ABSTRACT
Seven asymmetric zinc benzamidinate complexes featuring or lacking side-arm functionalities were synthesized. Using equimolar zinc reagent produced distinct dinuclear motifs [(C6H5-C = NC6H5)ZnEt]2 (R = tBu, 1; (CH2)2OMe, 2; (CH2)2NMe2, 3). Half the zinc reagent yielded dinuclear [(C6H5-C = NC6H5)2Zn]2 (R = tBu, 4) or mononuclear zinc bis(chelate) complexes (R = (CH2)2OMe, 5; (CH2)2NMe2, 6; CH2Py, 7). Molecular structures of 1-4 and 7 were determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Altering benzamidinate substituents modifies both coordination modes and catalytic activities in ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide. Specifically, complex 7 exhibits enhanced catalytic activity at 25 °C using 100 equivalents of L-lactide with a turnover frequency of 1820 h-1.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: According to Hochschild's (1983. The Managed Heart. Berkeley: University of California Press) classification of emotional labour, nursing staff express high emotional labour. This paper investigates how nursing staff influence job satisfaction and organizational commitment when they perform emotional labour. OBJECTIVES: This paper examines the relationship between emotional labour, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment from the perspective of nursing staff. DESIGN: A questionnaire survey was carried out to explore these interrelationships. SETTING: Teaching hospital in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: Questionnaires were distributed to 500 nursing staff; 295 valid questionnaires were collected and analysed-a 59% response rate. METHODS: The questionnaires contained items on emotional labour, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment as well as some basic socio-demographics. In addition, descriptive statistics, correlation and linear structure relation (LISREL) were computed. RESULTS: Emotional display rule (EDR) was significantly and negatively related to job satisfaction. Surface acting (SA) was not significantly related to job satisfaction but demonstrated a significantly negative relationship with organizational commitment. Deep acting (DA) significantly and positively correlated with job satisfaction but demonstrated no significance with organizational commitment. The variety of emotions required (VER) was not significantly related to job satisfaction; frequency and duration of interaction (FDI) and negatively related to job satisfaction; and job satisfaction significantly and positively correlated with organizational commitment. CONCLUSIONS: We found that some dimensions of emotional labour significantly relate to job satisfaction. Job satisfaction positively affects organizational commitment and has an intervening effect on DA and organizational commitment.
