ABSTRACT
145 patients were recruited in the trial while 130 completed it. Patients were randomized to receive zinc sulphate capsules. 220 mgm three times a day or identical placebo. Major outcome variable was 'Sickle cell crisis'. After a follow up of 1.5 years, the mean number of episodes of crisis was 2.46 +/- 1.04 in the intervention group and 5.29 +/- 2.58 in the control group (p < 0.025; 95% CI for difference between groups: 1.98, 3.42). Mean duration of hospital stay was 4.3 +/- 2.2 days in the intervention group and 3.9 +/- 1.6 days in the control group. The difference was not significant (p > 0.05). There was a significant reduction of the mean number of infective episodes and associated morbidity in patients with sickle cell anaemia.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/prevention & control , Antisickling Agents/therapeutic use , Sulfates/therapeutic use , Zinc Compounds/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood , Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Antisickling Agents/administration & dosage , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Capsules , Confidence Intervals , Double-Blind Method , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Length of Stay , Male , Placebos , Sulfates/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome , Zinc/blood , Zinc Compounds/administration & dosage , Zinc SulfateABSTRACT
Considering the multifactorial disposition and the need of primordial prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), a risk scoring system for the prediction of CHD was devised at Govt Medical College, Nagpur, India. In this pair-matched case-control study of 154 cases and 154 age and sex matched controls, socioeconomic status, physical inactivity, family history of CHD, type A personality characteristic, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, total serum cholesterol and oral contraceptive use (in women) were studied for association with CHD. The additive risk scoring system based on the results of conditional multiple logistic regression identified five factors, namely, socioeconomic status, physical inactivity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and toal serum cholesterol with statistical weights of 3,5,2,4 and 5 respectively. On back-validation using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, a total score of 12 was found to be the cut off point above which there was increased risk of CHD. The overall predictive accuracy of this system-equivalent to the area under the ROC curve-was 0.7962 (95% Confidence Interval 0.7468-0.8455). On prospective validation using a separate group of 140 cases and 140 controls, the predictive accuracy was found to be 0.6964 (95% Confidence Interval 0.6341-0.7587). Future studies need to assess the risk scoring system in population based studies.
Subject(s)
Coronary Disease/prevention & control , Risk Assessment , Adult , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Regression Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
In all 241 school going children from the adjacent villages in Rajura taluka of Chandrapur district in Maharashtra were screened for dental fluorosis. Additionally 38 adult persons were also screened. The population in these villages appears to be at risk for fluorosis. Water fluoride level of 20 ppm from the village Dhoptala is the highest reported fluoride concentration in drinking water sources in the state. The entire area needs further investigations.
Subject(s)
Developing Countries , Fluorosis, Dental/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Bone Diseases/epidemiology , Calcinosis/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/immunology , Rural Population , Adult , Complement System Proteins/analysis , Female , Humans , Immunity, Cellular , Immunoglobulins/analysis , India , MaleSubject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/drug therapy , Zinc/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Electrophysiology , Erythrocytes/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , Zinc/bloodSubject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Chest Pain/etiology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/genetics , Female , Homozygote , Humans , India , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Aortic Arch Syndromes/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aorta/pathology , Aortic Arch Syndromes/pathology , Child , Female , Humans , India , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Adequate kidney biopsy was studied in 54 cases of leprosy, of which 45 were of lepromatous leprosy, 4 of tuberculoid type and 5 belonged to borderline type of leprosy. Membranous glomerulonephritis (31.5%) was the commonest type of glomerular lesion followed by mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (11.1). It is concluded that renal lesions can occur in any type of leprosy. Reaction of renal tissues to M. leprae could be due to various local immunologic or physiological factors.
Subject(s)
Kidney/pathology , Leprosy/pathology , Adult , Female , Glomerulonephritis/pathology , Humans , Male , Nephritis, Interstitial/pathologySubject(s)
Agricultural Workers' Diseases/diagnosis , Cryptococcosis/diagnosis , Cryptococcus neoformans/ultrastructure , Cryptococcus/ultrastructure , L Forms , Adult , Bone Marrow/microbiology , Cell Wall , Chronic Disease , Cryptococcus neoformans/isolation & purification , Humans , Lymph Nodes/microbiology , MaleABSTRACT
This paper presents a study of 100 cases of leprosy of different clinical types. These 100 cases included 26 TT, 3 BT, 7 BB, 2 BL and 62 LL. All were subjected to skin biopsy and were classified on the basis of histopathological changes. It was observed that there was some disagreement in clinical and histopathological classification. Thus histopathologically there were 20 TT, 9 BT, 7 BB, 6 BL and 58 LL. It appears that skin biopsy may be studied in all cases of leprosy. A combination of clinical features and histological changes in skin biopsy may help in better classification of leprosy.
Subject(s)
Leprosy/classification , Humans , Leprosy/pathologyABSTRACT
This paper presents a review of 123 cases of leprosy of different clinical types as regards to their status of cellular immunity. These 123 cases included 41 fresh cases, 18 cases of reaction and 64 cases of leprosy taking antileprosy treatment. Out of 41 untreated cases only 11 turned up for follow up and their lymphoblastic transformation was repeated 4 to 6 months after initiating the treatment. It was observed that cell mediated immunity as expressed in terms of percentage of blast cells is definitely depressed in leprosy, most in LL and least in TT. There is a definite increase in the percentage of blast cells after taking antileprosy treatment. The rise in percentage of blast cells and hence cellular immunity is relatively more in patients treated with Lamprene as compared to those treated with DDS. Reactions also have impact over immunity in leprosy. Thus, most of the patients with ENL show higher values for blast percentage as compared to those with lepra reaction. It appears that serial lymphocyte cultures if done in all cases of leprosy undergoing treatment will help in assessment of individual progress.
Subject(s)
Immunity, Cellular , Leprosy/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Clofazimine/pharmacology , Clofazimine/therapeutic use , Dapsone/pharmacology , Dapsone/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Immunity, Cellular/drug effects , Leprostatic Agents/pharmacology , Leprostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Leprosy/drug therapy , MaleABSTRACT
This paper presents a review of 123 cases of leprosy of different clinical types as regards to their status of cellular immunity. These 123 cases included 41 fresh cases, 18 cases of reaction and 64 cases of leprosy taking antileprosy treatment. Out of 41 untreated cases only 11 turned up for follow up and their lymphoblastic transformation was repeated 4 to 6 months after initiating the treatment. It was observed that cell mediated immunity as expressed in terms of percentage of blast cells is definitely depressed in leprosy, most in LL and least in TT. There is a definite increase in the percentage of blast cells after taking antileprosy treatment. The rise in percentage of blast cells and hence cellular immunity is relatively more in patients treated with Lamprene as compared to those treated with DDS. Reactions also have impact over immunity in leprosy. Thus, most of the patients with ENL show higher values for blast percentage as compared to those with lepra reaction. It appears that serial lymphocyte cultures if done in all cases of leprosy undergoing treatment will help in assessment of individual progress.
