ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effect of Danggui Buxuetang on lung histopathology and protein kinase D1 (PKD1), nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD)-mediated oxidative stress pathway in rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin, so as to explore the mechanism of intervention of pulmonary fibrosis.Method:Thirty-two male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, Danggui Buxuetang group and prednisone group, with 8 rats in each group. Except the sham operation group, the other groups were prepared through the intratracheal instillation with bleomycin. After modeling for 24 h, the rats of Danggui Buxuetang group were administered with Danggui Buxuetang (0.81 g·kg-1). The rats of prednisone group were given aqueous solution of prednisone (0.005 g·kg-1). The rats of sham operation group and model group were given the same volume of saline. After 14 days of administration, blood was collected from the femoral artery, serum was separated, and the lungs were taken by thoracotomy. The pathological changes of rat lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and Masson trichrome staining, and graded by Szapiel score and Ashcroft score at the same time. The content of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western blot were used to measure mRNA and protein expressions of PKD1, NF-κB, MnSOD.Result:Compared with the rats in sham operation group, the rats in model group had higher Szapiel scores and Ashcroft scores (P<0.05), higher serum MDA content , but lower SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities(P<0.01), moreover, the rat lung tissues in model group had higher mRNA and protein expressions of PKD1, NF-κB and MnSOD (P<0.01) than those in sham operation group. Compared with the rats in model group, the Szapiel scores and Ashcroft scores of the rats in Danggui Buxuetang group were decreased significantly（P<0.05）. The serum MDA content was decreased significantly, and SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities were increased, whereas mRNA and protein expressions of PKD1, NF-κB, MnSOD in the rat lung tissues were decreased（P<0.05，P<0.01）.Conclusion:Danggui Buxuetang can reduce the degree of pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the anti-oxidation pathway of PKD1/NF-κB/MnSOD mitochondrial nucleus and improving the body's antioxidant capacity.
ABSTRACT
Lab diagnostics plays an important role in Chinese medicine (CM) microscopic syndrome differentiation owe to its properties such as microcosmic, objectivity, and quantitation. It is not replaceable in identifying dormant syndrome. Besides, it plays important roles in studying the essence of CM syndromes, the modeling of CM syndromes, the microscopic classification of CM syndromes, and the typing of CM syndromes. Therefore, lab diagnostic indices are important indices for microscopic syndrome differentiation. Microscopic syndrome differentiation deduced from laboratory diagnostics has become beneficial complement for macroscopic syndrome differentiation. It will promote the formation of a brand new syndrome differentiation subject and the development of microscopic syndrome differentiation.
Subject(s)
Laboratories , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , MethodsABSTRACT
The integrative medicine concepts were analyzed from a brand-new view angle of lab diagnostics. The microcosmic, objective, early diagnostic, dynamic, and multi-point features of lab diagnostics can be integrated respectively with the macroscopic concept, experience, prevention ahead of disease attack, constant changing concept, and the wholism in Chinese medicine. The concept of integrative medicine in the lab diagnostics is of far-reaching significance in the clinics, research, and teaching of Chinese medicine, as well as the discipline construction of integrative medicine diagnostics. In addition, the complementarity and compatibility of Chinese medicine and lab diagnostics are studied.
Subject(s)
Integrative Medicine , Laboratories , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , MethodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Manpower and the quality of nurse anesthetists (NA) have become critical concerns in Taiwan over the past few decades because of increasing clinical demand and the supervision of NAs by anesthesiologists. To understand manpower distribution, clinical load, job description and limitations, and job satisfaction of NAs, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in Taiwan in 2005. METHODS: The structure of the questionnaire was initially developed by a drafting group that included members of the Taiwan Society of Anesthesiologists and the Taiwan Association of Nurse Anesthetists. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by specialists. The survey contained questions regarding the demographic characteristics of manpower (anesthesiologist/NA ratio), clinical work load, present job roles, professional expectations, job satisfaction, and reasons for career transfer. The questionnaires were mailed to the superintendents or matrons of NAs, and the administrators of anesthesiology departments across 228 institutions with different accreditation levels and 1953 NA staff between February 1 and December 31, 2005. RESULTS: The validity and reliability of the questionnaire for the department chief and anesthesiology nursing staff was 0.8 and 0.7, respectively. Questionnaires were returned by 113 executives (39 anesthesiology department directors, 74 NA superintendents or matrons) with a response rate of 49.6%, and from 1452 NAs with a response rate of 74.3%. The average clinical load (2002-2004) for the anesthesiologists was 1500-1700 cases/year and 350-380 cases/year for the NAs. The manpower ratio of attending anesthesiologists to NAs was 1:4.3, while the medical centers held the highest ratio. The job stipulation for NAs in Taiwan was compatible with that in the United States and there was a high consistency of opinions between the directors and NA superintendents or matrons. The average rate of career transfer was relatively low (5.5%). From the executives' view, the concerns regarding management of NAs included limited staff capacity, recruiting difficulty, shortage of staff and undefined roles for NAs. On the other hand, NAs showed relatively high job satisfaction and work acceptance and a lower turnover rate in comparison with the general nursing staff. CONCLUSION: This study represents the first large-scale assessment of the distribution, clinical load, and job satisfaction for NAs in Taiwan. The roles of NAs, which include preoperative preliminary preparation and postoperative intensive care, need to be more well-defined. To improve the quality of NAs and anesthetic care in Taiwan, it is vital to establish an official accreditation system and formal education programs, to institute well-defined and standardized job descriptions, and to improve resource allocation for NAs.
