High spin current density in gate-tunable spin-valves based on graphene nanoribbons.

The usage of two-dimensional (2D) materials will be very advantageous for many developing spintronic device designs, providing a superior method of managing spin. Non-volatile memory technologies, particularly magnetic random-access memories (MRAMs), characterized by 2D materials are the goal of the effort. A sufficiently large spin current density is indispensable for the writing mode of MRAMs to switch states. How to attain spin current density beyond critical values around 5 MA/cm2 in 2D materials at room temperature is the greatest obstacle to overcome. Here, we first theoretically propose a spin valve based on graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) to generate a huge spin current density at room temperature. The spin current density can achieve the critical value with the help of tunable gate voltage. The highest spin current density can reach 15 MA/cm2 by adjusting the band gap energy of GNRs and exchange strength in our proposed gate-tunable spin-valve. Also, ultralow writing power can be obtained, successfully overcoming the difficulties traditional magnetic tunnel junction-based MRAMs have faced. Furthermore, the proposed spin-valve meets the reading mode criteria and the MR ratios are always higher than 100%. These results may open the feasibility avenues for spin logic devices based on 2D materials.

Conjugated topological cavity-states in one-dimensional photonic systems and bio-sensing applications.

Traditional photonic systems are endowed with brand new properties owing to the addition of topological physics with light. A conjugated topological cavity-states (CTCS) in one-dimensional photonic systems is presented, which has not only robust light transport but also ultra-high performances, such as high quality factor (high-Q) and perfect transmission. This extraordinary CTCS can address the bottleneck of typical topological photonic systems, which can only achieve robust light transport without maintaining high performance. Furthermore, the CTCS is especially suitable for bio-photonic sensing with high resolution requirements. An ultra-sensitivity of 2000 nm/RIU and a high-Q of 109 for detecting the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 S-glycoprotein solution are obtained. Notably, the CTCS not only opens new possibilities for advanced photonics but also paves the way for high performance in topological photonic devices.

An Indoor Gardening Planting Table Game Design to Improve the Cognitive Performance of the Elderly with Mild and Moderate Dementia.

The purpose of this study is to improve the overall cognitive function of patients with dementia in Yunlin County, Taiwan, by designing an indoor gardening flower combination game suitable for home and maintenance institutions. This paper uses qualitative research (participatory interviews, case studies, and contextual observation methods in the demand exploration phase) and quantitative research (experimental methods and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Barthel Index questionnaires in the product verification phase). This study adopted a four-stage service design: demand exploration, demand definition, design implementation, and product verification. In the stage of demand exploration, 14 elderly people with mild or moderate dementia were interviewed, and two cases were selected for two in-depth observations of horticultural treatment activities. Common obstacles and potential demand points were listed after integration: (1) The safety of elderly patients with dementia can be improved by employing horticultural treatment activities transferred from outdoors to indoors; (2) the objects and facilities used in horticultural activities should be improved to reduce the attention burden of elderly patients with dementia; 3) the elements of reminiscence or familiarity of the mentally handicapped elderly should be increased; 4) the process of gardening and planting can be used by two or four people to improve social and language skills. According to this study, an indoor gardening planting table game was developed. This game includes a group of flower combination prompt cards (including five flower groups: camellia, cherry blossom, chrysanthemum, kapok, and lotus), a group of color and number prompt rings, and a flower base, which provides planting of up to 25 flowers and is matched with the number prompt color rings; then, the combined flowers are planted into the base. In the final experience experiment, 7 participants with free movement of the upper limbs and mild or moderate dementia were selected by the MMSE and Barthel Index to participate in a 5-week experiment. After using a combination of progressive low-level, medium-level, and high-level flower combination tasks, the results showed that the overall performance of the elderly patients with mild or moderate dementia in the MMSE test was improved by the indoor gardening planting table game. However, the treatment effect-size presented a low effect magnitude.

An event-related potential study of semantic style-match judgments of artistic furniture.

This study investigates how semantic networks represent different artistic furniture. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants made style-match judgments for table and chair sets. All of the tables were in the Normal style, whereas the chairs were in the Normal, Minimal, ReadyMade, or Deconstruction styles. The Normal and Minimal chairs had the same rates of "match" responses, which were both higher than the rates for the ReadyMade and Deconstruction chairs. Compared with Normal chairs, the ERPs elicited by both ReadyMade chairs and Deconstruction chairs exhibited reliable N400 effects, which suggests that these two design styles were unlike the Normal design style. However, Minimal chairs evoked ERPs that were similar to the ERPs of Normal chairs. Furthermore, the N400 effects elicited by ReadyMade and Deconstruction chairs showed different scalp distributions. These findings reveal that semantic networks represent different design styles for items of the same category.