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1.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 37(1): 11-18, ene. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-176995

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Analizar y comparar el poder predictivo de mortalidad a 30 días de varios biomarcadores (proteína C reactiva, procalcitonina, lactato, suPAR y proadrenomedulina) en los pacientes ancianos que acuden al servicio de Urgencias (SU) por un episodio de infección. Y, secundariamente, comprobar si estos mejoran la capacidad pronóstica de los criterios de sepsis (síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica y quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment [qSOFA]). Métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, multicéntrico y analítico. Se incluyó consecutivamente a pacientes de 75 o más años atendidos en 8 SU por un proceso infeccioso. Se analizaron 25 variables independientes (epidemiológicas, de comorbilidad, funcionales, clínicas y analíticas) que pudieran influir en la mortalidad a corto plazo (30 días). Resultados: Se incluyó a 136 pacientes, de los que 13 (9,5%) habían fallecido a los 30 días tras su consulta en el SU. La MRproADM es el biomarcador que consigue la mayor área bajo la curva ROC para predecir mortalidad a los 30 días (0,864; IC 95% 0,775-0,997; p < 0,001), con un punto de corte de mayor capacidad predictiva de 2,07 nmol/l, que ofrece una sensibilidad del 77% y una especificidad del 96%. La escala qSOFA ≥ 2 consigue un área bajo la curva ROC de 0,763 (IC 95% 0,623-0,903; p = 0,002), con una sensibilidad del 76% y una especificidad del 75%. El modelo combinado (MRproADM con qSOFA ≥2 ) mejora el área bajo la curva ROC a 0,878 (IC 95% 0,749-1; p < 0,001) y ofrece el mejor rendimiento pronóstico, con una sensibilidad del 69% y una especificidad del 97%. Conclusiones: En los pacientes ancianos que acuden al SU por un episodio de infección, la MRproADM presenta una capacidad pronóstica de mortalidad a los 30 días superior al resto de los biomarcadores, la qSOFA obtiene mayor rendimiento que los criterios de síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, y el modelo combinado qSOFA ≥ 2 con MRproADM > 2,07nmol/l mejora el poder predictivo de qSOFA


Objectives: To analyse and compare 30-day mortality prognostic power of several biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate, suPAR and pro-adremomedullin) in elderly patients seen in Emergency Departments (ED) due to infections. Secondly, if these could improve the prognostic accuracy of sepsis criteria (systemic inflammatory response syndrome and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment [qSOFA]). Methods: A prospective, observational, multicentre and analytical study. Patients aged 75 years and older who were treated for infection in the ED of 8 participating hospitals were enrolled consecutively. An assessment was made of 25 independent variables (epidemiological, comorbidity, functional, clinical and analytical variables) that could influence short-term mortality (at 30 days). Results: The study included 136 patients, 13 (9.5%) of whom died within 30 days of visiting the ED. MR-proADM is the biomarker with the best area under the curve ROC to predict 30-day mortality (0.864; 95% CI 0.775-0.997; P <.001) with a prognostic cut-off > 2.07nmol/l, sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 96%. The qSOFA score ≥ 2 had an area under the curve ROC of 0.763 (95% CI 0.623-0.903; P=.002), sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 75%. The mixed model (MR-proADM plus qSOFA ≥ 2) improved the area under the curve ROC to 0.878 (95% CI 0.749-1; P < .001) with the best prognostic performance with sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 97%. Conclusions: MR-proADM showed the best performance for 30-day mortality prognostic power compared to other biomarkers in elderly patients seen in EDs due to infections. qSOFA score achieves better results than systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and the mixed model (qSOFA ≥ 2 plus MR-proADM > 2.07nmol/l) increased the predictive power of qSOFA


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Old Age Assistance , Biomarkers/blood , Sepsis/blood , Sepsis/mortality , Prognosis , Emergency Medical Services , Prospective Studies , Observational Study , Time Factors
2.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29289378

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To analyse and compare 30-day mortality prognostic power of several biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate, suPAR and pro-adremomedullin) in elderly patients seen in Emergency Departments (ED) due to infections. Secondly, if these could improve the prognostic accuracy of sepsis criteria (systemic inflammatory response syndrome and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment [qSOFA]). METHODS: A prospective, observational, multicentre and analytical study. Patients aged 75 years and older who were treated for infection in the ED of 8 participating hospitals were enrolled consecutively. An assessment was made of 25 independent variables (epidemiological, comorbidity, functional, clinical and analytical variables) that could influence short-term mortality (at 30 days). RESULTS: The study included 136 patients, 13 (9.5%) of whom died within 30 days of visiting the ED. MR-proADM is the biomarker with the best area under the curve ROC to predict 30-day mortality (0.864; 95% CI 0.775-0.997; P<.001) with a prognostic cut-off>2.07nmol/l, sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 96%. The qSOFA score≥2 had an area under the curve ROC of 0.763 (95% CI 0.623-0.903; P=.002), sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 75%. The mixed model (MR-proADM plus qSOFA≥2) improved the area under the curve ROC to 0.878 (95% CI 0.749-1; P<.001) with the best prognostic performance with sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 97% CONCLUSIONS: MR-proADM showed the best performance for 30-day mortality prognostic power compared to other biomarkers in elderly patients seen in EDs due to infections. qSOFA score achieves better results than systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and the mixed model (qSOFA≥2 plus MR-proADM>2.07nmol/l) increased the predictive power of qSOFA.


Subject(s)
Infections/mortality , Aged, 80 and over , Biomarkers/blood , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Infections/blood , Infections/complications , Male , Organ Dysfunction Scores , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/blood , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/etiology , Time Factors
3.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 28(2): 89-96, abr. 2016. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-152411

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Reducir la tasa de eventos adversos (EA) derivados de catéteres vasculares periféricos (CVP) en pacientes atendidos en servicios de urgencias (SU), así como accidentes de bioseguridad en profesionales, mediante una estrategia que combine formación, protocolización de la indicación y catéteres de bioseguridad. Método: Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, observacional no postautorización en pacientes atendidos en el SU que precisen de CVP. El estudio tiene dos fases: en la primera se procede a formación, protocolización y monitorización mediante ua lista de comprobación, utilizando CVP convencionales. En la segunda fase se introducen CVP de bioseguridad. Se comparan ambas fases y sus resultados en la reducción de EA y bioseguridad. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 520 pacientes: 180 en fase I y 340 en fase II. Se evidencian deficiencias en la técnica relacionadas con la desinfección, mantenimiento del campo estéril y manejo de equipo y apósitos; algunos mejoran significativamente con la progresión del estudio en fase II. Se observaron 86 EA, 34 en Fase I (18,8%) y 52 en fase II (15,4%) (p = ns). Destaca una reducción del 50% de flebitis en fase II. Sobre bioseguridad se detectaron 8 casos (7 salpicaduras, 1 pinchazo accidental) con CVP convencionales (fase I) y 2 salpicaduras con CVP de bioseguridad (fase II), equivalente a una reducción del 36% de accidentes (p = 0,04), especialmente con catéteres de corta duración (p = 0,02). Conclusiones: La combinación de formación, protocolización de la indicación y empleo de CVP de bioseguridad se muestra como una intervención más efectiva para mejorar la seguridad del paciente y del profesional (AU)


Objectives: To test a strategy to reduce the rate of adverse events in patients and safety problems for emergency department staff who insert peripheral venous catheters (PVCs). The strategy consisted of training, implementing a protocol, and introducing safety-engineered PVCs. Methods: Prospective, multicenter, observational, preauthorization study in patients requiring PVC placement in an emergency department. The study had 2 phases. The first consisted of training, implementing a protocol for using conventional PVCs, and monitoring practice. The second phase introduced safety-engineered PVC sets. The number of adverse events in patients and threats to safety for staff were compared between the 2 phases. Results: A total of 520 patients were included, 180 in the first phase and 340 in the second. We detected breaches in aseptic technique, failure to maintain a sterile field, and improper management of safety equipment and devices. Some practices improved significantly during the second phase. Eighty-six adverse events occurred in the first phase and 52 (15.4%) in the second; the between-phase difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of postinfusion phlebitis was 50% lower in the second phase. Seven splash injuries and 1 accidental puncture occurred with conventional PVCs in the first phase; 2 splash injuries occurred with the safety-engineered PVCs in the second phase (36% decrease, P = .04). Differences were particularly noticeable for short-term PVC placements (P = .02). Conclusion: Combining training, a protocol, and the use of safety-engineered PVC sets offers an effective strategy for improving patient and staff safety (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Peripheral/adverse effects , Containment of Biohazards/prevention & control , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Catheter Obstruction/statistics & numerical data , Patient Safety/standards , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Emergency Treatment/standards
4.
Emergencias ; 28(2): 89-96, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29105429

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To test a strategy to reduce the rate of adverse events in patients and safety problems for emergency department staff who insert peripheral venous catheters (PVCs). The strategy consisted of training, implementing a protocol, and introducing safety-engineered PVCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, observational, preauthorization study in patients requiring PVC placement in an emergency department. The study had 2 phases. The first consisted of training, implementing a protocol for using conventional PVCs, and monitoring practice. The second phase introduced safety-engineered PVC sets. The number of adverse events in patients and threats to safety for staff were compared between the 2 phases. RESULTS: A total of 520 patients were included, 180 in the first phase and 340 in the second. We detected breaches in aseptic technique, failure to maintain a sterile field, and improper management of safety equipment and devices. Some practices improved significantly during the second phase. Eighty-six adverse events occurred in the first phase and 52 (15.4%) in the second; the between-phase difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of postinfusion phlebitis was 50% lower in the second phase. Seven splash injuries and 1 accidental puncture occurred with conventional PVCs in the first phase; 2 splash injuries occurred with the safety-engineered PVCs in the second phase (36% decrease, P = .04). Differences were particularly noticeable for short-term PVC placements (P = .02). CONCLUSION: Combining training, a protocol, and the use of safety-engineered PVC sets offers an effective strategy for improving patient and staff safety.


OBJETIVO: Reducir la tasa de eventos adversos (EA) derivados de catéteres vasculares periféricos (CVP) en pacientes atendidos en servicios de urgencias (SU), así como accidentes de bioseguridad en profesionales, mediante una estrategia que combine formación, protocolización de la indicación y catéteres de bioseguridad. METODO: Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, observacional no postautorización en pacientes atendidos en el SU que precisen de CVP. El estudio tiene dos fases: en la primera se procede a formación, protocolización y monitorización mediante ua lista de comprobación, utilizando CVP convencionales. En la segunda fase se introducen CVP de bioseguridad. Se comparan ambas fases y sus resultados en la reducción de EA y bioseguridad. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 520 pacientes: 180 en fase I y 340 en fase II. Se evidencian deficiencias en la técnica relacionadas con la desinfección, mantenimiento del campo estéril y manejo de equipo y apósitos; algunos mejoran significativamente con la progresión del estudio en fase II. Se observaron 86 EA, 34 en Fase I (18,8%) y 52 en fase II (15,4%) (p = ns). Destaca una reducción del 50% de flebitis en fase II. Sobre bioseguridad se detectaron 8 casos (7 salpicaduras, 1 pinchazo accidental) con CVP convencionales (fase I) y 2 salpicaduras con CVP de bioseguridad (fase II), equivalente a una reducción del 36% de accidentes (p = 0,04), especialmente con catéteres de corta duración (p = 0,02). CONCLUSIONES: La combinación de formación, protocolización de la indicación y empleo de CVP de bioseguridad se muestra como una intervención más efectiva para mejorar la seguridad del paciente y del profesional.

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