Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
Equine Vet J ; 45(6): 711-4, 2013 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24117933

ABSTRACT

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: The use of tongue ties in racing is common, yet there are few data to support their efficacy. In order to make appropriate recommendations for clinical practice and policy on tongue ties, data documenting their effect on upper airway structure are necessary. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of a tongue tie on the resting laryngohyoid position of the standing horse. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. METHODS: Twelve normal Standardbred horses were subjected to ultrasonographic measures of laryngohyoid position during 3 phases of tack application: Phase I--halter and lead; Phase II--bit, bridle, harness and check applied; and Phase III--as in Phase II but with the tongue tie added. RESULTS: Compared to Phase I, during Phase III with the application of a tongue tie a significant difference between lingual process position was noted both rostrally and caudally (P<0.001 and P<0.001), such that the tongue tie resulted in an increase in lingual process depth. The tongue tie in Phase III resulted in a decrease in depth of the thyroid cartilage and basihyoid bone compared to the Phase I location (P = 0.007 and P = 0.0047). CONCLUSION: The use of a tongue tie has a significant effect on the basihyoid and thyroid cartilage positions in the standing horse. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This is the first report documenting a difference in laryngohyoid morphology following the application of a tongue tie, providing evidence that the use of a tongue tie has a measurable effect on upper airway structure. The functional implications of this finding are yet to be elucidated.


Subject(s)
Horses , Hyoid Bone/anatomy & histology , Larynx/anatomy & histology , Tongue , Animals , Female , Male
2.
Equine Vet J ; 45(6): 705-10, 2013 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23662675

ABSTRACT

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: The pathogenesis of dynamic bilateral laryngeal collapse (DLC) associated with poll flexion is unknown. Diagnosis is dependent upon exercise endoscopy while replicating the flexed head position harness racehorses experience during racing. OBJECTIVES: To describe the effects of poll flexion on rostrocaudal laryngeal positioning and laryngeal lumen width in resting horses diagnosed with DLC compared to controls, and to establish diagnostic criteria for DLC by use of diagnostic imaging. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: Fifty harness racehorses were prospectively included in the study: 25 cases diagnosed with DLC by treadmill endoscopy and 25 controls in which treadmill endoscopy revealed no abnormal findings. Laryngeal radiography and ultrasonography were obtained in neutral and flexed head positions. Laryngeal positioning and laryngohyoid conformation were compared between the groups and head positions. RESULTS: Poll flexion induced a greater rostral advancement of the larynx in relation to the hyoid apparatus in resting harness racehorses affected with DLC compared to controls (P = 0.007). At the level of the vocal folds, poll flexion resulted in a smaller laryngeal lumen width in horses affected with DLC compared to controls (P = 0.04). Horses were significantly more likely to be affected with DLC when the thyrohyoid bone to thyroid cartilage distance was ≥12 mm in poll flexion (odds ratio 21.3, 95% confidence interval 3.65-124.8, P = 0.004) and when laryngeal lumen width at the level of the vocal folds was less in poll flexion than in the neutral head position (odds ratio 8.4; 95% confidence interval 1.6-44.1, P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: In DLC horses, poll flexion advanced the larynx more rostrally and resulted in a decreased airway lumen width compared to control horses. Laryngeal ultrasound and radiography may facilitate the diagnosis of DLC at rest.


Subject(s)
Horse Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Laryngeal Diseases/veterinary , Nasopharynx/diagnostic imaging , Animals , Horse Diseases/diagnosis , Horses , Radiography , Ultrasonography
3.
J Fish Dis ; 34(3): 217-25, 2011 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21306588

ABSTRACT

From mid-2004 to mid-2005, several grass carp, Ctenophayngodon idella (Valenciennes), showing evidence of spinal deformity were presented to the Aquatic Animal Health Program, Cornell University. The carp were from three separate locations in New York State. The first case involved several fish from a natural body of water in the Catskill Mountain region of south-eastern New York State. The second was a single affected individual from a private pond in the Fingerlakes region of Central New York State. The third was a single individual from the Cold Springs Harbor Fish Hatchery, Cold Springs Harbor, Long Island. All fish were at least 7 years of age. Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans revealed the deformities to be of bony origin. The spinal deformities were characterized by variable amounts of kyphosis, scoliosis and rotation. While it is not possible to determine the specific cause(s) of the lesions, we consider a genetic component as a likely contributor to the observed pathology.


Subject(s)
Carps/anatomy & histology , Carps/genetics , Spinal Diseases/congenital , Triploidy , Animals , Radiography , Spinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Spine/diagnostic imaging
4.
Equine Vet J ; 41(1): 59-64, 2009 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19301583

ABSTRACT

REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Dynamic laryngeal collapse (DLC) associated with poll flexion is a newly diagnosed upper respiratory tract obstructive disorder that causes poor racing performance. OBJECTIVES: To determine if Norwegian Coldblooded Trotters (NCTs) affected with DLC associated with poll flexion differ from normal, elite NCTs based on simple airway mechanics measurements. METHODS: Five normal elite NCTs and 6 NCTs diagnosed previously with DLC underwent treadmill videoendoscopy while tracheal pressures were measured continuously. Alternating head positions were used such that horses were exercised with free head carriage and induced poll flexion at heart rates >200 beats/min. RESULTS: Peak inspiratory tracheal pressures were significantly more negative for horses with DLC compared to the elite horses. This difference was only significant during the exercise phases when the poll region was flexed, P = 0.0015. Head position significantly affected peak inspiratory pressure for both elite and affected horses, P < 0.0001. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Induced poll flexion significantly affected peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) in all horses; however, PIPs were significantly more negative in those affected with DLC. Based upon the tracheal pressure measurements recorded in this study, DLC in NCTs is a severe obstructive upper respiratory tract disorder that is induced by poll flexion.


Subject(s)
Horse Diseases/physiopathology , Laryngeal Diseases/veterinary , Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/veterinary , Vocal Cords/physiopathology , Animals , Arytenoid Cartilage/pathology , Arytenoid Cartilage/physiopathology , Exercise Test/veterinary , Female , Horse Diseases/pathology , Horses , Laryngeal Diseases/pathology , Laryngeal Diseases/physiopathology , Laryngoscopy/veterinary , Larynx/pathology , Larynx/physiopathology , Male , Norway , Respiratory System/pathology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/pathology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/physiopathology , Video Recording , Vocal Cords/pathology
5.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 47(5): 476-81, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17009512

ABSTRACT

Nasopharyngeal and laryngeal evaluation is important when examining horses with upper airway signs for poor performance. Currently endoscopy is the most common method to evaluate the equine upper airway. Ultrasonography of the equine larynx has not previously been described. Using six cadaveric specimens and four standing horses, the ultrasonographic appearance of the equine larynx was established. A scanning technique, including useful acoustic windows and the normal ultrasonographic appearance at each site, is described. Ultrasound allowed visualization of portions of the hyoid apparatus, laryngeal cartilages, associated soft tissues, and intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal musculature, that are not seen using endoscopy. Additionally, real-time ultrasound allowed observation of the movement of the vocal folds and the arytenoid cartilages during respiration. In three horses with arytenoid chondritis, ultrasonography aided in the diagnosis and localization of arytenoid abcessation and perilaryngeal inflammation. The establishment of this technique will serve as the basis for future investigations in the evaluation of clinical patients with upper airway abnormalities.


Subject(s)
Horses/anatomy & histology , Larynx/anatomy & histology , Animals , Female , Horse Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Larynx/diagnostic imaging , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Reference Values , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnostic imaging , Respiratory Tract Infections/veterinary , Ultrasonography/veterinary
6.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 47(5): 507-9, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17009517

ABSTRACT

Because radioiodine (1-131) is excreted in urine and saliva, treated cats can accumulate I-131 on their coats from contacting soiled litter and grooming. This could result in removable radioactivity, which is a potential source of human exposure to radiation and specifically to internal contamination. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is removable radioactivity on cats treated with I-131. Daily wipe tests were performed for 7 days at two sites (both flanks, one site; and all four paws, one site) on six hyperthyroid cats treated with I-131. A y counter was used to determine the counts per minute (cpm) of the samples, which were converted to disintegrations per minute (dpm) to estimate activity. The results were compared to the New York State limits of removable activity for a non-controlled area (<1000dpm/100 cm2) to determine if the amount of removable activity was acceptable for a member of the public. The median value of removable activity was 241 dpm (range from 34 to 4184 dpm) for the flanks, and 308 dpm (range from 60 to 1890 dpm) for the paws. The amount of removable radioactivity on the surface of hospitalized cats treated with I-131 during the first week after treatment, occasionally and without obvious pattern, exceeded the New York State limit. Sporadic activity as high as 4148 dpm was found. It is prudent to advise owners to observe routine hygiene when handling cats after discharge to minimize the risk of internal contamination.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/metabolism , Cat Diseases/radiotherapy , Hyperthyroidism/veterinary , Iodine Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics , Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Cats , Environmental Exposure , Female , Hyperthyroidism/metabolism , Hyperthyroidism/radiotherapy , Iodine Radioisotopes/adverse effects , Male , Radiation Protection , Radiopharmaceuticals/adverse effects , Radiotherapy Dosage
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...