Racial Disparities and Mental Health Effects Within Prostate Cancer.

Disparities in prostate cancer (PCa) exist at all stages: screening, diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, and mortality. Although there are a multitude of complex biological (e.g., genetics, age at diagnosis, PSA levels, Gleason score) and nonbiological (e.g., socioeconomic status, education level, health literacy) factors that contribute to PCa disparities, nonbiological factors may play a more significant role. One understudied aspect influencing PCa patients is mental health related to the quality of life. Overall, PCa patients report poorer mental health than non-PCa patients and have a higher incidence of depression and anxiety. Racial disparities in mental health, specifically in PCa patients, and how poor mental health impacts overall PCa outcomes require further study.

Profiling Hoarding Within the Five-Factor Model of Personality and Self-Determination Theory.

This study investigated the dispositional profile associated with hoarding symptoms by applying a personality and motivational trait perspective. A community sample oversampling high hoarding symptoms (N = 649, ages 18-74 years) completed an online questionnaire assessing hoarding, the five-factor model of personality, and general causality orientations drawn from self-determination theory. Personality aspects (10 traits), a level of measurement intermediate to factors (5 traits) and facets (30 traits), were assessed to provide greater specificity than a factor-level approach. Hoarding was correlated with neuroticism and conscientiousness. Aspects predicting hoarding were industriousness (C), orderliness (C), withdrawal (N), and assertiveness (E). Hoarding was significantly related to impersonal and control orientations, albeit with only slight (1.4%) incremental validity for general causality orientations above personality aspects in predicting hoarding. These findings may not generalize to a clinical treatment sample, and possible configurative interactions between traits were not assessed. This study extended the existing literature by reporting aspect-level personality and general causality orientation correlates of hoarding. These data may inform preventative monitoring and intervention programs, as well as predicting meaningful personality characteristics of hoarding clients.