[Effects of sublethal doses of deltamethrin on the pair Glossina morsitans morsitans-Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense]. / Effets des doses sublétales de deltaméthrine sur le couple Glossina morsitans morsitans-Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense.

The presence of Trypanosoma in Glossina morsitans morsitans induced a decrease in the physiological activity which is expressed in particular by a statistically higher mortality rate of infected flies. A similar effect appears with sublethal doses of deltamethrin either in infected or non infected insects. A cumulative activity of both effects was also observed in infected and treated flies. Sublethal doses of the pyrethroid compound showed a delay in feeding, abortions and larval clampings. Moreover, deltamethrin demonstrated an intravectorial effect against Trypanosoma which can reduce the transmission ability of flies.

[The use of screens in the anti-tsetse campaign in the forest zone]. / L'utilisation des ecrans dans la lutte anti-tsetse en zone forestière.

After preliminary studies on the ecodistribution of Glossina palpalis s.l. in the sleeping sickness focus of Vavoua (Ivory Coast) trials with screens impregnated with decamethrine were carried out. Artificial supports for insecticide present several advantages: less pollution, less costly, simplicity, facility of use by local personnel, possibility of re-use, integration with other methods. On the other hand, its action based on the attraction of flies which come into contact with the screen is relatively slow, particularly in obtaining a complete interruption of reproduction. The technique is compared with other control methods as the use of biconical traps and selective spraying along borders. Its action can be improved by the addition of attractive host odours or sex pheromones.

[The control of the vectors of the sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma gambiense Dutton (author's transl)]. / La lutte contre les vecteurs de la maladie du sommeil à Trypanosoma gambiense Dutton.

In this review on tsetse control, the authors particularly stress the methods used at the present time against riverine species vectors of "Gambian sleeping sickness". The different kinds of insecticidal treatments, the means of ground and aerial application of residual or non-residual compounds as well as the planning of control campaigns are described. Besides, the authors show the present trends of the research on tsetse flies ecology, new insecticides, methods of spraying, biological control and the impact of tsetse control operations on the environment.