Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 14 de 14
Filter
1.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 276(2): 357-365, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30535977

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To present a modified method of local infiltration (MMLI) for endoscopic stapes surgery to reduce surgical time, bleeding and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved 70 patients who underwent stapes surgery for otosclerosis by endoscopic and microscopic approaches. The MMLI was applied as follows: local infiltration was performed with one hand while the other hand inserted the endoscope into the ear canal to observe vasoconstriction signs on the monitor; the single site of infiltration was located at the center of the anterior conchal cartilage. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, preservation of anatomical structures, postoperative hearing and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: The MMLI allowed for quick bleeding control and a clear and dry operative field. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss and preservation of anatomical structures were significantly reduced in the endoscopic group (P < 0.00) versus the microscopic group. The scutum was removed less frequent in the endoscopic group 7.1% versus 53.6% of the microscopic group (P < 0.00). The chorda tympani was preserved in all cases but it was more manipulated in the microscopic group 39.3% versus 9.5% of the endoscopic group (P < 0.00). No complications were observed and the hearing outcomes were significantly better than the preoperative thresholds. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report on the use of a MMLI for endoscopic stapes surgery. Using this method, the surgeon performs the infiltration at one site and concurrently observes the vasoconstriction signs without the use of a microscope, frontal lamp or speculum. This method provides benefits in terms of operative time and complications.


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Endoscopy/methods , Stapes Surgery/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Loss, Surgical , Endoscopes , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Male , Microscopy , Middle Aged , Operative Time , Otosclerosis/surgery , Pilot Projects , Postoperative Complications , Single-Blind Method , Young Adult
2.
J Surg Res ; 192(2): 678-85, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24952410

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The main postoperative complications after tonsillectomy are due to bleeding, and effective hemostasis may lead to a reduction of overall postoperative morbidity. This study was undertaken to determine the efficacy and safety of a novel kaolin-based hemostatic dressing in tonsillectomy. METHODS: A pilot, single-blind, open label study was performed in patients aged 3-20 y with history of chronic or hypertrophic tonsillitis. Cold dissection tonsillectomy (CDT) + ligature was performed by the same surgeon. Hemostasis on each tonsillar fossa was achieved using kaolin-impregnated gauze (KG; study group) or standard surgical cotton gauze (CG; control). Time to complete hemostasis, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, pain score, analgesic use, and return to normal diet and activity were recorded for all children. RESULTS: A total of 230 patients with a mean age of 8.0 y (138 in the study group and 92 in the control group) were included in the study. Both operative time and intraoperative blood loss were significantly reduced in the KG group (P < 0.0001) versus the CG group. At 5 min, 84.8% patients using the KG successfully achieved complete hemostasis versus 34.8% in the CG group where standard gauze controlled bleeding only partially. Results show significantly less pain for the KG group at 6- and 12-h postoperative when compared with the CG group (P < 0.0001). Also, the KG group required less analgesic medications, returned to normal diet and normal activities faster than the CG group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings show that the KG is effective and safe in managing surgical bleeding after tonsillectomy. In addition to rapid bleeding control, the dressing causes minimal inflammation and pain and allows patients to quickly return to normal activities. This novel dressing is a promising tool for ear, nose and throat surgical hemostasis.


Subject(s)
Bandages , Hemostatics/administration & dosage , Kaolin/administration & dosage , Postoperative Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Tonsillectomy/methods , Adolescent , Antidiarrheals/administration & dosage , Antidiarrheals/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hemostasis, Surgical/methods , Hemostatics/adverse effects , Humans , Kaolin/adverse effects , Male , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pilot Projects , Prospective Studies , Single-Blind Method , Surgical Sponges , Young Adult
3.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 51(2): 204-11, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23693111

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: the morbidity and mortality in surgery of gallbladder and biliary tract (SGBT) in the geriatric patient define the prognostic. The aim was to describe the perioperative and immediate post-operative complications of the geriatric patient undergoing SGBT. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with control group in patients older than 60 years was done. The patients were divided into two groups by age (I: 60-69 years and II: > 70 years). The variables analyzed were morbidity, anesthetic risk, type of surgery, perioperative and post-operative complications, conversion rate and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: a total of 236 patients were included: 65.2 % were females with a mean age 68.5 years. Chronic cholelithiasis accounted for 83 % and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was the procedure most commonly performed (72.8 %). Surgery was scheduled in 92 % cases and urgently in 8 %. In both groups, ASA rank was I-II in 76.2 % vs. 70.1 %; the conversion rate was 2.5 %. Complications were 13.5 %, of which 9.3 % were postoperative and 4.2 % of perioperative. Complications were higher in emergency surgery than elective surgery (36.8 % vs. 11.8 %). The average hospital stay was 4.2 days and there was no mortality. CONCLUSIONS: the age does not represent an increase in complications. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and applicable in elderly. Complications presented were related to the urgent nature of the surgery.


Introducción: en el anciano, la morbilidad posoperatoria en la cirugía de vesícula y vía biliar se relaciona con el pronóstico. Se describen las complicaciones trans y posoperatorias en el anciano sometido a esa cirugía. Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo en pacientes mayores de 60 años. Se integraron dos grupos: I, pacientes de 60 a 69 años; II, mayores de 70 años. Se registraron comorbilidad, riesgo quirúrgico, tipo de cirugía, complicaciones trans y posoperatorias inmediatas, conversión y estancia hospitalaria. Resultados: se incluyeron 236 pacientes (65.2 % mujeres) con edad media de 68.5 años. La colecistitis crónica litiásica representó 83 % y la colecistectomía laparoscópica se utilizó en 72.8 %. La cirugía fue programada en 92 %. Se identificó ASA I-II en 76.2 y 70.1 % de los grupos I y II, respectivamente; la conversión fue de 2.5 %. Hubo complicaciones en 13.5 % (9.3 % en el posoperatorio y 4.2 % en el transoperatorio) y su proporción fue mayor en las cirugías urgentes (36.8 %) que en las programadas (11.8 %). La estancia hospitalaria fue de 4.2 días. No hubo mortalidad. Conclusiones: las complicaciones no se incrementaron con la edad pero sí con la urgencia de la cirugía. La colecistectomía laparoscópica es segura en geriatría.


Subject(s)
Bile Duct Diseases/surgery , Gallbladder Diseases/surgery , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Age Factors , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
4.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 63(2): 93-101, mar.-abr. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101397

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo: Las enfermedades crónicas de herencia compleja o poligénicas (ECHC) contribuyen al deterioro irreversible cócleo-vestibular. Se determino el tipo y grado de disfunción cócleo-vestibular (DCV) en pacientes con ECHC. Métodos: Estudio transversal. Se incluyeron 385 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensión arterial sistémica y dislipidemia que acudieron a otorrinolaringología con síntomas auditivos y vestibulares. La función auditiva se evaluó mediante audiometría tonal convencional y la vestibular por electronistagmografía. Se registró antigüedad y número de comorbilidades, umbrales auditivos (125Hz a 8.000Hz), logoaudiometría, evaluación oculomotora y pruebas térmicas. Resultados: El 66,7% (IC95%,61,8 a 71,4) de los pacientes tuvieron un comórbido; 27,7% (IC95% 23,3 a 32,5) dos y 5,4%(IC95% 3,4 a 8,2) hipertensión arterial sistémica, diabetes mellitus y dislipidemia. La edad promedio fue de 62 años (DE 12,9) y 56,1% fueron mujeres. La mayoría presentaron obesidad, sedentarismo y tabaquismo (77,4%, IC95%: 72,8 a 81,4). La disfunción coclear fue más frecuente que la DCV (98,9%, IC95%: 97,3 a 99,7 frente a 36,1%, IC95%: 31,2 a 41,1, p=0,001). Sin embargo, la presencia de DCV fue significativa en pacientes mayores de 60 años (χ2 tend, p ≤ 0,001, odds ratio: 6,43) y con antigüedad de ECHC ≥ 11 años (χ2tend p ≤ 0,001, odds ratio:4,57). Conclusiones: La disfunción coclear ocurre en pacientes con ECHC y el impacto es mayor que el de la disfunción vestibular. Sin embargo, el factor edad, la antigüedad y el número de ECHC contribuyen a la DCV. Es necesario actuar sobre las ECHC y estilos de vida para mejorar la DCV(AU)


Introduction and objective: Polygenic or multifactorial inheritance of chronic disorders (MICD) contribute to irreversible cochleovestibular impairment. Our aim was to determine the type and degree of cochleovestibular dysfunction (CVD) in patients with MICD. Methods: Cross-sectional. We studied 385 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia who were referred to Otorhinolaryngology Unit with hearing and vestibular symptoms. The auditory function was evaluated using conventional tonal audiometry and the vestibular function by electronystagmography. Duration of the disease and number of comorbidities, hearing thresholds at 125-8000Hz pure tones, speech audiometry, oculomotor evaluation and thermal caloric tests were also analysed. Results: A total of 66.7% (95% CI, 61.8-73.4) of patients had 1 comorbidity; 27.7% (95% CI, 23.3-32.5) had 2 and 5.4% (95% CI, 3.4-8.2) had systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The mean age was 62 years (SD 12.9) and 57.1% were women. The majority showed obesity, physical inactivity and smoking (77.4%; 95% CI, 72.8-81.4). Cochlear dysfunction was more common than CVD (98.9%; 95% CI, 97.3-99.7 versus 36.1%; 95%CI, 31.2-41.1; P=.001). However, the presence of CVD was significant in patients over 60 years (χ2tend, P≤.001, odds ratio: 6.43) and with MICD ≥11 years old (χ2tend, P≤.001, odds ratio: 4.57).Conclusions: Cochlear dysfunction occurs in patients with MICD and the impact is greater than that of vestibular dysfunction. However, the age factor, duration and number of MICDs contribute to CVD. It is necessary to act on the MICDs and lifestyles to improve CVD(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Vestibular Diseases/complications , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Hypertension/complications , Audiometry , Dyslipidemias/complications , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Chronic Disease/prevention & control , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/complications , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/diagnosis , Vertigo/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Audiometry/methods , Electronystagmography/methods , Electronystagmography , Comorbidity , Odds Ratio , Informed Consent , Confidence Intervals
5.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 63(2): 93-101, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22153963

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Polygenic or multifactorial inheritance of chronic disorders (MICD) contribute to irreversible cochleovestibular impairment. Our aim was to determine the type and degree of cochleovestibular dysfunction (CVD) in patients with MICD. METHODS: Cross-sectional. We studied 385 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia who were referred to Otorhinolaryngology Unit with hearing and vestibular symptoms. The auditory function was evaluated using conventional tonal audiometry and the vestibular function by electronystagmography. Duration of the disease and number of comorbidities, hearing thresholds at 125-8000 Hz pure tones, speech audiometry, oculomotor evaluation and thermal caloric tests were also analysed. RESULTS: A total of 66.7% (95% CI, 61.8-73.4) of patients had 1 comorbidity; 27.7% (95% CI, 23.3-32.5) had 2 and 5.4% (95% CI, 3.4-8.2) had systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The mean age was 62 years (SD 12.9) and 57.1% were women. The majority showed obesity, physical inactivity and smoking (77.4%; 95% CI, 72.8-81.4). Cochlear dysfunction was more common than CVD (98.9%; 95% CI, 97.3-99.7 versus 36.1%; 95%CI, 31.2-41.1; P=.001). However, the presence of CVD was significant in patients over 60 years (χ(2)(tend), P≤.001, odds ratio: 6.43) and with MICD ≥11 years old (χ(2)(tend), P≤.001, odds ratio: 4.57). CONCLUSIONS: Cochlear dysfunction occurs in patients with MICD and the impact is greater than that of vestibular dysfunction. However, the age factor, duration and number of MICDs contribute to CVD. It is necessary to act on the MICDs and lifestyles to improve CVD.


Subject(s)
Cochlear Diseases/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Vestibular Diseases/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Causality , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Obesity/epidemiology , Sedentary Behavior , Smoking/epidemiology , Tinnitus/epidemiology , Vertigo/epidemiology
6.
Vet. Méx ; 39(1): 55-66, ene.-mar. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-632866

ABSTRACT

Peripheral nerves can be injured by traumatisms or mechanical causes, and thermal, ischemic or tumoral damage, this could present inconveniences of the mobility, sensibility and loss of motor function at the denervated area. The surgical techniques applied to repair nerves have gone through several phases of evolution such as the tubulization technique which consists of a prosthesis with a pipe shape at the segment injured. In this work the biomaterial utilized to manufacture the prosthesis was chitosan, since this compound allows to incorporate to its matrix promoting nervous growing substances that are released in situ for a long time while being degraded by titular lysosomes of organic origin. It is known, by diverse studies, that several neurosteroids are involved during the regeneration process of peripheral nerves, which functions are already described, as pregnenolone. In order to determine if there was or not regeneration and the degree of maturity of this ,12 young French Poodle female dogs of 1 to 1.5 years old were used (four were used as intact control group, four were subjected to tubulization technique with chitosan, and four went into tubulization technique with chitosan and pregnenolone neurosteroid, which is a stem hormone), in order to correct 15 mm of axotomized segment. The regenerated nerves were evaluated by means of electronic microscopy of transmission and light, performing cross cuts of 60-70 nm and 1 urn in thickness for their histological analysis. The morphological findings showed a similar structure to that of an intact nerve, since the number of myelinated axons, not myelinated and the proportion "g" (which indicates the ripening degree of the axon), were similar, indicating that the regeneration of the axotomized nerves and tubulization was achieved, independently of the administered treatment.


Los nervios periféricos se pueden lesionar por traumatismos o causas mecánicas, térmicas, daño isquémico o tumoral, pudiendo presentar trastornos de la movilidad, sensibilidad y pérdida de la función motora en el área denervada. Las técnicas quirúrgicas aplicadas en la reparación nerviosa han pasado a través de varias etapas de evolución, como la técnica de tubulización, que cosiste en usar una prótesis en forma de tubo en el segmento lesionado. En este trabajo se utilizó el biomaterial quitosana para fabricar las prótesis, ya que permite incorporar a su matriz sustancias promotoras del crecimiento nervioso que se liberan de forma prolongada in situ al ser degradado por lisosomas titulares por ser de origen orgánico. Se sabe, por diversos estudios, que en el proceso de regeneración participan diversos neuroesteroides en nervios periféricos, cuyas funciones están ya descritas, como la pregnenolona. Para determinar si había o no regeneración y el grado de madurez de ésta, se utilizaron 12 hembras, adultas jóvenes, de la raza French Poodle, de entre 1 y 1.5 años de edad (cuatro se utilizaron como grupo testigo intacto, cuatro fueron tubulizadas con quitosana, y cuatro se tubulizaron con quitosana y el neuroesteroide pregnenolona, que es una hormona madre), para corregir un segmento de 15 mm que fue axotomizado. Los nervios regenerados se evaluaron mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión y de luz, efectuando cortes transversales de 60-70 nm y ljim de espesor, para su análisis histológico. Los hallazgos morfológicos evidenciaron una estructura similar a la de un nervio intacto, ya que el número de axones mielinizados, no mielinizados y la proporción "g" (que indica el grado de maduración del axón) fueron semejantes, lo que indica que la regeneración de los nervios axotomizados y tubulizados se logró, independientemente del tratamiento aplicado.

7.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 46(3): 315-22, 2008.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19133210

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to know the etiology, topography, degree of hearing loss and coexisting morbidity in outpatient otorhinolaryngology service at Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco. METHODS: descriptive and transversal study of 393 patients older than 12 years, were studied during 12 months. They were sent to the otorhinolaryngology service from five hospitals in Guadalajara. Three population groups were made (adolescents, adults and elderly); medical history, otoscopy and conventional tone audiometry was carried out. RESULTS: the average age of patients was 51.2 (SD 4.2 years), 57.8 % were women and 58.5 % adults. Of the 786 examined ears, 91.9 % (95% CI = 89.8-93.7) had hearing loss; chronic suppurative otitis media with or without sensorineural factor, was the most common of hearing loss, affecting 25.4 % (95% CI = 22.3-28.7) of the 723 hearing loss ears; after mixed cochleopathies (21.8 %, 95% CI = 18.8-25). Sensorineural hearing loss occurred in 85.6 % (95% CI = 82.8-88) and 31 % (95% CI= 27.4-34.3) had moderate hearing loss. The most common coexisting morbidity were high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS: our data suggest that hearing loss in population study is a treatable pathology, this information will aid in the promotion of preventive measures for opportune detection of otitis and comorbidity and to implement detection campaigns in population of risk, schools and labor centers.


Subject(s)
Hearing Loss , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hearing Loss/complications , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/etiology , Hospital Departments , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Otolaryngology , Young Adult
8.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 45(4): 321-8, 2007.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17949569

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and incidence of delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) in hospitalized elderly patients in the geriatric department of IMSS General Hospital No. 89, at Guadalajara, Jalisco. METHODS: Between May and October 2005, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with patients older than 60 years that were admitted to the geriatric department. The CAM was used to detect delirium and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to identify cognitive impairment; also, comorbidity, length of hospital stay and mortality were analyzed. RESULTS: According to CAM, the prevalence of delirium was 38.3 % and the incidence was 11.7%. 48.5% of patients who had developed delirium previously showed cognitive impairment. Patients who experienced delirium were older when compared to non-delirious patients (80 +/- 8.7 versus 74. 4 +/- 8.9 years of age; p < 0. 001). Similarly, length of hospital stay was higher among patients who developed delirium when compared with patients who never developed it (7.5 +/- 2.9 versus 5.8 +/- 2.6 days; p < 0.001). Pneumonia and uremia were most common in delirious patients. CONCLUSION: The CAM and MMSE seems to be an acceptable screening instrument for delirium and cognitive impairment; using theses tests routinely could contribute to improve quality of care for these patients.


Subject(s)
Delirium/diagnosis , Delirium/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Surveys and Questionnaires , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Psychological Tests
9.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 43(2): 103-16, 2005.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16089280

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To know the frequency of chronic and hypertrophic adenotonsillitis, affected population, coexisting morbidity and surgical procedures in a population of Zone 89, IMSS at Guadalajara, Jalisco. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive, transversal and prospective study of patients with diagnosis of chronic and hypertrophic adenotonsillitis treated between January 2000 and October 2001 were studied. Through age groups were analyzed coexisting morbidity and surgical procedures. RESULTS: Of the 3600 patients with chronic and hypertrophic adenotonsillitis evaluated, they were distinguished 3 age groups that are characterized by coexisting morbidity, the average age group (45%) was between 6 to 10 years and characterized by the presence of chronic sinusitis, otitis media with effusion and recurrent otitis media; while the children younger than 5 years (30.3%) prevailed the obstruction of the upper respiratory tract, chronic sinusitis, bronchitis and otitis media with effusion; however, all individuals aged from 16 to 49 years (9.4%) was notary the presence of chronic otitis media and peritonsillar abscess. CONCLUSIONS: The present study represented the first step for future studies and permitted us to understand the frequency and coexisting morbidity of this pathology in our medium. The usefulness of this study will contribute to the promotion of prevention measures, opportune detection of complications, acquire new methods of bacteriologies diagnostics and therapeutic strategies. It is possible that new prevention measures will chain react a new series of events that will translate into a reduction of this pathology, surgeries and complications.


Subject(s)
Adenoids/pathology , Palatine Tonsil/pathology , Tonsillitis/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Hypertrophy , Infant , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Tonsillitis/complications
10.
An. otorrinolaringol. mex ; 46(4): 128-140, sept.-nov. 2001. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-312373

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad, la utilización de nuevos métodos quirúrgicos para evitar el injerto nervioso, mediante el uso de compuestos bioactivos, se ha constituido en un campo emergente de biotecnología orientada a la reparación de lesiones nerviosas utilizando compuestos neurotróficos o células liberados desde el biomaterial en contacto con el tejido dañado. Hasta el presente no existen reportes del biomaterial quitosana en la tubulización de nervios craneales y como vehículo de liberación in situ de neuroesteroides. Mediante cromatografía de gases se analizó la liberación de neuroesteroides desde prótesis de quitosana implantadas vía subcutánea y el crecimiento nervioso fue analizado mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión y análisis morfométrico a los 15 y 45 días después de la axotomía. Los neuroesteroides presentes en las prótesis de quitosana fueron liberados en un periodo mayor de 60 días. A los 15 días de la axotomía los segmentos proximal y distal de los crecimientos nerviosos tratados con neuroesteroides revelaron fibras nerviosas no mielinizados y células de Schwann los cuales mostraron diferencias significativas con respecto de los nervios vehículo. A los 45 días, se distinguieron fibras nerviosas mielinizadas de diferentes calibres y grados de mielinización. Los principales efectos favorables sobre regeneración nerviosa se observaron por la influencia de progesterona, evidenciadas por un incremento en el numero de fibras mielinizadas, diámetro, proporción g en comparación con el nervio control vehículo. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la utilidad del biomaterial quitosana como prótesis y vehículo de liberación de neuroesteroides para promover la regeneración nerviosa.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Absorbable Implants , Chitin , Facial Nerve , Nerve Regeneration , Myelin Sheath , Steroids
11.
Rev. méd. IMSS ; 39(4): 295-302, jul.-ago. 2001. tab, ilus, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-306589

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el pronóstico funcional de un nervio seccionado en mano se relaciona con la edad, naturaleza de la herida, complejidad de la lesión, técnica quirúrgica y rehabilitación. Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de secciones traumáticas de nervios periféricos en mano, en pacientes de la Clínica de Mano, Hospital General de Zona 89, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara Jalisco, durante el primer semestre del año 2000.Metodología: análisis de consultas de urgencias, expedientes clínicos y atención de pacientes en el servicio de urgencias. Resultados: se evaluaron 976 pacientes, 75.4 por ciento del género masculino; se trató de 57 lesiones traumáticas de nervios periféricos en mano; la prevalencia fue de 5.8 y 98 por ciento ocurrió en el centro de trabajo; el rango de edad osciló entre 15 y 59 años (media 26.3). Las lesiones por agentes cortantes sucedieron en 44 por ciento, aplastamiento 35 por ciento, amputaciones 21 por ciento, la mayoría se asoció con fracturas y lesiones tendinosas. Aunque los nervios digitales fueron los más afectados, los nervios mediano, cubital y radial fueron afectados en 37 por ciento. Las lesiones se repararon por técnicas quirúrgicas convencionales durante las primeras 12 horas de haberse producido.Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos son útiles para conocer la prevalencia de secciones nerviosas en mano, mostrar las posibles complicaciones a largo plazo, para así promover medidas de prevención e instrumentar nuevas estrategias en la reparación de nervios periféricos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Social Security , Hand Injuries , Peripheral Nerves/injuries , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods
12.
An. otorrinolaringol. mex ; 45(3): 96-102, jun.-ago. 2000. ilus, tab, graf, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-304277

ABSTRACT

Estudios in vivo en el nervio ciático de ratones demostraron que los neuroesteroides progesterona y su precursor pregnenolona promueven la mielinización en el sistema nervioso periférico. Se utilizó la rama bucal del nervio facial de 99 hámster machos y se analizó la regeneración nerviosa en defectos nerviosos de 6 y 8 mm de longitud a los 15, 30, 60 y 90 días postlesión. Los segmentos nerviosos se introdujeron en tubos de Silastic, y se colocó en su interior progesterona o solución salina. La regeneración nerviosa fue evaluada mediante estudios de microscopía de luz, microscopía electrónica de transmisión, técnicas morfométricas y electromiografía. El análisis morfométrico reveló diferencias significativas entre los nervios regenerados tratados con neuroesteroides en comparación con los nervios de los grupos tratados con solución salina y el nervio normal: el número de fibras mielinizadas y el promedio del área de mielina fue mayor que los grupos tratados con salino. La mayor proporción de éxito (0.77-0.88) se logró en defectos de 6 mm y fue menor en defectos de 8 mm (0.12-0.25). Los resultados sugieren (a) se apoya la regeneración nerviosa mediante este método por la formación de un cable nervioso, lo que elimina potencialmente la necesidad de un injerto en la reparación de defectos nerviosos, y, (b) el uso de progesterona sistémica o en el interior de los tubos pueden tener influencia benéfica sobre la regeneración nerviosa.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Cricetinae , Facial Nerve , Progesterone , Nerve Regeneration , Nerve Fibers, Myelinated , Research
13.
An. otorrinolaringol. mex ; 38(2): 69-72, mar.-mayo 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-121235

ABSTRACT

Cien pacientes con vértigo de diferente etiología se dividieron en dos grupos aleatorios para valorar la eficacia de dos diferentes tratamientos sintomáticos. El grupo A se trató con alcalosis y rehabilitación con técnica de Cawthorne Cooksey, y el grupo B, con diversos medicamentos. En el grupo A se observó reducción en la intensidad y frecuencia del vértigo, a partir de los primeros 60 días en el 56 por ciento en comparación con 16 por ciento del grupo B. Se identificaron factores psicógenos en el 67 por ciento de los pacientes y 47 por ciento tenían diagnósticos previos de padecimientos psicosomáticos. Se postula que el estres reduce la eficacia del sistema eferente vestibular en su aspecto supresor, ocasionando un mal funcionamiento del vestíbulo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Alkalosis/psychology , Relaxation Therapy/trends , Vertigo/etiology , Alkalosis/therapy , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/therapy , Vertigo/psychology
14.
An. otorrinolaringol. mex ; 37(4): 391-3, sept.-nov. 1992.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-118298

ABSTRACT

La actinomicosis es una infección poco común en la cabeza y cuello y es todavía más rara la afección a nivel laríngeo. Dentro de la literatura mundial solo se han reportado 28 casos de actinomicosis laríngea. Se presenta un caso de actinomicosis laríngea que nos muestra como el diagnóstico se realiza solo por biopsia; se encuentra una tumoración exofítica sobre el seno piriforme derecho que ocasiona la presencia de parálisis de la cuerda vocal derecha y disfonía como única sintomatología; posterior al tratamiento médico sus manifestaciones laríngeas se resolvieron. La actinomicosis puede presentarse en una vaiedad de formas y simular otras infecciones o incluso neoplasia; debe aumentarse la sospecha de actinomicosis en cualesquiera de sus manifestaciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Actinomycetales Infections , Actinomycosis , Biopsy , Laryngeal Diseases
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...