicación. En esta revisión se resumen mecanismos de acción y efectos adversos de diferentes drogas de usofrecuente en patología oncológica y se exponen casos clínicos con reacciones adversas graves, con dificultades en la toma de decisiones. Finalmente, se discuten los aspectos para tener en cuenta para la prevención, el control y el tratamiento de la cardiotoxicidad por agentes quimioterapéuticos.(AU)
In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of various pharmacological protocols for the treatment of oncological disorders, often with curative effects or a clear improvement in survival and quality of life. Some schemes include drugs that may cause severe cardiotoxic effects. Such effects prompt patients to consult the cardiologist, who generally has no previous experience in dealing with these complications. Hence, in this review, we summarize the mechanisms of action and adverse effects of various drugs that are frequently used in neoplastic diseases, and we also present clinical cases with serious adverse reactions, which complicate the decision-making process. Finally, we discuss several issues that need to be considered for the prevention, control and treatment of cardiotoxicity due to chemotherapeutic agents.(AU)
