ABSTRACT
A practical synthetic method for the synthesis of vinyl sulfonyl fluorides through copper-promoted direct fluorosulfonylation has been developed. The reaction of the vinylboronic acids with DABSO and then NFSI is performed under mild reaction conditions. This transformation efficiently affords aryl or alkyl vinyl sulfonyl fluorides with good reaction yields, exclusive E-configuration, broad substrate scope, excellent compatibility, and operational simplicity.
ABSTRACT
Brown rot, aspergillosis and soft rot are the primary diseases of postharvest peach fruit. Our study aimed to investigate the biocontrol effect of Wickerhamomyces anomalus on the primary postharvest diseases of peach fruit and to explore its underlying physiological mechanism. The findings demonstrated that W. anomalus had an obvious inhibitory effect on Monilinia fructicola, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer. At the same time, W. anomalus can grow stably on the wound and surface of peach fruit at 25 °C and 4 °C and can form biofilm. W. anomalus increased the activity of resistance-related enzymes such as PPO, POD, GLU and the content of secondary metabolites such as total phenols, flavonoids and lignin in peach. Furthermore, the application of W. anomalus led to a reduced MDA level in peach fruit and increased activity of the active oxygen-scavenging enzyme system. This increase involved various antioxidant defense enzymes such as SOD and CAT, as well as ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) enzymes, including APX, GPX, GR, DHAR, and MDHAR. Our findings demonstrate that W. anomalus exerts its biocontrol effect by growing rapidly, competing with pathogens for nutrition and space, and enhancing the disease resistance and antioxidative capabilities of the peach fruit.
