ABSTRACT
To gain insight into the mechanism by which angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT(2)) regulates carcinogen-induced lung tumorigenesis, we have newly developed anti-AT(2) single chain variable fragment (ScFv) antibodies using a rodent phage-displayed recombinant antibody library with various peptide fragments of the receptor protein, and investigated the expression of the AT(2) receptor protein. The specificity of the antibodies was verified using AT(2) over-expressing COS-7 cells and AT(2) naturally expressing PC12W cells. In control wild type mouse lung, a stronger immunoreactivity was observed in bronchial epithelial cells. A moderate immunoreactivity was detected in pulmonary vascular walls and vascular endothelial cells. In the lungs possessing tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNK)-induced tumors, significantly increased AT(2) and AT(1 )immunostaining was observed in adenomatous lesions. These data suggest that the increase in both receptors' expression in the alveolar epithelial cells may be accompanied with the onset of NNK-induced tumorigenesis and hence play important roles in lung tumorigenesis.
Subject(s)
Antibodies/immunology , Antibody Specificity/immunology , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Lung/metabolism , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/immunology , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism , Animals , Cell Line , Chlorocebus aethiops , Immunohistochemistry , Lung/immunology , Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced , Lung Neoplasms/immunology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Mice , Mice, Knockout , Nitrosamines/pharmacology , Rats , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/deficiency , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/geneticsSubject(s)
Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Hemangiosarcoma/veterinary , Skin Neoplasms/veterinary , Animals , Anticarcinogenic Agents/therapeutic use , Biopsy, Needle/veterinary , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Fatal Outcome , Female , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnosis , Hemangiosarcoma/drug therapy , Hemangiosarcoma/secondary , Hyphema/veterinary , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/veterinary , Radiography , Skin/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapyABSTRACT
A lateral-flow immunoassay (LFT) was developed to detect bovine rotavirus in fecal samples. Using samples (n = 74) from diarrheic calves, a comparison of the LFT with a commercial latex agglutination test (LAT) and transmission electron microscopy (EM) was conducted. When EM was used as the reference method, initial studies of 29 samples indicated 70 and 80% sensitivities of the LFT and LAT, respectively, with both being 100% specific. When the LAT was the reference test, the LFT was 75% sensitive and 91% specific. Additional specimens (n = 45) were tested by the LFT and LAT alone, and results were identical for both methods.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/blood , Cattle Diseases/virology , Diarrhea/virology , Rotavirus Infections/veterinary , Animals , Antigens, Viral/immunology , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/immunology , Chromatography/methods , Diarrhea/immunology , Feces/virology , Immunoassay/methods , Rotavirus/immunology , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Rotavirus Infections/immunology , Rotavirus Infections/virologyABSTRACT
An immunohistochemical test was developed and validated for detection of Francisella tularensis antigen in tissues of cats with fatal tularemia. Ten cases of naturally occurring tularemia in cats were positive both by isolation of F. tularensis and immunohistochemical identification of F. tularensis antigen. Nine additional cases with lesions typical of tularemia were positive for F. tularensis antigen, although bacterial cultures were not performed. Immunohistochemical identification of F. tularensis in formalin-fixed tissue is valuable for establishing a rapid etiologic diagnosis under circumstances where fresh tissues may not be available for isolation and identification of the organism.
