ABSTRACT
Aim:This study was aimed to explore and describe the Kurdish women's perception of cervical cancer screening. Methods: A qualitative design based on a conventional content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was applied to 19 women chosen, who had a Pap smear or refused to have one. The study was performed in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Semi-structure din-depth individual interviews were carried out to collect data. Results: Four main themes including conflict, belief, and awareness about cervical cancer screening and socio-cultural factors emerged during data analysis Conclusions: Cervical cancer has a high mortality rate in the developing countries. However, only a few Kurdish women participated in the cervical cancer screening in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Understanding the factors associated with the women's perception of cervical cancer could guide future educational planning and clinical interventions improve the cervical cancer screening.
ABSTRACT
We report a novel tilting exposure photolithography (TEL) technique where gradual pattern displacement is employed to achieve high-resolution features over large areas with reasonable exposure times. A linear array with features of the order of 100 nm has been realized using this technique with standard blue-light LED sources. TEL can be useful in the visible and ultraviolet spectra to create two-dimensional periodic structures. The created structures include the nanometric array of spots and lines. The proposed technique can be used as a writing method where complex features can be generated by moving the sample-holding leading to serpentine nanometric linear arrays.
