Should I speak up? How trust in leaders and leader-leader exchanges influence nurses' voice behaviour.

AIM: Discussing the nurses' voice behaviour could support the managers in making the right decisions and solve problems. DESIGN: This was a discursive paper. METHODS: The discursive was based on reviewing the literature. RESULTS: Nurses play a critical role in offering useful constructive advice, which leads to management figuring out and solving problems immediately for the purpose of bettering the working environment. Therefore, we assert that trust in leadership and the leader-leader exchange system also plays a critical role in enforcing voice behaviour. Trust is a crucial aspect of voice behaviour, and integrated trust in leadership and leader-leader exchange as a possible practical suggestion for the fostering of voice behaviour are proposed. Nurse managers must maintain a sense of reciprocal moral obligation in order to nurture value-driven voice behaviour. It is important that open dialogue, active listening and trust in leadership exist. Nurse managers must consider ways to foster mutual trust, and support and enable nurses to use voice behaviour in everyday practice.

Risk-facing or risk-avoiding? Group loyalty encourages subordinates to tell the truth.

The aim of this study is to understand individual motivation to speak up, which extends the application of voice behavior. Employing a cross-level moderation framework, this paper explored the relationship between employees' authoritarian leadership perceptions and their speaking-up behavior, as reported by supervisors, along with a moderating effect of group loyalty. Specifically, we propose a conceptual variable, "saying nothing but good news", which related to the choice of the selective disclosure of information to others. Utilizing data of 140 supervisors and 603 subordinates in the Taiwanese military, results of the hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis revealed that authoritarian leadership was negatively related to prohibitive voice, but positively related to saying nothing but good news. Group loyalty moderated the relationship between authoritarian leadership and prohibitive voice when group loyalty is high. Implications for management and future research are discussed.

Do you put your best foot forward? Interactive effects of task performance and impression management tactics on career outcomes.

This study aims to investigate the interactive effects of task performance and impression management tactics on career outcomes from the socioanalytic perspective. Based on a survey of 195 employee-supervisor dyads from various industries in Taiwan, a hierarchical regression analysis revealed that (1) the relationship between task performance and a one-year salary adjustment was greater among employees who frequently employ ingratiation than among those who do not, (2) the relationship between task performance and a one-year salary adjustment was greater among employees who frequently employ exemplification than among those who do not, and (3) the relationship between task performance and career satisfaction was greater among employees who frequently employ self-promotion than among those who do not. This study concludes by suggesting implications for research and practice, and offers some directions for future research.

Comparable ten-year outcome in hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus coinfection and single hepatitis B virus infection.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection in comparison with single HBV infection causes more severe liver disease in nonuremic population. The long-term impact of HBV/HCV coinfection on severity of liver diseases and patient survival in hemodialysis patients is unclear. Forty-eight HBV-positive patients and 19 HBV/HCV-positive patients were followed up from February 1996 to September 2006. During 10-year follow-up, there was no difference in acute hepatitis episodes, abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase period, occurrence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and patient survival between the two groups. The serum HBV DNA levels in HBV/HCV-positive patients were significantly lower than those in HBV-positive patients during the first 27-month follow-up. In conclusion, HCV infection suppresses the serum HBV DNA level in hemodialysis patients. Nevertheless, HBV/HCV coinfection in comparison with single HBV infection does not cause more severe liver diseases or reduce patient survival in hemodialysis patients during 10-year follow-up.

Is there any benefit to incorporating a laparoscopic procedure into minimally invasive esophagectomy? The impact on perioperative results in patients with esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The benefit of using the laparoscopic approach in minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has not been established. We therefore compared the outcome of esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer performed with open surgery, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)/laparotomy (hybrid MIE), and VATS/ laparoscopy (total MIE). METHODS: Patients with esophageal cancer undergoing tri-incisional esophagectomy with three different approaches between 2005 and 2009 were analyzed from a prospective database. RESULTS: Three groups of patients underwent esophagectomy by open surgery (n = 64), hybrid MIE (n = 44), and total MIE (n = 30). The total MIE group had significantly longer operative times but had shorter postoperative ventilator usage times postoperative hospital stay, and they began jejunostomy feeding sooner (P < 0.05, compared with the other groups). There was a significant trend toward a decrease in postoperative pulmonary complications and anastomotic leakage in parallel to the proportion of minimally invasive procedures for esophagectomy (P < 0.05 for the trend test), with a significant difference between the open surgery and total MIE groups (30% vs. 6.7%, and 28% vs. 6.7%, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Use of a laparoscopic procedure in MIE for patients with esophageal cancer might provide benefit by facilitating postoperative recovery and reducing the rates of post-esophagectomy pulmonary complications and anastomotic leakage.

Examination of a perceived cost model of employees' negative feedback-seeking behavior.

The present study extends the feedback-seeking behavior literature by investigating how supervisor-related antecedents (i.e., supervisors' expert power, reflected appraisals of supervisors, and supervisors' emotional intelligence) influence subordinates' negative feedback-seeking behavior (NFSB) through different cost/value perceptions (i.e., expectancy value, self-presentation cost, and ego cost). Using data collected from 216 supervisor-subordinate dyads from various industries in Taiwan, we employ structural equation modeling analysis to test our hypotheses. The results show that expectancy value mediates the relationship between supervisor expert power and subordinates' NFSB. Moreover, self-presentation cost mediates the relationship between reflected appraisals of supervisors' and subordinates' NFSB. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are also discussed.

Coinfection of cytomegalovirus and miliary tuberculosis in a post-renal transplant recipient.

Infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality during the early posttransplant period. Of these infections, pulmonary infections are the most serious. Bacteria are the leading pathogen, followed by various opportunistic pathogens, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and mycobacterium tuberculosis. This investigation describes a 52-year-old male with a rare coinfection of CMV pneumonitis and miliary tuberculosis, 2 months after renal transplantation. This is the first case report of a coinfection with cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis presenting with diffuse pulmonary miliary lesions.

A young female with Spitzer-Weinstein syndrome diagnosed by thiazide test.

Spitzer-Weinstein syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by thiazide responsive hyperkalemia and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, similar to Gordon syndrome. The hyperfunction of thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl- cotransporter (TSC) is the main pathophysiological mechanism. We presented a 19-year-old female with short stature, normal blood pressure, persistently elevated serum potassium, and metabolic acidosis. The diagnosis of Spitzer-Weinstein Syndrome was made by clinical pictures and thiazide test. After taking 4 mg hydrochlorothiazide, her daily urine potassium excretion increased from 18.1 mmol to 41.8 mmol, urine pH decreased from 7.32 to 6.50, and urinary net charge decreased from 65.7 to 54.4. This patient then took hydrochlorothiazide 4 mg daily. The persistent hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis were corrected. Thiazide, a powerful inhibitor of TSC, proved to be a useful tool for the diagnosis and treatment of Spitzer-Weinstein syndrome.