Natural history and malignant potential of simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IMPORTANCE: Postmenopausal ovarian masses are not uncommon, and the incidence of ovarian cancer rises sharply after menopause. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the natural history and malignant potential of postmenopausal simple ovarian cysts. EVIDENCE REVIEW: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), ClinicalTrials.gov , and ISRCTN (International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register) were searched from inception to January 31, 2022. Meta-analyses were conducted using R software. FINDINGS: Twelve cohort studies with 1,672 participants and 1,513 ovarian cysts were included. The rates of simple cysts remaining unchanged (38.90%; 95% CI, 19.79%-59.85%; P < 0.01) or disappearing (34.17%; 95% CI, 19.13%-50.93%; P < 0.01) were the highest during conservative observation. The surgery rate for the simple cyst was 19.04% (95% CI, 8.19%-32.92%; P < 0.01). The malignancy rate (including borderline tumors) was very low, approximately 1/10,000 (95% CI, 0% to 0.23%; P = 0.79). CONCLUSIONS: Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women were most likely to remain unchanged or disappear during follow-up. The malignancy rate was approximately 1 in 10,000. Personal preference is the most common reason for surgery.

[Effects of NF-kappaB inhibitor on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in cervical cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether cisplatin-induced apoptosis were increased when SiHa cells were preincubated with nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) inhibitors [aspirin, sulindac, curcumin or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC)]. METHODS: SiHa cells were preincubated 2 hours with aspirin, sulindac, curcumin and PDTC respectively, then a further incubation were done with cisplatin, and Western blot analysis were applied to detect P65 level of nuclear extraction. MTT assay was done to detect relative cell viability. TUNEL was applied to detect apoptosis rates. Flow cytometryies with PI staining were also used to detect apoptosis as well as cell cycle. RESULTS: When SiHa cells were pretreated with aspirin, sulindac, curcumin or PDTC, Western blot showed that the expression of P65 was inhibited upon cisplatin stimulus (P < 0.05). MTT assay demonstrated that a preincubation with NF-kappaB inhibitor could signifianctly increase cisplatin-induced chemosensitivity (P < 0.05). When cells pretreated with aspirin, sulindac, curcumin, or PDTC, TUNEL and flow cytometries assay showed that the apoptotic rates were all increased after 24 hours cisplatin stimulus (P < 0.05). Results of flow cytometries were also showed that a pretreation with aspirin, sulindac, curcumin, or PDTC could significantly increase cisplatin-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Aspirin, sulindac, curcumin and PDTC could all inhibit cisplatin induced NF-kappaB activiation, which could increase cispaltin-induced chemosensativity by augments of apoptosis.