Comparison between Bilateral and Unilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

BACKGROUND: Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (BSSHL) is rare and assumed to be a different clinical entity compared to unilateral SSHL (USSHL). This study examined the differences between the idiopathic BSSHL and USSHL. METHODS: Forty-six sequential BSSHL patients (Se-BSSHL) and 68 simultaneous BSSHL (Si-BSSHL) were consecutively admitted between June 2008 and December 2015. Two sets of patients served as control groups: (1) USSHL patients with healthy contralateral ear and (2) USSHL patients with contralateral preexisting hearing loss (USSHLwCHL). We retrospectively analyzed differences among four cohorts using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Welch's t-test, and Chi-square test as appropriate before and after propensity score matching (PSM) based on age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: The prevalence of idiopathic BSSHL was 8.6% (114/1329) among the total SSHL patients. In the total cohort, USSHL patients tended to be younger, female, and tended to have lower BMI, renal parameters, and total cholesterol in addition to higher high-density lipoprotein compared to the other three groups. Most routine blood indicators, some coagulation markers, and immunoglobulin M (H = 13.4, P = 0.004) were significantly different among the study groups. After PSM, the major significant differences were found in audiometric characteristics. Si-BSSHL and Se-BSSHL patients demonstrated similar hearing thresholds as USSHL but were significantly better than the USSHLwCHL patients across most frequencies before and after treatment (H = 30.0, P < 0.001 for initial hearing and H = 12.0, P = 0.007 for final hearing). Moreover, the BSSHL patients showed different hearing loss distribution patterns (more descending type, χ2 = 33.8, P = 0.001) with less hearing gain (H = 17.5, P < 0.001) compared to the USSHL patients. CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic BSSHL is a relatively rare subtype of SSHL with a higher rate of descending audiogram type and inferior hearing outcome rather than being classified as a completely different disease entity compared to USSHL.

[Observation on Acupoint Sensitization Phenomenon in Experimental Myocardial Ischemia Rabbits].

OBJECTIVE: To develop an animal model suitable for the study of acupoint sensitization in myocardial ischemia(MI) animals by observing changes of the mechanical withdrawal threshold (pain threshold, PT). METHODS: Twenty New Zea-land rabbits were randomly divided into control and model groups (n=10 in each group). The controllable MI model was set up by installing a balloon occluder at the left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. Air inflation of the balloon was given for 5 min/time, twice a day (4-hours' interval) for continuous 5 days (the first stage of MI), with one day's rest, then, another 5 days' air inflation was conducted again (2nd stage of MI). Electrocardiogram (ECG) of the standard limb lead Ⅱ was recorded for assessing MI, and myocardial 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to verify the degree of ischemic myocardium. The PT of the skin areas of "Neiguan" (PC 6), "Shenmen" (HT 7),"Taixi"(KI 3),hind paw(HP)was detected under conscious conditions,before MI, on day 8(after recovery from MI), day 14 (the first stage of MI), and day 20 (the second stage of MI), respectively. RESULTS: The controllable MI model was successful due to a marked elevation of ECG ST Ⅱ after inflation of the implanted balloon and a distinct recovery after balloon deflation (P<0.05). The myocardial TTC staining showed that the area of the myocardial necrosis was about 10%. The PT values were significantly decreased in PC 6 area at the first stage of MI and in both PC 6 and HT 7 regions at the 2nd stage of MI (P<0.01), suggesting a close relationship between the acupoints of the Pericardium and Heart meridians and the heart in terms of the basic theory of Chinese medicine. CONCLUSIONS: MI may induce a reduction of PT of some related acupoints in MI rabbits, and the controllable MI model of the present study is helpful to the study of acupoint sensitization phenomenon after occurrence of visceral diseases.

Anticancer activity of recombinant Siva1 protein in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2.

AIMS: To clone and express Siva1 protein, and to investigate the role of Siva1 protein in proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The PCR fragment of Siva1 from human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 were double digested with BamHI and SalI and then induced into the pQE30 vector double digested by the same enzymes. The pQE30 vector harboring Siva1 was introduced into M15 competent cells and then induced by isopropyl ß -D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The Siva1 fusion protein was identified by 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and then separated and purified by Ni-affinity chromatography. Subsequently, the effects of recombinant Siva1 protein on proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration were assayed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: The transformed cells expressed Siva1 fusion protein with a molecular weight of approximately 12 kDa. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay showed that the Siva1 protein significantly inhibited the proliferation of the CNE-2 cells at a concentration of 10 µ mol/L. In addition, compared to the control, the Siva1 protein promoted the apoptosis of the cancer cells. And, the Siva1 protein greatly suppressed the invasion and migration of the cancer cells. In vivo, the Siva1 protein significantly inhibited the tumor growth of the tumor-bearing mice. Further, the Siva1 treatment markedly upregulated Bax, caspase-3, and downregulated Bcl-2 protein levels in the transplanted tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The Siva1 protein has a significant anticancer activity on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 including inhibiting proliferation, invasion, migration and promoting apoptosis of the cancer cells.

[Comparison of fluorescence spectroscopy and plasma-mass spectrometry results of the Meso/Cenozoic basic rocks in SE China and its geo-implication].

With comparison of the fluorescence spectroscopy and plasma-mass spectroscopy analysis results of the Meso/Cenozoic basic rocks of SE China, the authors found that the average SiO2 content of the Mesozoic basic rocks in this area is about 50%, while that of the Cenozoic basic rocks is about 43%. The former belongs to the basic group and the later to the ultrabasic group in igneous rock classification. Cenozoic basalts, accompanied with high magnesium content and low silica-alumina component, are obviously basic or ultrabasic rocks. Distinctive difference in the content of trace elements and of REE is also presented between the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic basic rocks. Distribution models of both trace elements and REE of the Mesozoic basic rocks are similar to those of the upper crust, and the models of the Cenozoic basic rocks are like those of OIB, indicating that basic rocks of the Cenozoic and OIB should originate from the mantle while that of the Mesozoic is from the bottom part of the upper crust with relationship to the evolution of the Mesozoic crustal magma layer of this area.