Duodenal Soft Tissue Sarcoma with GLI1 Gene Rearrangement: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Soft tissue tumors have various subtypes, among which sarcomas exhibit high malignant potential and poor prognosis. Malignant epithelioid tumor with GLI1 alterations was originally found in myopericytoma with t(7;12) translocation. However, recent studies indicated that it is a distinct tumor type characterized by multiple nodular distributions of oval or round epithelioid cells with a rich capillary network and a lack of specific immunophenotype. There are only a few cases reported worldwide and the optimal treatment is still being explored. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 31-year-old patient who presented with severe anemia and a large soft tissue mass in the duodenum. The patient underwent surgical resection with a negative margin, and none of the 15 lymph nodes tested positive for the tumor. Postoperative pathology and FISH testing further confirmed the presence of GLI1 disruption and S-100 and SMA negativity. Genetic testing revealed the ACTB-GLI1 fusion. No specific medication was offered after the surgery. No tumor recurrence was found during the 23-month follow-up period. The patient's quality of life is currently satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS Soft tissue sarcomas characterized by GLI1 gene rearrangement have a relatively less aggressive and metastatic nature, with the solid mass spreading minimally even as it grows. Patients can benefit from surgical resection, resulting in a relatively long period of tumor-free survival.

Audit to assess the quality of 916 prosthetic prescriptions of removable partial dentures.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the quality of prosthetic prescriptions of removable partial dentures (RPDs) and to analyze the current situation of the communication and information delivery between clinicians and technicians. METHODS: All RPD prosthetic prescriptions received by a major dental laboratory in 4 weeks were involved in a quality audit, and the prescriptions were divided into three groups in accordance with the grades of clients. The filling of prosthetic prescriptions was recorded. The items in the prescriptions for audit included the general information of the patient, the general information of the clinician, the design diagram information, other detailed information, and the return date. The prescriptions were categorized into four levels on the basis of their quality by two quality inspectors who have been working for more than 10 years. RESULTS: A total of 916 prescriptions were collected and assessed. The names in the general information of the patient and the clinician were filled out best, both at the rate of 97.6% (n=894). The return date was filled out worst, only at the rate of 6.4% (n=59). Of those prescriptions, 86.8% (n=795) exhibited inadequate design diagram information. The results of the quality assessment demonstrated that 74.2% of prescriptions were assessed as noncompliant ones and failed to meet the acceptable clinical quality standard. CONCLUSIONS: At present, the overall quality of RPD prosthetic prescriptions is poor. The responsibilities of clinicians and technicians are unclear, and the communication between them is not ideal.

Imipramine Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits the Metastatic Potential of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and deadly subtype of breast cancer, and there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. The highly metastatic and anti-apoptotic characteristics are known to be the major factors causing uncontrolled growth in TNBC. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been reported to inhibit the progression of highly metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used MTT assay, apoptosis markers flow cytometry analysis, open-source data analysis, NF-B reporter gene assay, and western blotting to elucidate the effect of imipramine on MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells. RESULTS: Imipramine induced caspase-mediated extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis and was potentially associated with patient overall survival. Furthermore, imipramine suppressed the invasion and migration abilities and the expression of metastasis-associated proteins in TNBC cells. CONCLUSION: Imipramine effectively suppressed TNBC progression by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting metastasis.

CircPTPRA promotes the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the miR-140-5p/LMNB1 axis.

BACKGROUND: Growing evidences suggest that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important factors in cancer progression. Nevertheless, the role of circRNAs in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. METHODS: CircPTPRA was identified based on our previous circRNA array data analysis. Wound healing, transwell, and EdU assays were performed to investigate the effect of circPTPRA on the migration, invasion, and proliferation of PDAC cells in vitro. RNA pull-down, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to verify the binding of circPTPRA with miR-140-5p. Subcutaneous xenograft model was constructed for in vivo experiment. RESULTS: CircPTPRA was significantly upregulated in PDAC tissues and cells compared to normal controls. Moreover, circPTPRA overexpression was positively correlated with lymph node invasion and worse prognosis in PDAC patients. In addition, overexpression of circPTPRA promoted PDAC migration, invasion, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circPTPRA upregulates LaminB1 (LMNB1) expression by sponging miR-140-5p and ultimately promotes the progression of PDAC. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that circPTPRA plays an important role in the progression of PDAC by sponging miR-140-5p. It can be explored as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for PDAC.

Intermittent Pringle maneuver combined with controlled low Central venous pressure prolongs hepatic hilum occlusion time in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by post hepatitis B cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The optimal occlusion and reperfusion time to balance blood loss and ischemia-reperfusion injury to the remnant liver remains unclear. The aim was to explore the clinical impact of prolonging the hepatic hilum occlusion time from 15 to 20 min using the intermittent Pringle maneuver (IPM) combined with controlled low central venous pressure (CLCVP).Methods: A total of 151 patients were included and divided into an experimental group (Group 20,75 cases) and a control group (Group 15,76 cases). In both groups, the hepatic hilum was blocked by the IPM combined with CLCVP to control intraoperative hepatic cross-sectional bleeding. The preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative parameters and safety were compared between the two groups.Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in the postoperative aminotransferase serum levels (p > 0.05). However, the operation time in Group 20 was significantly lower than that in Group 15 (222.4 ± 87.8 vs. 250.7 ± 94.5 min, p < 0.05). The procalcitonin at 1 day after operation in Group 20 was lower than that at 1 day after operation in Group 15 (0.78 ± 0.66 vs. 1.45 ± 1.33 ng/mL, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative bleeding, postoperative bile leakage and postoperative infection between the two groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions: For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis B cirrhosis, it is feasible and safe to prolong the hepatic hilum occlusion time from 15 to 20 min using the IPM combined with CLCVP.

XIAP and PHB1 Regulate Anoikis through Competitive Binding to TRAF6.

Anoikis resistance is a prerequisite for circulating tumor cells to survive. However, the mechanism underlying anoikis resistance is poorly understood. In the current study, the effect of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-induced NF-kB activation on anoikis susceptibility in tumor cells was evaluated. Differential TRAF6-binding proteins in anoikis-sensitive versus anoikis-resistant tumor cells were screened by LC/MS-MS analysis. The effects of TRAF6-binding proteins on the stability of TRAF6, the activation of NF-kB signaling and anoikis susceptibility in tumor cells were detected. We found that the loss of TRAF6 expression is an important molecular event linked to anoikis. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), an E3 ligase, can bind, ubiquitinate, and degrade TRAF6 and may lead to inactivation of NF-κB signaling and anoikis sensitivity. High expression of prohibitin 1 (PHB1) competes with XIAP for binding to TRAF6 and confers anoikis resistance to tumor cells. PHB1 and TRAF6 knockdown eliminated tumor cells from the circulation in vivo. Significant correlations between elevated PHB1 and TRAF6 expression and distant metastasis were observed in patients with oral cancer. Collectively, we elucidated a novel mechanism governing anoikis. Our data also indicated that TRAF6 and PHB1 are potential therapeutic targets for tumor cells disseminating in the circulation. IMPLICATIONS: Our data implicate that PHB1 competes with XIAP for binding to TRAF6 and confers anoikis resistance to tumor cells.

The safety and feasibility of laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy vs. open approach: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy (LRPS) is one of the most technically challenging and potentially hazardous procedures in laparoscopic liver resection. Although some available literature works demonstrated the safety and feasibility of LRPS, these data are limited to reports from a single institution and a small sample size without support from evidence-based medicine. So, we performed a meta-analysis to assess further the safety and feasibility of LRPS by comparing it with open right posterior sectionectomy (ORPS). Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for eligible studies comparing LRPS and open approaches. Random and fixed-effects models were used to calculate outcome measures. Results: Four studies involving a total of 541 patients were identified for inclusion: 250 in the LRPS group and 291 in the ORPS group. The postoperative complication and margin were not statistically different between the two groups (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.18 to 1.35, P = 0.17) (MD: 0.05, 95% CI: -0.47 to 0.57, P = 0.86), respectively. LRPS had a significantly longer operative time and shorter hospital stay (MD: 140.32, 95% CI: 16.73 to 263.91, P = 0.03) (MD: -1.64, 95% CI: -2.56 to -0.72, P = 0.0005) respectively. Conclusion: Data from currently available literature suggest that LRPS performed by an experienced surgeon is a safe and feasible procedure in selected patients and is associated with a reduction in the hospital stay.

Long-Term Effect of Pancreaticoduodenectomy Combined with Revascularization for Resectable Pancreatic Carcinoma in Elderly Patients.

BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with revascularization (PDR) is the main surgical procedure for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with venous system invasion, but this procedure is discouraged in elderly patients because of physical complexity. Our aim was to explore the differences of perioperative and survival in patients of different ages who underwent PDR. MATERIAL AND METHODS We reviewed data from PDAC patients undergoing PDR from 2007 to 2018. Patients were subdivided into 3 groups according to age: <60 years, 60-70 years, and ≥70 years. Postoperative complications and long-term survival were compared among the 3 groups. RESULTS From 626 patients, 185 had en bloc venous resection who underwent PDR (103, 55, and 27 patients from young to elderly). Increasing age was linked to a higher prevalence of ICU management (P=0.035) and more serious complications (grade ≥III, P=0.043); overall mortality was 8.1% and did not significantly differ among age-matched groups. Further, there was no difference in overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) based on age (<60, 60-70, ≥70, median OS were 9.7, 8.4 vs 9.1 months, respectively, P=0.787; median PFS were 6.9, 6.1 vs 8.4 months, respectively, P=0.603). However, patients <60 years whose tumors invaded the superior mesenteric vascular had better survival outcomes when compared with the other 2 groups (11.5 vs 8.4, 9.1 months, P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS The results show that age should not be considered an absolute contraindication for PDR, as elderly patients can achieve the same surgical efficacy and long-term survival prognosis.

Optimization of the dimension of computer numerical control-milled polyetheretherketone clasps: An in vitro evaluation of accuracy.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The accuracy and optimal dimensions of computer numerical control (CNC)-milled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) removable partial denture (RPD) clasps are unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the trueness and precision of CNC-milled PEEK clasps with different thicknesses and lengths. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ladder-shaped specimens of 2 thicknesses with 5 lengths of clasps were designed and milled with PEEK and commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) (n=6). All milled specimens were scanned and superimposed onto the design data. Three-dimensional and 2-dimensional deviation analyses were carried out to evaluate the trueness of milled PEEK clasps. The scanning data of each group were superimposed pairwise, and the 3-dimensional deviations were analyzed to evaluate the precision. Nonparametric tests, ANOVA, the Pearson correlation, and univariate linear regression were used for statistical analysis (α=.05). RESULTS: The deviation of trueness of the PEEK clasps (0.047 to 0.164 mm) was higher than that of the CP Ti clasps (0.037 to 0.060 mm) (P<.001). Increasing the length of the clasps increased the deviations (P<.001). Deviation in the 2 thicknesses was not significantly different (P=.210). The correlation coefficients of 1.0-mm-thick and 1.5-mm-thick PEEK and CP Ti clasps were 0.843, 0.794, 0.638, and 0.405. The positive correlation coefficients of PEEK were higher than those of CP Ti and those of 1.0-mm-thick clasps was higher than those of 1.5-mm-thick clasps. The deviations were evenly distributed in the 9-mm length of the clasp for CP Ti and in the 6-mm length of the clasp for PEEK. Beyond these lengths, deviations increased with increased length. The increasing amplitude of CP Ti was smaller than that of the PEEK group, and that of the 1.5-mm-thick clasp was smaller than that of the1.0-mm-thick clasp. The measured range of precision of PEEK clasps was 0.079 to 0.152 mm, while that of CP Ti clasps was 0.036 to 0.096 mm. CP Ti clasps tended to have better precision than PEEK clasps, except for the 1.0-mm-thick clasps with a length greater than 9 mm and the 1.5-mm-thick clasp with a 12-mm length. The correlation of the clasp length with precision showed that the lengths of 1.0-mm-thick clasps strongly influenced precision (PEEK, P=.020; CP Ti, P<.001); this correlation decreased sharply when the thickness of clasps was 1.5 mm (PEEK, P=.199; CP Ti, P=.107). CONCLUSIONS: Greater elasticity increased the deviations of milled clasps. The increased thickness helped the clasp remain stable during the milling process. The 1.5-mm-thick PEEK clasps in the 3-mm and 6-mm lengths were the optimal design tested.

Single-stage debridement via autogenous iliac bone graft through the OLIF corridor and lateral fixation in treating spontaneous single-level lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of mini-open oblique debridement and lumbar interbody fusion combined with lateral screw fixation for treating single-level pyogenic spondylodiscitis. METHODS: Twelve patients with single-level lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis underwent OLIF combined with lateral screw fixation were analyzed. Patients underwent follow-up for 12 to 24 months. The clinical characteristics, etiological examinations, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale score (VAS), postoperative complications, and the bony fusion rate were recorded. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period of time was 14.8 months. The average operative time and intra-operative blood loss were 129.0 ± 19.76 min and 309.2 ± 92.96 mL, respectively. No severe intra-operative complications were observed during surgery, except in 1 case that develops abdominal pain and distension after surgery, 2 cases that develop left-sided transient thigh pain/numbness and 8 cases that complains of donor site (iliac crest) pain. All of these symptoms disappeared 8 weeks after surgery. Tissue sample cultures were obtained from all patients intraoperatively and four (33.3%) were positive, including 2 with Staphylococcus aureus, 1 with Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 1 with Escherichia coli. During an average of 22.5 ± 2.1 days (range, 14-29 days) after surgery, WBC, CPR, and ESR levels in all patients had returned to normal. All patients were pain free with no recurring infection. Solid bony fusions were observed in all cases within 6 months, including 10 with I grade fusion, 2 with II grade fusion according to the classification suggested by Burkus et al. No fixation failure was observed during follow up and solid bony fusions were observed in all 12 patients at finally follow-up. A significant postoperative increase was also observed in the mean segmental height and lordosis (P < 0.05), followed by a slight decrease of segmental height and lordosis at final follow-up. At the final follow up, the mean VAS (1.5 ± 0.6) and ODI (18.9 ± 7.6) were significantly lower than VAS (8.4 ± 2.7) and ODI (71.2 ± 16.5) before surgery (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Single-stage debridement with autogenous iliac bone graft through the OLIF corridor and lateral fixation was a feasible surgical approach in our consecutive 12 cases of pyogenic spondylitis.

Evaluation of Velopharyngeal Closure Ratio by a New Semi-Automatic Detection Method Based on Nasopharyngoscopy With Image Processing Method.

ABSTRACT: The goal of this study is to develop and validate a novel semi-automatic detection method (SADM) under nasopharyngoscopy based on the image processing technique, which can assist the evaluation of the velar closure ratio (VCR). After the development of the SADM, 72 patients were enrolled. The reliability of SADM was evaluated by repeated measurements. Velar closure ratio are given by conventional nasopharyngoscopy method and SADM were compared. Velar closure ratios given by SADM were further translated into a trichotomous classification for velopharyngeal function diagnosis, that is, velopharyngeal closure (VPC), marginal VPC (MVPC), and velopharyngeal incomplete. The 2 VCR-thresholds used for the translation were explored and validated. As results shown, SADM was proved to be reliable with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.996 (95% confidence interval: 0.993-0.997, P < 0.001). Intraclass correlation coefficient between conventional nasopharyngoscopy method and SADM was 0.954 (95% confidence interval: 0.927- 0.971, P < 0.001). Velar closure ratio-thresholds were set at 0.82 and 0.92 according to the ROC curve. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for velopharyngeal incomplete were 1.00 and 1.00. MVPC had 0.58 sensitivity and 0.96 specificities while VPC had 0.92 and 0.79, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the diagnosis of SADM and speech pathologists (P > 0.1). In conclusion, this study successfully developed an accurate and reliable semi-automatic method to evaluate VCR, which could help improve the efficacy of VCR evaluation and velopharyngeal function diagnosis.

Digital Workflow for a Scleroderma Patient with Microstomia: A Clinical Report.

Making impressions in patients with microstomia is often rather problematic due to their restricted mouth opening. Herein, this report describes a novel digital workflow for making impressions with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) custom sectional trays for a 58-year-old female patient with scleroderma and microstomia. CAD/CAM custom sectional trays were made based on digital dentition models from another case with similar arch scale. After the sectional impressions were obtained, the sectional casts were scanned and digitally aligned to form the final dentition models. The removable partial dentures were designed on the final digital models and printed using a 3D printer. This procedure was executed with a successful prosthetic outcome that included good fit and acceptable esthetics. The patient also reported a high level of satisfaction.

Comparison of the accuracy of two⁃dimensional and three⁃dimensional photography in the facial measuremenof patients with unilateral cleft lip t / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To compare the measurement accuracy of two⁃dimensional (2D) photography and three⁃di⁃mensional (3D) photography in the analysis of the asymmetric appearance of children with cleft lip and palate and the influence of the severity of asymmetric deformity on the accuracy of facial measurement to guide clinical measurement work@* Methods@#Children with unilateral cleft lip were enrolled in this prospective study. Seven parameters⁃⁃the devia⁃tion of the pronasale, subnasale, and labrale superius, as well as the cleft/noncleft ratio of the width of nostrils, length and height of lateral lips and height of columella⁃were measured with Vernier calipers as the gold standard. Traditional 2D photography and 3D stereophotogrammetry photos were taken and measured. The extent of cleft malformation is indi⁃cated by the ratio of the cleft side to the noncleft side. The error size is represented by the ratio difference between two⁃dimensional photography or stereophotogrammetry with the ratio of the gold standard@* Results@#Thirteen patients were eventually recruited. The measurement results of the ratio of lateral lip height by 2D photography tended to be larger (P＝0.019), and the measurement results of the ratio of columella height tended to be smaller (P＝0.008). The measure⁃ment results of the deviation of the subnasale by stereophotogrammetry tended to be smaller (P＝0.003). The pronasale deviation (P＝0.022) with two⁃dimensional photography, the deviation of the labrale superius (P＝0.025) and the ratio of lateral lip length (P＝0.036) with stereophotogrammetry had a significant negative correlation with the extent of cleft malformation@* Conclusion@#Both two⁃dimensional photography and stereophotogrammetry have errors and biases that underexaggerate or overexaggerate the extent of cleft malformation, and some errors may increase with the decrease in the extent of cleft malformation. When applying two⁃dimensional and three⁃dimensional photography to analyze cleft lip and palate deformities, these biases should be considered to evaluate the face more objectively

Comparison of Plantar Pressure Distribution between Different Speed and Incline During Treadmill Jogging.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of changes in speed and incline slope on plantar pressure distribution of the foot during treadmill jogging. Plantar pressure parameters were measured with the Pedar-X system in twenty healthy girls (mean age of 20.7 years, mean height of 1.60m, and a mean weight of 53.35kg). Because variations in walking speed or slope can significantly change the magnitude of plantar pressure, comparisons of plantar pressure distribution between the two independent protocols during treadmill jogging were considered in this study. First, the subjects ran at the same speed of 2 m·s(-1) with different incline slopes of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Second, they ran on the same slope of 0% with different speeds of 1.5 m·s(-1), 2.0 m·s(-1), and 2.5 m·s(-1). The peak pressure of the eight plantar surface areas, apart from the medial forefoot and the hallux, significantly increased (p < 0.05) with an increase of 33% of peak pressure from 1.5 m·s(-1) to 2.5 m·s(-1) (speed) at heel region. In contrast, the peak pressures at the heel, medial fore-foot, toe and hallux decreased significantly (p < 0. 05) with increasing incline slope. At the heel, peak pressure reduced by 27% from 0% to 15% incline, however, pressure at the lateral midfoot region increased as following. Different speeds and incline slopes during jogging were associated with changes in plantar pressures. By systematic investigation of foot kinematics and plantar pressure during jogging with varying incline slope and speed, the results of this study provided further insight into foot biomechanics during jogging. Key pointsThe study aimed to compare the plantar pressure distribution of the foot between different incline and speed during treadmill jogging by using plantar insole measurement system.With the increase of speed, apart from the hallux and medical forefoot, the peak pressure of all regions was raised significantly.As the slope increased, there was reduced peak pressure of the heel, medial forefoot, and hallux and toes.