ABSTRACT
A rapid, selective and highly sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic investigation of eptifibatide in human plasma. Eptifibatide and the internal standard (IS), EPM-05, were extracted from plasma samples using solid phase extraction. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C(18) column at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Detection of eptifibatide and the IS was achieved by tandem mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface in positive ion mode. Traditional multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using the transition of m/z 832.6-->m/z 646.4 and m/z 931.6-->m/z 159.4 was performed to quantify eptifibatide and the IS, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 1-1000 ng/mL with the lower limit of quantitation validated at 1 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 13.3%, while the accuracy was within +/-7.6% of nominal values. The validated LC-MS/MS method was successfully applied for the evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters of eptifibatide after intravenous (i.v.) administration of a 45 microg/kg bolus of eptifibatide to 8 healthy volunteers.
Subject(s)
Peptides/blood , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/blood , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods , Asian People , Chromatography, Liquid , Drug Stability , Eptifibatide , Female , Health , Humans , Male , Peptides/chemistry , Peptides/pharmacokinetics , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/chemistry , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of Results , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A rapid and sensitive quantitative assay method was developed for determining ribavirin pharmacokinetic in human plasma. The chromatographic separation was achieved within 4.5 min using a SinoChrom ODS-BP column (4.6 x 150 mm, 5 microm) with acetonitrile-water (1 mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer, 0.1% formic acid; 15:85, v/v) at a constant flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The MRM pairs were m/z 245.2 --> m/z 113.1 for ribavirin and m/z 226.1 --> m/z 152.1 for acyclovir (internal standard), respectively, with dwell times of 200 ms for each transition. The results showed calibration curve for ribavirin was linear over a concentration range of 1-1000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL ribavirin. Twenty healthy volunteers received a 300 mg oral dose of ribavirin. Blood samples were then collected up to 120 h postdosing. All plasma data were comodeled for ribavirin by using noncompartmental modeling. The single dose of ribavirin was well tolerated and no serious adverse effects occurred. The mean time to maximum concentration was about 1.25 h. The mean maximum concentration of drug in plasma for oral ribavirin was 250 ng/mL. The mean elimination half-life was 43.6 h. The present study describes a simple, specific, sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method for measuring plasma drug concentration and analyzing human pharmacokinetics of ribavirin.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Ribavirin/blood , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods , Administration, Oral , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/blood , Antiviral Agents/pharmacokinetics , Asian People , China , Humans , Reproducibility of Results , Ribavirin/administration & dosage , Ribavirin/pharmacokineticsABSTRACT
A high-performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) for the determination of levofloxacin in human plasma is described. Neutralized with phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), the sample (0.1 mL) was extracted with dichlormethane (1 mL). After voltex-mixing and centrifuged at 3000g for 6 min at 4 degrees C, the upper aqueous layer was aspirated using a micro vacuum pump and the organic layer was directly transferred to a clean test tube without pipetting. The organic solvent was evaporated and the residues were reconstituted with the mobile phase. Levofloxacin and terazosin (internal standard, IS) were chromatographically separated on a C(18) column with a mobile phase containing phosphate buffer (pH 3.0, 10 mm), acetonitrile and triethylamine (76:24:0.076, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The analytes were detected using fluorescence detection at an excitation and emission wavelength of 295 and 440 nm, respectively. The linear range of the calibration curves was 0.0521-5.213 microg/mL for levofloxacin with a lower limit of quantitation (0.0521 microg/mL). The retention times of levofloxacin and terazosin were 2.5 and 3.1 min, respectively. Within- and between-run precision was less than 12 and 11%, respectively. Accuracy ranged from -6.3 to 4.5%. The recovery ranged from 86 to 89% at the concentrations of 0.0521, 0.5213 and 5.213 microg/mL. The present HPLC-FLD method is sensitive, efficient and reliable. The method described herein has been successfully used for the pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies of a levofloxacin formulation product after oral administration to healthy Chinese volunteers.
