ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Currently, there is no cost-effective tool available to diagnose laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in the developing country of China. The aim of this study was to achieve a linguistic adaptation of the Chinese version of the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI-CH). STUDY DESIGN: A nonrandomized, controlled, prospective trial. METHODS: A total of 107 patients at the outpatient clinic of Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled. They were asked to fill out the RSI-CH and underwent fiber-optic laryngoscopy to complete the Reflux Finding Score (RFS). Patients underwent pH monitoring if the RSI-CH was greater than 13 or if the RFS was not less than 7. Patients were treated with Omeprazole 20 mg twice a day for 3 months if the pH monitoring was positive. The reliability (Cronbach alpha coefficient and Spearman correlation analysis), validity (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values), and responsivity of RSI-CH were determined. RESULTS: RSI-CH had a good reliability (Cronbach alpha coefficient was greater than .7, whereas the test-retest validity for the total score and for each item were 0.750-0.971. The scale had a good criterion validity. The consistency (66.7%), sensitivity (61.76%), and specificity (75%), and the positive and negative predictive values (80.8% and 53.6%) were considered good. The RSI-CH scores changed from 15 to 7 after treatment, and the average score of the controlled group was 6.5. CONCLUSIONS: The RSI-CH developed and validated by this study can be used as an effective diagnostic tool in identifying differentiating LPR diseases in patients whose native language is Chinese.
Subject(s)
Language , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , China , Esophageal pH Monitoring , Hospitals, University , Humans , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/complications , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/drug therapy , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/physiopathology , Laryngoscopy , Omeprazole/administration & dosage , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Proton Pump Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Intersinus septal cell (ISSC) is not a very uncommon frontal recess cell. But it is poorly described in literature. The clinical significance of this anatomic variant still remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the anatomy, classification of ISSC and its clinical significance in Chinese subjects. METHODS: We prospectively identified ISSC in 200 consecutive subjects who had undergone computed tomography (CT) scans: 120 without frontal sinusitis (group 1) and 80 with frontal sinusitis (group 2). The ISSC was classified into two types: Type I ISSC communicated with frontal sinuses, type II ISSC communicated with frontal recess. The patients of frontal sinusitis had undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery with the assistance of the classification of ISSC. Statistical analysis was performed to correlate the ISSC and its type to the presence of frontal sinusitis. RESULTS: The ISSC was obvious when reviewing the coronal and axial CT scans. Of the 200 CT scans reviewed, ISSC were present in 90 (45%). Of the 120 scans in group 1, ISSC were present in 49 (41%), among which type I ISSC was in 22 (18%) and type II was in 27 (23%). Of the 80 scans in group 2, ISSC was present in 41 (51%), among which type I ISSC was in 16 (20%) and type II was in 25 (31%). There were no statistically significant differences about the frequency distribution of total ISSC, type I and II ISSC between group 1 and group 2. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ISSC was very high in Chinese patients. The classification of ISSC was helpful for surgeon to operate according to whether it communicated with frontal sinus or frontal recess. The type II ISSC could be relatively easily removed from frontal recess.
