ABSTRACT
The success of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgery depends not only on the surgical techniques, but also on an accurate surgical plan. The adoption of computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) has created a paradigm shift in surgical planning. However, planning an orthognathic operation using CASS differs fundamentally from planning using traditional methods. With this in mind, the Surgical Planning Laboratory of Houston Methodist Research Institute has developed a CASS protocol designed specifically for orthognathic surgery. The purpose of this article is to present an algorithm using virtual tools for planning a double-jaw orthognathic operation. This paper will serve as an operation manual for surgeons wanting to incorporate CASS into their clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Computer Simulation , Maxillofacial Abnormalities/surgery , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures , Patient Care Planning , Anatomic Landmarks , Cephalometry , Dental Impression Technique , Humans , Models, Anatomic , Surgery, Computer-Assisted , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Three-dimensional (3D) cephalometry is not as simple as just adding a 'third' dimension to a traditional two-dimensional cephalometric analysis. There are more complex issues in 3D analysis. These include how reference frames are created, how size, position, orientation and shape are measured, and how symmetry is assessed. The main purpose of this article is to present the geometric principles of 3D cephalometry. In addition, the Gateno-Xia cephalometric analysis is presented; this is the first 3D cephalometric analysis to observe these principles.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Cephalometry , Computer Simulation , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Maxillofacial Abnormalities/surgery , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures , Anatomic Landmarks , Dental Impression Technique , Humans , Models, Anatomic , Patient Care Planning , Surgery, Computer-Assisted , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Although 75% of intussusceptions occur within the first two years of life, they can also develop in teenage years. This is a case report of a 13-year old boy with an ileocolorectal intussusception from a large caecal hamartoma (10 x 6 x 2 cm3) adjacent to the ileocaecal valve. Partial resection of the ascending colon and terminal ileum was performed, and the pathology of the resected mass revealed a hamartoma. Ileocolorectal intussusception secondary to hamartoma represents a particularly rare event in the paediatric population. With early surgical intervention, this patient's outcome was uneventful.