ABSTRACT
The WRKY family of transcription factors (TFs) is one of the ten largest families of TFs in higher plants and has been implicated in multiple biological processes. Here, we identified 121 WRKY TFs in moso bamboo, including five novel members that were not annotated in the Phyllostachys edulis genomic database. Estimation of the divergence time of paralogous gene pairs revealed an important role of the recent whole-genome duplication in the expansion of the WRKY family. Expression analysis based on quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) data revealed that a large number of PheWRKY genes varied significantly under cold or drought stress treatments, which could be defined as abiotic stress-responsive genes. The overexpression of PheWRKY72-2 in Arabidopsis resulted in a decreased sensitivity to drought stress during early seedling growth. PheWRKY72-2 may enhance plant tolerance to stress by functioning as a positive regulator of stoma closure. Our study provides a theoretical foundation and some experimental evidence for further functional verification of the PheWRKY family of TFs.
Subject(s)
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Multigene Family , Phylogeny , Poaceae/genetics , Stress, Physiological/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics , Arabidopsis/genetics , Gene Expression Profiling , Plant Proteins/genetics , Plants, Genetically Modified , Poaceae/metabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Job satisfaction and job stress have been shown to be consistently related in a range of school education studies. The purpose of this research was to investigate how well the job satisfaction of resource room teachers in Taiwan may be predicted through an understanding of their job stress and demographic characteristics. METHOD: A total of 153 elementary resource room teachers in Taoyuan were questioned using a self-report questionnaire. Following the questionnaire, 10 veteran resource room teachers were asked to provide further insight into their work. RESULTS: For the 135 participants, both the working condition dimension of job stress and education level were significant predictors of job satisfaction. The results are discussed in terms of the Taiwan context. CONCLUSIONS: Along with initiatives to improve the professional qualifications of teachers, some changes may assist in improving the job satisfaction of resource room teachers and extending their careers in Taiwan.
