ABSTRACT
We studied the cardioprotective properties of mexidol and 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate in rat model of chronic myocardial injury. We found that 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate (25 mg/kg) produced more pronounced antioxidant and cardioprotective effects than mexidol (25 mg/kg).
Subject(s)
Heart Failure/drug therapy , Picolines/therapeutic use , Pyridines/therapeutic use , Animals , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Energy Metabolism/drug effects , Malondialdehyde/blood , Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects , Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Potassium/blood , RatsABSTRACT
Cardioprotective effects of derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine, benzimidazole, and a peptide substance were studied on the model of combined damage to the myocardium (catecholamines and physical exercises) in mice. The most pronounced antioxidant and cardioprotective effects were produced by 3-hydroxypyridine acetylcysteinate (50 mg/kg), benzimidazole derivative Be-2m (50 mg/kg), and peptide substance γ-glutamyl histamine (1 mg/kg).
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Benzimidazoles/chemistry , Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Oligopeptides/chemistry , Pyridines/chemistry , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Calcium/blood , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Creatine Kinase/blood , Injections, Intramuscular , Mice , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Potassium/blood , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical results of studies on interneuronal relationship in vegetative ganglia were represented. Age-related changes of synapses (appearance of synaptic type vesicles and smooth endoplasmic reticulum cisterns in postsynaptic terminals), peculiarities of interneuronal links in neurons containing neuropeptide Y and NO-synthase and structural manifestations of non-synaptic interneuronal links were shown. Modern views on interneuronal communications were discussed.
Subject(s)
Ganglia, Autonomic/ultrastructure , Interneurons/ultrastructure , Aging/metabolism , Animals , Dogs , Ganglia, Autonomic/metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Interneurons/metabolism , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Neuropeptide Y/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred SHR , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Short-term hypoxia produces ultrastructural alterations in ganglions of rats in the form of dilatation of some membrane neuron compartments and sinuous plasmatic membrane. More long-term hypoxia produces structural changes of membrane cell components. An increase of lysosome number and lipofuscin granules alternations in chronic hypoxia (1 year) are similar to the age changes and are characterized by intensive accumulation of lipofuscin and Nissl bodies hypertrophy.
Subject(s)
Hypoxia/pathology , Stellate Ganglion/ultrastructure , Aging/pathology , Animals , Chronic Disease , Hypertrophy/pathology , Lipofuscin/analysis , Lysosomes/pathology , Male , Nissl Bodies/pathology , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Immunohistochemical investigation of NO-synthase in brain astrocytic tumors revealed intense reaction in many tumor cells as well as direct correlation in the intensity of reaction and the degree of tumor anaplasia. Grade I astrocytomas did not show immunoreactivity in contrast to high anaplastic tumors where many cells had positive reaction with a different degree of intensity. Positive immunoreaction was shown in many giant cells. Small cell glioblastomas and oligodendrogliomas were immunonegative. There was a direct correlation between NO-synthase expression and glial fibrillar acidic protein.
Subject(s)
Astrocytoma/enzymology , Brain Neoplasms/enzymology , Glioblastoma/enzymology , Nitric Oxide Synthase/analysis , Humans , ImmunohistochemistryABSTRACT
Unusual intracytoplasmatic inclusions were found in urinary bladder neurons in dogs. The plate-like inclusions were composed of thin filaments, and when viewed en face, appeared as oval or angular bodies with regular lattice work array. When viewed in a transverse section, they were of rod-like shape and were composed of longitudinal filaments and transverse bars. The inclusions were observed in all ganglia of the urinary bladders studied. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the inclusions was made, using a tilting device. By means of this reconstruction, it could be demonstrated that their ultrastructure is similar to that of Hirano bodies which occur in human neurons of the central nervous system in cases of neurodegenerative diseases. The authors suggest that unusual intraneuronal inclusions represent a peculiarity in cytoskeletal protein assembly typical of canine urinary bladder neurons.
