ABSTRACT
Fortnightly application of Bacillus sphaericus (strain B101, serotype H5a5b) and B. thuringiensis var. israelensis (strain 164, serotype H-14) in two different waterways of Chennai @ 1 g/sq m surface area has resulted in significant reduction in both immature and adult densities of Culex quinquefasciatus Say. The use of these biolarvicides as biocontrol agents is suggested in the urban areas to control mosquitoes in general.
Subject(s)
Bacillus thuringiensis/physiology , Bacillus/physiology , Culex , Filariasis/transmission , Insect Vectors , Pest Control, Biological , Wuchereria bancrofti , AnimalsSubject(s)
Culicidae/physiology , Insect Bites and Stings , Animals , Feeding Behavior , Humans , IndiaABSTRACT
Anopheles culicifacies sensu lato collected from Rameshwaram island, Tamil Nadu state, India was identified as species B based on the diagnostic inversion karyotype Xab 2g1+h1 as observed in polytene chromosomes. Among male mitotic karyotypes made from larval neurogonial cells, two types were observed: one with an acrocentric Y-chromosome and the other with a sub-metacentric Y-chromosome, both had sub-metacentric X and metacentric autosomes. The Rameshwaram population is identical to species B in its genetic relationship with species A and C as determined by experimental hybridizations (sterile and fertile male hybrids, respectively).
Subject(s)
Anopheles/genetics , Animals , Crosses, Genetic , Female , Genetics, Population , Hybridization, Genetic , India , Karyotyping , Larva/genetics , Male , Y ChromosomeABSTRACT
WHO micro in vitro tests for chloroquine resistance in P. falciparum were carried out during November, 1987 in Madras city, Tamil Nadu and in Kundam PHC of Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh. Out of 6 samples tested from Madras city, 5 showed resistance to chloroquine. Likewise, out of 14 samples tested in Jabalpur, 12 (85.7%) showed resistance to chloroquine. All the 20 samples showed normal susceptibility to mefloquine.
Subject(s)
Chloroquine/pharmacology , Malaria/parasitology , Plasmodium falciparum/drug effects , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Resistance , Female , Humans , India , Male , Mefloquine/pharmacologySubject(s)
Anopheles , DDT , Hexachlorocyclohexane , Insect Vectors , Malaria/transmission , Animals , Insecticide Resistance , Mosquito ControlSubject(s)
Malaria/epidemiology , Animals , Culicidae/parasitology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , India , Insecticides , Plasmodium/isolation & purificationSubject(s)
Housing , Malaria/transmission , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Anopheles/parasitology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Insect Vectors , Malaria/epidemiology , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Anopheles/physiology , Insect Vectors/physiology , Animals , Cattle , Feeding Behavior , Humans , India , Population DensitySubject(s)
Anopheles , Population Density , Animals , Culex , DDT , Humans , India , Insect Bites and Stings , Insect Vectors , Malaria/transmission , SeasonsSubject(s)
Culicidae/parasitology , Fungi , Mermithoidea , Animals , India , Larva/parasitology , Mosquito ControlABSTRACT
Maternally inherited variants, which arose within a laboratory colony of Culex pipiens fatigans, have been studied by rearing cultures from single egg rafts. Segregation, i.e, variation of cytoplasmic incompatibility properties between the male progeny of individual females, was demonstrated. Also, from the daughters of individual females, sub-lines were derived within which all the males showed the same incompatibility or compatibility properties. Among the descendants of tetracycline-treated individuals were lines which superficially simulated these phenomena, but theses lines ultimately reverted to the cytoplasmic compatibility type of the strain which was submitted to the treatment. The types of variation s in cytoplasmic incompatibility properties that have been studied are discussed.
