ABSTRACT
Full-thickness macular holes are characterized by central dehiscence of neurosensory tissue and a reduction in visual acuity. According to Gass (1) and then Johnson and Gass, (2) full-thickness macular holes are caused by progressive vitreous cortex condensation, resulting in tangential traction with centrifugal displacement of photoreceptor elements at the fovea.
Subject(s)
Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Retinal Perforations/surgery , Adult , Aged , Chronic Disease , Drainage/methods , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Humans , Middle Aged , Retinal Perforations/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuitySubject(s)
Ciliary Body/surgery , Melanoma/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Uveal Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Choroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Choroid Neoplasms/surgery , Ciliary Body/pathology , Humans , Male , Melanoma/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography , Uveal Neoplasms/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Mass vaccination with reduced dose 1/50 Rev 1 strain live vaccine (1-2 10(9) colony forming units), administered subcutaneously, over a four and a half year period reduced the prevalence of Brucella melitensis in Kuwait's small ruminant population from 5.8% in 1993 to 2.02% in 1997. Serological test results using the Rose Bengal Plate Test, Rivanol Agglutination Test and Complement Fixation showed no evidence of persistence of positive serology in animals nine or more months after vaccination. Questionnaires and post-vaccination flock inspections found that the effects on gestation (abortions) were minimal--and not proven to be due to the vaccine. The conclusion from these findings is that mass vaccination with reduced dose Rev 1 administered by the subcutaneous route is a practical field strategy for control of Brucella melitensis.
Subject(s)
Brucella Vaccine , Brucella melitensis/immunology , Brucellosis/veterinary , Goat Diseases/prevention & control , Sheep Diseases/prevention & control , Vaccination/veterinary , Abortion, Veterinary/epidemiology , Agglutination Tests/veterinary , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/chemistry , Brucella Vaccine/administration & dosage , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Brucellosis/prevention & control , Complement Fixation Tests/veterinary , Ethacridine/chemistry , Female , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Goat Diseases/epidemiology , Goats , Injections, Subcutaneous/veterinary , Kuwait/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Rose Bengal/chemistry , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosageABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate visual recovery in unilateral traumatic cataracts in children treated with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and anterior vitrectomy. METHODS: Sixteen children with unilateral traumatic cataract between ages 3-10 years (mean, 5 years 8 months) were treated with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and anterior vitrectomy. Surgery was performed between 2 weeks and 7 months (mean, 7.75 weeks) after injury. Follow up was between 9 and 29 months (mean, 17.9 months). RESULTS: The most common postoperative complication was fibrinous uveitis, which developed in 4 children (25%). All eyes had a clear visual axis postoperatively; none required capsulotomy. The mean postoperative refraction was +0.9 diopters (range, +3.50 to -2.75 diopters). Three eyes (18.75%) had visual acuity of 6/9, 8 eyes (50%) had visual acuity of 6/12 or better, and 11 eyes (68.75%) had visual acuity of 6/18 or better. The cause of poor visual acuity was cystoid macular edema in one eye, macular scars in two eyes, and amblyopia in one eye. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral traumatic cataracts in children in whom aphakia is corrected with posterior chamber lens implantation combined with anterior vitrectomy result in good visual outcome, and we recommend this treatment modality in traumatic cataract in children.
