ABSTRACT
An effective method for the synthesis of furans is developed via a tandem 1,2-acyloxy migration/intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition/aromatization of enol ether-tethered propargylic esters. The reaction exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, and excellent chemoselectivity. The isolation of dihydrofuran intermediates in some cases gives more insight into the [3 + 2] cycloisomerization process.
ABSTRACT
An efficient method to build various multisubstituted polycyclic indoline-annulated normal to medium-size rings through dearomatization of indole via a tandem 1,2-acyloxy migration/intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition process is described. The pentacyclic skeleton of strychnine could be synthesized via this tandem cycloaddition and a further Mannich reaction. This approach would provide a novel strategy to the synthesis of strychons alkaloids.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study and establish the fingerprints of Herba Senecionis Scandentis by RP-HPLC and LC-MS. METHOD: C18 column was used in the HPLC separation. The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 0.03% phosphoric acid with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL m x min(-1) and detection wavelength was 254 nm. RESULT: Under this selected chromatographic condition, good HPLC fingerprints of Senecio scandens were obtained. CONCLUSION: HPLC fingerprint facilitate the evaluation of the quality of Herba Senecionis Scandentis.
Subject(s)
Asteraceae/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
A quantitative method using HPLC-MS(2) has been developed for the determination of adonifoline, one of the retronecine-type hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don., a traditional Chinese herb. Using an orthogonal design test, a simple and rapid sample extraction method was developed. HPLC analysis was conducted using a C(18) column as stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and aqueous formic acid as mobile phase. Good linearity for adonifoline was found in the concentration range 0.12-4.18 microg/mL, and the HPLC-MS/MS method was shown to be appropriate, in terms of sensitivity, precision and reproducibility. The quantities of adonifoline in extracts of 18 plant samples from different collection sources and from different parts (flowers, leaves, thick stems, slim stems and roots) of S. scandens were determined using the newly developed HPLC/MS(2) analysis.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids/analysis , Senecio/chemistry , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods , Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids/chemistry , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To isolate the constituents of Senecio scandens and determine their structures. METHOD: Componds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and the structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. RESULT: Nine compounds were isolated as lupenone (1) , oleanane (2) , beta-sitosterol (3) , daucosterol (4) , adonifoline (5) , phydroxy benzeneacetic acid (6) , 2-(1,4-dihydroxy-cyclohexanyl) -acetic acid (7), hyperoside (8), linarin (9). CONCLUSION: These compounds were obtained from S. scandens for the first time except 4 and 6.
Subject(s)
Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Senecio/chemistry , Glycosides/chemistry , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Quercetin/analogs & derivatives , Quercetin/chemistry , Quercetin/isolation & purification , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Contemporary health policy dictates that health services have a demonstrable consumer focus and actively progress the issue of consumer participation in services. Given that costs of such initiatives are not insignificant, there is a responsibility to ensure that the resources are being directed to appropriate means, and are achieving worthwhile results. In examining the impact and effectiveness of consumer participation initiatives in their own Service, the authors undertook a qualitative study exploring the extent and quality of consumer participation following a three-year period of support and funding. Using trained consumers as interviewers, current consumers were asked about their perceptions and personal experience of "participation". Findings identified low familiarity and involvement with the concept of consumer participation overall. Barriers to involvement included lack of motivation or invitation, stigma, and a lack of information. A need to integrate consumer participation activities into the wider system was also noted. The authors conclude that simply devoting energy and resources to consumer initiatives, and thereby achieving a politically correct approach, may not be a worthwhile exercise. Such initiatives need to be based on evidence, available resources and identifiable and achievable outcomes, with a balance struck between endorsing the value of consumer participation and establishing realistic goals for what can be offered and managed.
