Low Vitamin D Status Relates to the Poor Response of Peripheral Pulse Wave Velocity Following Acute Maximal Exercise in Healthy Young Men.

The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of vitamin D levels on peripheral pulse wave velocity (pPWV) following acute maximal exercise in healthy young adults. Fifty male healthy adults from National Chung Cheng University participated in the study. Participants were divided into the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) sufficiency group (n = 28, 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L) and deficiency group (n = 22, 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L). The acute maximal exercise was performed using an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. Additionally, the pPWV and blood pressure were obtained at rest and 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 min after acute maximal exercise. The results show that 25(OH)D deficiency group had higher pPWV at post-exercise (5.34 ± 0.71 vs. 4.79 ± 0.81 m/s, p < 0.05), post-exercise 15 min (5.13 ± 0.53 vs. 4.48 ± 0.66 m/s, p < 0.05) and post-exercise 30 min (5.26 ± 0.84 vs. 4.78 ± 0.50 m/s, p < 0.05) than the sufficiency group. Furthermore, there was a significant inverse correlation between 25(OH)D levels and pPWV following acute maximal exercise. Our study demonstrated that low vitamin D status relates to the poor response of pPWV following maximal exercise in healthy young men. Vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of incident cardiovascular events after acute exhaustive exercise, even in healthy and active adults.

[Effects of performing pelvic lymph node dissection before versus after radical cystectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacies of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (e-PLND) before or after radical cystectomy (RC). METHODS: From January 2003 to January 2013, a total of 107 patients underwent e-PLND plus RC. And their relevant clinical data were reviewed. Their median age was (62 ± 10) years. The e-PLND were divided into 10 regions and 6 groups according to the anatomic sites. Forty-seven (43.9%) underwent RC after e-PLND (group A) and 60 (56.1%) had RC before e-PLND (group B). Two groups were compared for operative duration, numbers of lymph nodes removed, metastatic rates of lymph node, dissected lymph node positive rates and operative complications. The results were analyzed with Chi-square or Student's test. RESULTS: Clinicopathological characteristics were comparable for two groups (P > 0.05). The mean operative durations of e-PLND were similar in both groups ( (83 ± 27) vs (78 ± 24) min , P > 0.05). The mean operative durations of RC were significantly shorter in group A than those in group B ( (79 ± 41) vs (113 ± 44) min, P < 0.01) . The mean number of lymph nodes removed (25.5 ± 9.7 vs 29.0 ± 8.4) and the mean number of lymph nodes removed at internal iliac (5.7 ± 2.9 vs 7.2 ± 3.5) and presacral (1.3 ± 1.1 vs 2.5 ± 1.6) regions were significantly fewer in group A than those in group B (all P < 0.05). The metastatic rates of lymph node (34.0% (16/47) vs 31.7% (19/60)), dissected lymph node positive rates (9.0% (108/1197) vs 7.5% (130/1743)) and operative complications (23.4% (11/47) vs 20.0% (12/60)) were similar in both groups (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: RC is performed preferably after e-PLND, and internal iliac and presacral area should be dissected for additional lymph nodes after RC.