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Radio Frequency (RF) sensor is widely used to monitor physiological signals. Generally, RF sensor simulation is mostly done using a layered model, which sometimes cannot model the accurate properties in the real world. A voxel vascular structure-based mannequin-like arm electromagnetic model (VVS-MaM) is proposed to evaluate the RF sensor, which mainly gathers the real physiological signal. This model is built with high-precision Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and it can finish fast simulation while there is also a voxel-like part in it which means it has the advantages of both the layered model and the real human model. After modelling, both simulation and in-vivo experiments are designed to test this sensor. In the simulation, the simulated standard resonant frequency of the equivalent model is 1.8137 GHz, and the relative error of the VVS-MaM is 0.012 GHz, which is closer to the standard value than the layer model result of 0.049 GHz. Meanwhile, in the in-vivo experiments, an RF sensor based on a composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) and complementary split resonator rings (CSRRs) are fabricated, and the measurements from the real experiments are gathered and stored to compare with that of the simulation. The comparison shows that the relative error of the VVS-MaM (0.08804 GHz)is closer to the in-vivo measurements than that of the layer model (0.09891 GHz), which validates the performance of VVS-MaM.Clinical Relevance-Radio Frequency, magnetic resonance imaging, scattering parameter, composite right/left-handed, complementary split resonator ring.
Subject(s)
Arm , Manikins , Humans , Radio Waves , Computer Simulation , Magnetic Resonance ImagingABSTRACT
@#Objective To assess the early outcome of transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for patients with aortic insufficiency. Methods The patients with aortic valvular disease who underwent transapical TAVR from October 2020 to October 2022 in the Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled in the current retrospective study. The patients with aortic stenosis were assembled in a group A, and the patients with aortic insufficiency were assembled in a group B. The improvements of heart function and complications were assessed for the two groups. Results A total of 56 patients were enrolled, including 32 males and 24 females with an average age of 73.34±5.10 years. There were 31 patients in the group A and 25 patients in the group B. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the age, gender, height, weight, hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, renal disorder or classification of heart function (P>0.05). Also, there was still no statistical difference in the rate of permanent peacemaker implants, emergent open surgery, valve re-implants, or perivalvular leakage (P>0.05). After TAVR, the left ventricular diastolic diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction, complicated moderated mitral and tricuspid regurgitation were significantly improved in both groups compared with preoperative findings (P<0.05); however, there was no statistical difference in these parameters between groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Interventional valve (J-Valve) in the treatment of patients with aortic insufficiency through transapical TAVR significantly improves cardiac function and reduces functional valve regurgitation.
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PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of preoperative red blood cell distribution width (RDW) values on the risk of post-operative new-onset atrial fibrillation (PNAF) during hospitalization following cardiac valve replacement surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical data of 148 patients with preoperative sinus rhythm who underwent cardiac valve replacement surgery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from September 2017 to June 2018 were retrospectively analysed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between preoperative RDW values and the development of PNAF. RESULTS: Forty-nine of the 148 patients (33.1%) developed PNAF. The median preoperative RDW was 13.1 (12.6-17.2), while the median RDW value was significantly higher in patients with PNAF than in those without PNAF [14.1 (13.2-15.0) vs. 12.9 (12.4-13.5), p < 0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative RDW values were significantly correlated with the occurrence of PNAF (odds ratio: 1.940, 95% confidence interval: 1.377-2.731, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative RDW is an independent risk factor for PNAF during hospitalization following cardiac valve replacement surgery. This finding suggests that preoperative RDW measurement may be used to stratify the risk for PNAF development in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Erythrocyte Indices , Erythrocytes , Heart Valves/surgery , Humans , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the independent risk factors associated with postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients undergoing type A aortic dissection surgery. Methods The clinical data of 147 patients who underwent acute type A aortic dissection surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 110 males at age of 51.9±10.1 years and 37 females at age of 54.3±11.1 years. According to whether the patients developed ARDS after surgery, all of the patients were divided into a ARDS group or a non-ARDS group. Logistic regress analysis was utilized to establish the predictive mode to identify the independent risk factors related to ARDS. Results Of the patients, 25 developed postoperative ARDS. Among them, 5 patients were mild ARDS, 13 patients were moderate, and 7 patients were severe ARDS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time [odds ratio (OR)=1.067, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.014-1.124, P=0.013], cardiopulmonary bypass time (OR=1.012, 95%CI 1.001-1.022, P=0.027) and perioperative plasma input (OR=1.001, 95%CI 1.000-1.002, P=0.011) were independently associated with ARDS in patients undergoing acute A aortic dissection surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated a good discrimination ability of the logistic regression model, with an area under the curve of 0.835 (95%CI 0.740-0.929, P=0.000). Conclusion Duration of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass time and perioperative plasma are independent risk factors for postoperative ARDS in patients undergoing type A aortic dissection surgery.
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Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process that captures and degrades dysfunctional organelles and useless proteins during cellular stress process， which plays a dual role in cervical cancer. In the early stage of cervical cancer， autophagy inhibits the occurrence and development of cervical cancer by prohibiting the accumulation of oncogenic p62 protein. In the advanced stage of cervical cancer， inhibition of autophagy of cancer cells enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs， thus inhibiting their proliferation. In recent years， the research on Chinese medicine monomers regulating autophagy in the treatment of cervical cancer has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. Chinese medicine monomers regulate the autophagy of cervical cancer cells through multiple pathways and multiple targets， so as to increase the apoptosis rate and reduce the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore， this paper reviewed the mechanism of Chinese medicine monomers in inhibiting cervical cancer through autophagy， expecting to find new breakthroughs in the discovery and development of preventive and therapeutic drugs for cervical cancer. By reviewing the literature， it was found that in the early stage of cervical cancer， Chinese medicine monomers activated autophagy to promote apoptosis of cancer cells， and the main mechanism was to increase lysosomal membrane permeability and chemotherapeutic sensitivity and activate intact autophagy flow. In the advanced stage of cervical cancer， inhibition of autophagy reduced the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs by inhibiting the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. The treatment of cervical cancer by Chinese medicine monomers regulating autophagy has achieved certain effect， but there are few clinical experimental studies and lack of reliable clinical theoretical basis. Therefore， it is essential to carry out more clinical experimental studies on Chinese medicine monomers regulating autophagy to treat cervical cancer， thus finding more reliable theoretical basis for the treatment of tumors.
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Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process that captures and degrades dysfunctional organelles and useless proteins during cellular stress process， which plays a dual role in cervical cancer. In the early stage of cervical cancer， autophagy inhibits the occurrence and development of cervical cancer by prohibiting the accumulation of oncogenic p62 protein. In the advanced stage of cervical cancer， inhibition of autophagy of cancer cells enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs， thus inhibiting their proliferation. In recent years， the research on Chinese medicine monomers regulating autophagy in the treatment of cervical cancer has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. Chinese medicine monomers regulate the autophagy of cervical cancer cells through multiple pathways and multiple targets， so as to increase the apoptosis rate and reduce the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore， this paper reviewed the mechanism of Chinese medicine monomers in inhibiting cervical cancer through autophagy， expecting to find new breakthroughs in the discovery and development of preventive and therapeutic drugs for cervical cancer. By reviewing the literature， it was found that in the early stage of cervical cancer， Chinese medicine monomers activated autophagy to promote apoptosis of cancer cells， and the main mechanism was to increase lysosomal membrane permeability and chemotherapeutic sensitivity and activate intact autophagy flow. In the advanced stage of cervical cancer， inhibition of autophagy reduced the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs by inhibiting the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. The treatment of cervical cancer by Chinese medicine monomers regulating autophagy has achieved certain effect， but there are few clinical experimental studies and lack of reliable clinical theoretical basis. Therefore， it is essential to carry out more clinical experimental studies on Chinese medicine monomers regulating autophagy to treat cervical cancer， thus finding more reliable theoretical basis for the treatment of tumors.
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@#Objective To explore the effect of pulmonary hypertension on the clinical efficacy of Cox Maze Ⅳ procedure in treating atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with valvular heart disease. Methods The clinical data of 84 patients who received cardiac valve replacement and Cox Maze Ⅳ ablation in our hospital from July 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the estimation of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) by ultrasound, the patients were divided into two groups: a group A (PAP<45 mm Hg, 20 males, 26 females with an average age of 59.1±7.8 years) and a group B (PAP≥45 mm Hg, 15 males and 23 females with an average age of 58.5±8.5 years). The PAP was less than 70 mm Hg in all patients. A systematic follow-up review was performed for 6 months after operation. The recovery and recurrence rate of sinus rhythm after surgical ablation were compared between the two groups, and the efficacy was analyzed. Results (1) All the patients completed the operation successfully, and there was no statistical difference in the ablation time between the two groups (P>0.05); no patients died of pulmonary infection after the operation, and one patient underwent implantation of a permanent pacemaker due to conduction block. (2) At the end of the operation and 3 months after the operation, the conversion rate of AF in the group A was 91.3% (42 patients) and 82.6% (38 patients), respectively, and in the group B was 89.5% (34 patients) and 73.7% (28 patients), respectively (P>0.05). The conversion rate of AF was 82.6% (38 patients) in the group A and 63.2% (24 patients) in the group B at 6 months after operation (P=0.043). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PAP≥45 mm Hg had a significant effect on the long-term effect of surgical Maze procedure in treating AF patients with valvular heart disease [P=0.014, OR=5.661, 95%CI (1.429, 22.432)]. Conclusion PAP may be an influencing factor for the long-term effect of surgical Maze procedure in treating AF patients with valvular heart disease. Although the long-term recurrence rate of AF in the moderate pulmonary hypertension group is higher than that in the group A, the overall effect is still safe and effective; therefore it is still worth promoting in clinical application.
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@#Objective To compare the short-term outcomes of surgical repair for atrial septal defect (ASD) with a robotic (da Vinci Si) approach versus a conventional open procedure. Methods Clinical data of 140 patients undergoing ASD closure in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2016 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a robotic group and a sternotomy group according to different surgical methods. In the robotic group, there were 67 patients including 20 males and 47 females at a median age of 40.0 (25.0) years, and in the sternotomy group there were 73 patients including 23 males and 50 females at a median age of 41.0 (29.0) years. Multivariate linear regressions were used to produce risk-adjusted analysis of pertinent clinical characteristics. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to compare the speed of sternotomy versus robotic group returning to exercise or daily life. Results Robotic-assisted surgery was associated with significantly shorter 24 h postoperative drainage volume [220.0 (210.0) mL vs. 345.0 (265.0) mL, P<0.001], mechanical ventilation [6.0 (11.0) h vs. 8.0 (11.0) h, P=0.024], intensive care unit length of stay (LOS) [19.0 (19.0) h vs. 22.0 (25.0) h, P=0.005], postoperative hospital LOS [9.0 (5.0) d vs. 10.0(6.0) d, P=0.003], and a lower rate of perioperative blood transfusion (28.36% vs. 84.93%, P<0.001). After controlling for patient comorbidity in the multiple regression model, there remained a trend toward decreased 24 h postoperative drainage volume (β=–115.30, 95%CI–170.78 to –59.82, P<0.001), mechanical ventilation (β=–4.96, 95%CI –8.33 to –1.59, P=0.004) and postoperative hospital LOS (β=–2.31, 95%CI –3.98 to –0.63, P=0.007) in the robotic group. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients returned to exercise or daily life earlier in the robotic group [35.0 (32.0) d vs. 90.0 (75.0) d, P<0.001]. Conclusion Closure of ASD can be performed safely and effectively via robotic approach. And the minimally invasive technique is beneficial to postoperative recovery.
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Despite considerable research progress on SARS-CoV-2, the direct zoonotic origin (intermediate host) of the virus remains ambiguous. The most definitive approach to identify the intermediate host would be the detection of SARS-CoV-2-like coronaviruses in wild animals. However, due to the high number of animal species, it is not feasible to screen all the species in the laboratory. Given that the recognition of the binding ACE2 proteins is the first step for the coronaviruses to invade host cells, we proposed a computational pipeline to identify potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 by modeling the binding affinity between the Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) and host ACE2. Using this pipeline, we systematically examined 285 ACE2 variants from mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians, and found that the binding energies calculated on the modeled Spike-RBD/ACE2 complex structures correlate closely with the effectiveness of animal infections as determined by multiple experimental datasets. Built on the optimized binding affinity cutoff, we suggested a set of 96 mammals, including 48 experimentally investigated ones, which are permissive to SARS-CoV-2, with candidates from primates, rodents, and carnivores at the highest risk of infection. Overall, this work not only suggested a limited range of potential intermediate SARS-CoV-2 hosts for further experimental investigation; but more importantly, it proposed a new structure-based approach to general zoonotic origin and susceptibility analyses that are critical for human infectious disease control and wildlife protection.
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As the infection of 2019-nCoV coronavirus is quickly developing into a global pneumonia epidemic, careful analysis of its transmission and cellular mechanisms is sorely needed. In this report, we re-analyzed the computational approaches and findings presented in two recent manuscripts by Ji et al. (https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25682) and by Pradhan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.30.927871), which concluded that snakes are the intermediate hosts of 2019-nCoV and that the 2019-nCoV spike protein insertions shared a unique similarity to HIV-1. Results from our re-implementation of the analyses, built on larger-scale datasets using state-of-the-art bioinformatics methods and databases, do not support the conclusions proposed by these manuscripts. Based on our analyses and existing data of coronaviruses, we concluded that the intermediate hosts of 2019-nCoV are more likely to be mammals and birds than snakes, and that the "novel insertions" observed in the spike protein are naturally evolved from bat coronaviruses.
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Objective To explore the value of neutiophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ( NGAL) taken from blood and urine samples in early diagnosis of acute kidney injury ( AKI) after heart valves replacement surgeries. Meth-ods A total of 56 patients received heart valves replacement surgeries were selected prospectively in this study. NGAL from blood and urine samples and serum creatinine ( Scr) were tested among them at different moments. AKI and non-AKI groups were divided based on Scr levels and the value of NGAL taken from blood and urine sam-ples was estimated in early diagnosis of AKI with receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) . Results 16 AKIs were observed among all of them. The peak value of Scr in AKI group was shown between 12 and 24 hours after surgeries, while blood-NGAL was seen high significantly (P<0.05) since 2 hours after surgeries, peak value at 4 hours, for urine-NGAL, peak value was seen at 2 hours. The area of ROC of blood-NGAL 4 hours and urine-NGAL 2 hours after surgeries for AKI diagnosis were 0.891 and 0.934, respectively. The better sensitivity and specificity were shown in both threshold set as 50 μg/L and 110 μg/L. Conclusion Blood-NGAL and urine-NGAL can be used as early diagnostic markers of AKI after heart valves replacement surgeries, whose change is significantly earli-er than that of Scr.
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OBJECTIVE: To probe into the utilization characteristics and the consumption of oral traditional Chinese medicinal decoctions in our hospital.METHODS: The department of internal medicine in our hospital was subdivided into 8 special divisions.6 physicians of senior professional title(associated professor or above) from each subdivision were randomly selected for analysis of the prescriptions of oral traditional Chinese medicinal decoctions prescribed by the 48 physicians.The ingredients and their dosages in the prescriptions were recorded to database and analyzed by Weka data mining software.RESULTS: The drug use frequency of no less than 5% was noted in 68 kinds of oral traditional Chinese medicinal decoctions,with the drugs for reinforcing deficiency showing the highest drug use frequency,followed by drug for clearing heat,drugs for blood-activating and stasis-dissolving,drugs for eliminating sputum and relieving cough and asthma etc.The drug use frequency of no less than 1% was noted in 193 kinds,of which,160(83%) whose doses exceeded the specified limit value specified in Chinese Pharmacopeia,and in 52 kinds(27%),the proportion of prescriptions involving overdosing was no less than 50%.CONCLUSION: The concerned departments should attached great importance to the widespread phenomenon that the dosages of oral traditional Chinese medicinal decoctions in our hospital exceed the specified dosages in Chinese Pharmacopeia.
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AIM: To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic and imported anastrozole tablet. METHODS: According to the crossover design, each volunteer was orally given anastrozole tablets (1 mg). GC determined the drug concertrations in plasma. The linear ranges was from 0.5 to 200.0 μg*L-1 plasma (r=0.9997, n=9). The recovery rates of lower, mid, higher concentration (1.0,10.0,20.0 μg*L-1 plasma were 93.50 %, 100.17 %,98.96 % respectively. Inter-day and intra-day precisions of the method were <13 %. RESULTS: The pharmacokinetic parameters of the domestic and imported tablet were 1.2 h±0.5 h and 1.3 h±0.4 h for T max, 10 μg*L-1±3 μg*L-1 and 10.2 μg*L-1±2.5 μg*L-1 for Cmax, 386 μg*L-1±117 μg*L-1 and 385 μg*L-1±117 μg*h-1*L-1 for AUC0-T,36 h±14 h and 32 h±10 h for T1/2 respectively. The relative bioavailability of the domestic tablet was (100±9) %. CONCLUSION: Domestic and imported anastrozole tablet are bioequivalence in healthy volunteers.
